The MICE collaboration

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n
m
p
MICE
The International Muon Ionization Cooling
Experiment
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MICE 1. Why, what and who? 2. MICE
Funding/status/schedule -- Phase I -- Phase II
(and III?) 3. Conclusions
Collaboration membership and organization in
appendix http//mice.iit.edu
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Major challenges tackled by RD expts
High-power target . 4MW . good
transmission MERIT experiment (CERN)
Fast muon cooling MICE experiment (RAL)
Fast, large aperture accelerator (FFAG) EMMA
(Daresbury)
ISS baseline
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IONIZATION COOLING
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10 cooling of 200 MeV/c muons requires 20 MV
of RF single particle measurements gt
measurement precision can be as good as D ( e
out/e in ) 10-3 never done before either
Coupling Coils 12
Spectrometer solenoid 1
Matching coils 12
Spectrometer solenoid 2
Matching coils 12
Focus coils 1
Focus coils 2
Focus coils 3
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Beam PID TOF 0 Cherenkov TOF 1
RF cavities 1
RF cavities 2
Downstream TOF 2 particle ID KL and SW
Calorimeter
VariableDiffuser
Liquid Hydrogen absorbers 1,2,3
Incoming muon beam
Trackers 1 2 measurement of emittance in and
out
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• Challenges of MICE
• (these things have never been done before)
• Operate RF cavities of relatively low frequency
  (201 MHz) at high gradient (nominal 8MV/m in
  MICE, 16 MV/m with 8 MW and LN2 cooled RF
  cavities)
• in highly inhomogeneous magnetic fields (1-3
  T)
• dark currents (can heat up LH2), breakdowns
  
• 2. Hydrogen safety (substantial amounts of LH2
  in vicinity of RF cavities)
• 3. Emittance measurement to relative precision of
  10-3 in environment of RF bkg
• requires
• low mass (low multiple scattering) and
  precise tracker
• fast and redundant to fight
  dark-current-induced background
• precision Time-of-Flight for particle phase
  determination (3.60 50 ps)
• complete set of PID detectors to eliminate
  beam pions and decay electrons
• and

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• Requirements on detectors for MICE
• Must be sure to work on muons
• 1.a use a pion/muon decay channel with 5T,
  5m long decay solenoid
• 1.b reject incoming pions and electrons
• TOF over 6m with 70 ps resolution
  threshold Cherenkov
• 1.c reject decays in flight of muons
• downstream PID (TOF2 calorimeter set
  up)
• 2. Measure all 6 parameters of the muons x,y,t,
  x, y, ?zE/Pz
• tracker in magnetic field, TOF
• 3. Resolution on above quantities must be better
  than 10 of rms of beam
• at equilibrium emittance to ensure correction
  is less than 1.
• resolution must be measured
• 4. Detectors must be robust against RF radiation
  and field emission

Design of MICE detectors and beam test results
satisfy the above requirements
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Aspirational MICE Schedule now (unchanged since
march 2006)
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beam line detector commissionning starts
August 2007!
1 October 2007
STEP I
STEP II
December 2007
STEP III
March 2008
PHASE I
STEP IV
Early 2009
STEP V
RD
Summer 2009
STEP VI
2010
PHASE II
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The MICE BEAM LINE
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ISIS pulses at 50Hz with flat top for
2ms. Electromagnetic driver dips target in and
out in3ms. Resp Sheffield, Glasgow
MICE Target
actuator
in lab
Target test succesful Oct-Nov06 beam at 50Hz/64
(1.28s) only 10 A target drive (need 40) Review
on 6 march 2007 Ballistic control of
target critical will be operated 3 months in
beam before October run
on the beam line
shielded detectors in place
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Beam line
Construction at RAL is in full swing
layout in the vault
PSI solenoid
PSI sol. cryo in the hall
drilling holes
quads refurbishment
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MICE Hall and infrastructure
INSTALLATION
Commissng
Operation
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resp Japan,UK,US
Tracker
two identical trackers with 5 planes of 3-views,
440 ?m point resolution achieved scintillating
fiber detector read-out with VPLCs (7-fold
ganging of 350 ?m diameter fibers)

• Prototypes with 3, 4 triple-planes
• were built and tested on cosmics and
• test beam at KEK (in 1 T mag field)
• gt curvature measurement OK.
• Improved QA procedures
• for final production
• Full production of tracker
• started in January 2007
• Fibre preparation ribbon production at FNAL
  completeFirst production VLPC cryostat is under
  construction (works at 50Hz mains!)
  COMMISSION AT RAL STARTING in JUNE 2007

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TOF0, TOF1, KL SW
TOF is Responsibility of M. Bonesini et al (INFN
Milano, Pavia, Roma Gva Sofia) Technically
Two layers (x and y) of 4cm wide hodoscopes 60
ps resolution achieved in test beam Phototubes/ele
ctronics/magnetic shield defined construction
of TOF0 and TOF1 underway all phototubes and
scintillator purchased electronics purchased or
under construction gt on course for delivery
at RAL in August 2007 Very useful tools for beam
diagnostics alignment etc

KL calorimeter (4 X0 of lead sci-fibers
sandwitch)? first recognition of electrons Under
construction at ROMA III (L. Tortora) delivery in
october 2007 SW calorimeter (100X100 X 80 cm
deep scintillator ranger for positive muon
ID) First prototype layer under construction in
Trieste (FNAL/Trieste/GVA collab.) aim is to be
operational in 2008 for full downstream PID
capability
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KL calorimeter
L90
?60
?65
L60
tracker
SW calorimeter
Spectrometer solenoid
TOF and shielding
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MICE DAQ Trigger
Gva, UK, IIT, Osaka
data rate 1MHz

• DATE framework (ALICE expt _at_cern)
• Readout by VME
• Trigger signals and run modes established
• Control and monitoring established (Daresbury)

February, 2007 DAQ test bench set up at
Uni-Geneva March, 2007 Order MICE Stage 1 FEE
hardware July, 2007 Move MICE DAQ system to
RAL September, 2007 DAQ working in MICE Stage 1
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Preparing for PHASE I software, analysis DATA
Challenge
1. Basic simulation and reconstruction of MICE is
complete for the various steps Both G4MICE and
MUCOOL are used. 2. Putting it all together to
do analysis (particle reconstruction, particle ID
algorithms Single particle amplitude and
emittance calculations, etc) 3. Data
challenge launched in March 2007 4. Shortage of
hands (general in MICE) is particularly felt here.
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Single particle Amplitude Measurements in MICE
Increase of central phase space density
Transmission versus amplitude Large emittance
beam Channel with absorbers RF
Transmission versus amplitude Large emittance
beam Empty channel
Emittance RMS amplitude of muons in beam MICE
can measure the amplitudes of single muons (6D
radius in emittance ellipsoid) Increase in
central phase space density ? Dramatic
demonstration of Cooling
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Goal Establish beam match and whether we have
all knobs necessary to draw emittance vs.
transmission curve. Measure emittance
Run plan -- steps I and II
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STEP I Aug.- Nov. 2007
STEP II dec. 2007 to march 2008
Runnng time Take 200-400 muons per 1ms spill
once per second In steps I-IV 1 (0.1)
emittance meast will take lt1 (lt100) minute
10 times longer in steps V and VI where
phase matters.

preliminary estimate STEP I requires 60 shifts
(20 days of running) beam line commissionning,
target tuning (rates), DAQ and detector shake
down STEP II requires 150 shifts (50 days, will
extend in 2008) Alignment of beam x,x,y,y,
(Lack of) dispersion, check range of transverse
emittance, and range of momenta measure emittance
and publish first
paper
total for steps I II 70 days
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Instrumentation/commissioning strawman
schedule 2007 (from february 2007)
Task Milestone Commissioning period
U/stream diagnostics 13Jul07 14Jul07 08Aug07
CKOV 1 14Jul07 21Jul07 08Aug07
D/stream diagnostics 14Aug07 15Aug07 22Agu07
TOF 0 14Aug07 15Aug07 22Aug07
Tracker (no solenoid) 22Aug07 23Aug07 30Aug07
TOF 1 22Aug07 23Aug07 30Aug07
Downstream scint. 22Aug07 23Aug07 30Aug07
KL 31Aug07 01Sep07 15Sep07
start phase I data taking 02Oct07 02 Oct07 -
Tracker solenoid 01Nov07 02Nov07 22Nov07
Tracker diffuser TOF1KL in solenoid 22Nov07 22Nov07 30Nov07
Step II, first run start 30Nov07 23Nov07 21Dec07
End of run party 21Dec07
Probably shifted by one month
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2. Preparing for phase II
LH2 Absorber (UK, US, Japan) AFC module
(UK) RF RD (Mucool-NFMCC) RF
power (LBNL CERN -gt Daresbury lab ?
RAL) Coupling Coils
(LBNL-Harbin ICST) SW calorimeter
(GVA-FNAL-Trieste)
Main technological uncertainty towards PHASEII is
MUCOOL RF RD. This emphasizes the need for the
MUCOOL coupling coil!
Main issue is funding.
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The complete cell of the study II cooling channel
is composed of
two RF coupling-coil modules with an
absorber-focus pair module in the middle This
corresponds to step VI. Although ionization
cooling could already be observed in step V,
several aspects of the system such as --
flip between two modules and longitudinal
emittance growth would not be covered fully.
The complete MICE project extends to step VI
(MICE needs two RFCC modules and three AFC
modules)
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• RF power system
• completion of test stand in 2007 (Daresbury Lab)
• relationship with CERN phase 2
• FC Module
• Tender spec complete
• announcement in EU journal made
• Hydrogen System
• Spec almost ready for review

Safety review and HAZOP for H2 system has been
passed.
Metal hydride storage tank with capacity of 20
m3 of hydrogen
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Summary of funding situation (I)
-- UK PhaseI 9.7M (OST rolling grants
CCLRC contributions) Phase II bid
submitted in July 2007. Peer review
positive recommended 100 of support for
engineering 2 option for 3d
focus pair modules support for
exploitation Merge of CCLRC and PPARC
into STFC leads to general review
during next year ? reconcilitation for one year
funding. Authorization to post
official notice for FC module in EU journal
(1st step in call for tender process)
-- USA funding from the NFMCC (DOE baseline
scenario 4.125M) 4MW RF source NSF
grant (IIT) 300k MRI grant (tracker
tracker solenoid) 750k (NB tracker part
was reduced substantially by D0 electronics deal)
DOE suppl. for MUCOOL coupling coil 300k
Fermilab 800k NSF tracker proposal
by Pr G. Hanson 400 k (postdocX3 years)
( equal amount of startup
fund) further request submitted NSF MRI for
MUCOOL CC (should know by june) other
avenues being investigated (e.g. PIRES)


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Summary of funding situation (II)
-- Japan Very important contribution by Osaka
and KEK was interrupted in 2006 Bids have been
resubmitted for US-Japan coll. and Japan No
effect on tracker. Affects absorber bodies and
controls. -- Switzerland PSI solenoid
Uni-GenevaSNF (DAQ, trigger TOF0 PMTS
2PhD1RA 1000 kCHF so far) additional
request for online (100kCHF) in
preparation Bulgaria collaboration (travel, PID
electronics) (74kCHF granted) -- CERN 1 RF
station providing 4MW (173kCHF or 110k 0.3
FTE) agreed on 3 Nov 2006 Maurizio Vretenar
charged of execution -- Netherlands (Mag
probes) -- Italy (TOF, Calorimeter) 500 k
from INFN 200 k from RAL end-of-year
2006 to completion project recognized within
INFN NTA (New Techniques of Acceleration) --
China (MICE coupling coils) propose to build
first coupling coil with US funding (MUCOOL
coupling coil) bid submitted from ICST to HIT
for delivery of two MICE coupling coils
(requires NFMCC to purchase the conductor and
power supplies)
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Summary of funding situation (III)
Missing but requested 1. UK Phase II bid 2.
US Mucool coupling coil MRI bid (rest is within
MICE 2005 5yrs plan) 3. China MICE coupling
coils 4. Japan Absorbers bodies and controls
everywhere manpower
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Beyond PHASEII -- Ideas for  Phase III 
ONCE PHASEII will be completed, having equipped
the MICE hall with -- spectrometers, TOF and PID
able to measure emittance to 10-3 -- 8 MW of
201MHz RF power -- 23 MV of RF acceleration --
Liquid Hydrogen infrastructure and safety MICE
can become a facility to test new cooling
ideas. Such ideas were proposed
A. with the existing MICE hardware to test optics
beyond the neutrino Factory study II non flip
optics, low-beta optics (down to 5 cm vs 42 cm
nominal) other absorber materials He, Li, LiH,
etc.. LN2 cooled RF cavities
B. with additional hardware -- A. Skrinsky to
test a lithium lense available at Novosibirsk --
Muons Inc. to test a section of helicoidal
channel (MANX)
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Conclusions
0. MICE will be taking data in 166 days 1. The
collaboration is making excellent progress in all
fronts Simulations, RD, engineering,
prototyping and construction The funding for
phase I is complete, but manpower is never in
excess US contributions have been fundamental
since the start of MICE (concept,engineering) and
continue to be (detectors, electronics) 2.
MICE will start phase I data taking in
summer/fall 2007 Steps I, II, III will allow beam
tuning, first measurement of emittance and
verification of systematics. 3. The funding
for phase II is submitted and under review. The
MUCOOL RD is critical to the continuation of the
experiment and suffers from the lack of a
coupling coil NOW. 4. MICE phase II requires 2
RFCC modules and 3 AFC modules to allow full
benefit from MICE until step VI. 5. Our aim is
to assure that step VI can be performed in good
time for 2010. MUTAC support will be highly
valuable for this.
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• Intense K physics
• Intense Low-E muons
• Neutrino Factory
• Higgs(es) Factory(ies)
• Energy Frontier -gt 5 TeV

circa 1997-1999 US, Europe, Japan
Possible layout of a muon complex on the CERN
site.
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Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment MICE
FIRST BEAM IN OCTOBER 2007
Final PID TOF Calorimeter
Demonstrate feasibility and performance of a
section of cooling channel by 2010
4T spectrometer II
Status Approved at RAL(UK) First beam
10-2007 Funded in UK,CH,It,JP,NL,US Further
requests JP,UK,US, PRChina
Cooling cell (10) b5-45cm, liquid H2, RF
4T spectrometer I
TOF
Single-m beam 200 MeV/c
Liquid-hydrogen absorbers
Prototyping
200MHz RF cavity with beryllium windows
Scintillating-fiber tracker
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MICE is an international effort from the start.
NUFACT00 2000-2001 NUFACT01 700 am Sept. 2001 November 2001 January 2002 June 2002 January 2003 July 2003 October 2003 December 2003 June 2004 20 December 2004 March 2005 April 2005 June 2006 July 2006 October 2007 Re-activated the recognized need for muon cooling expt Workshops on Cooling Experiment (CERN, Chicago, London) Steering group formed Workshop at CERN where final experiment took shape. Letter of Intent (LOI) submitted to PSI and RAL PSI cannot host experiment, will collaborate (beam solenoid) RAL IPRP Review Panel encouraged submission of a proposal Proposal submitted Recommendation by International Peer Review Panel Scientific approval letter by RAL CEO John Wood Gateway 1 review Gateway 1 passed on amber Gateway 2/3 passed (MICE PHASE I) UK phase I funding approved by PPARC and CCLRC 9.7 M US NFMCC proposes a 5-year plan to fund MICE Harbin ICST joins MICE collaboration UK phase II bid submitted . First beam in MICE step I
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THE MICE COLLABORATION -128 collaborators-

• Universite Catholique de Louvain, Belgium
• University of Sofia, Bulgaria
• The Harbin Institute for Super Conducting
  Technologies PR China
• INFN Milano, INFN Napoli, INFN Pavia, INFN Roma
  III, INFN Trieste, Italy
• KEK, Kyoto University, Osaka University, Japan
• NIKHEF, The Netherlands
• CERN
• Geneva University, Paul Scherrer Institut
  Switzerland

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Internal MICE Organization
numbers of meetings per year
MICE charter was voted in 2003. Spokesperson
election concluded 15/4/2007
Technical Board 12 Project manager Paul
Drumm Deputies Bross, Lau, Virostek management
of the project reports to EB spokesperson deput
y software coord. level 2 WBS
coordinators enforces design and safety
reviews change control documents exp.design
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Executive Board 12 spokesperson deputy Project
manager software coord. analysis coord. 2 reps
from UK,US,EU,JP manages collaboration
life nominates personels prepares decisions for
CB
Collaboration board 1 rep/institute elects
spokesperson reviews EB activity votes on
decisions prepared by EB chair Dan Kaplan (IIT)
3 collaboration meetings/yr 1 video conf/month
Installation/Commissionning/Operations (MICO)
NEW 1 representative of each MICE subsystem
Speakers bureau Chair Ken Long
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Editorial board Chair Dan Kaplan
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solicits talks at conferences and proposes
speakers
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Analysis forum Chair John Cobb
controls quality of publications proposes
publication policy
discusses how to achieve the physics goals of
the experiment
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RF cavity test at fermilab
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201MHz cavity in magnetic field?

• At this point we do not know if a 200 MHz cavity
  can operate reliably with 4T fields from the
  focus pairs
• Performance of NUFACT is strongly affected by
  this (muon decays!)
• NUFACT performance assumes 12 MV/m
• MICE normal operation is 8MV/m (8MW on 8 cavities
  at room Temp)
• MICE can reach 12 MV/m this by cooling all
  cavities with LiqN2
• MICE can reach up to 16MV/m (8MW on 2 cavities or
  4 LiqN2-cooled)

MUCOOL single cavity can reach 16 MV/m but
present MUCOOL magnet only allows 0.2T on window
with very divergent B field will be tried anyway
- instrum. ready
strong multipactor was observed in 800 MHz
cavity--gt
What is really needed here is MUCOOL Coupling coil
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Total channel length 10 m Total energy 10-15
MJ Z axis muon beam injection LHe absorber
inside the channel LHe vessel diameter 1.1
m Outer diameter 1.4 m LHe volume (1.1m dia.)
10 m³ LHe volume absorber (0.5m dia.) 3 m³
Front end 3 m matching section
4 m Cooling Channel
Far end 3 m matching section