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HANTAviroses. Sonia Mara Raboni. 2005. Laborat rio de Virologia Hospital de Cl nicas da UFPR. IBMP Instituto de Biologia Molecular do Paran . Genus Human disease ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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1
HANTAviroses
Sonia Mara Raboni 2005
Laboratório de Virologia Hospital de Clínicas
da UFPR IBMP Instituto de Biologia Molecular do
Paraná
2
Family Bunyaviridae
5 genera, 250 species
Genus Human disease Bunyavirus LaCrosse
encephalitis, others Phlebovirus Rift Valley
fever, sandfly fever Nairovirus Crimean-Congo
hemorrhagic fever Tospovirus Plant virus, no
known human disease Hantavirus Hemorrhagic fever
with renal syndrome Hantavirus pulmonary
syndrome

3
HANTAVIRUS
  • 80 120 nm
  • Genoma s/s
  • Capacidade de codificação
  • L 8,5 kb / L, ?
  • M 5,7 kb / G1, G2
  • S 1,9 kb / N
  • Linear
  • RNA genômico não infecioso

4
Characteristics of Hantaviruses
  • No arthropod vector established
  • Unique among genera of Bunyaviridae
  • Rodent hosts
  • Genus and possibly species specific
  • Transmission
  • Aerosolization of rodent excreta

5
Transmission of Hantaviruses
Chronically infected rodent
Horizontal transmission of infection by
intraspecific aggressive behavior
Virus also present in throat swab and feces
Virus is present in aerosolized excreta,
particularly urine
Secondary aerosols, mucous membrane contact, and
skin breaches are also a consideration
6
New York Peromyscus leucopus
Sin Nombre Peromyscus maniculatus
Prospect Hill Microtus pennsylvanicus
Muleshoe Sigmodon hispidus
Bloodland Lake Microtus ochrogaster
Isla Vista Microtus californicus
Bayou Oryzomys palustris
Black Creek Canal Sigmodon hispidus
El Moro Canyon Reithrodontomys megalotis
Rio Segundo Reithrodontomys mexicanus
Caño Delgadito Sigmodon alstoni
Laguna Negra Calomys laucha
Juquitiba Unknown Host
Rio Mamore Oligoryzomys microtis
Orán Oligoryzomys longicaudatus
Bermejo Oligoryzomys chacoensis
Andes Oligoryzomys longicaudatus
7
Peromyscus maniculatus Deer mouse
Sigmodon hispidus Cotton rat
8
Hantavirus Pulmonary SyndromePathogenesis
  • Funcional derangement of vascular endothelium
  • No cytopathic effects
  • Immunopathologic
  • Mediated by cytokine responses
  • Pulmonary and cardiac effects
  • Thrombocytopenia
  • ? consumption
  • sequestration (RE system)

9
Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome
Clinical Presentation
10
Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome Physical
Examination
  • Tachypnea
  • Tachycardia
  • Hypotension
  • Crackles or rales on lung examination

11
Hantavirus Pulmonary SyndromeRadiographic
Findings
  • Bilateral interstitial infiltrates
  • moderate to rapid progression
  • Bilateral alveolar infiltrates
  • Pleural effusion

12
Radiographic Progression of HPS in the Lungs
May 27, 1993
May 30, 1993
May 31, 1993
Source Dr. L. Ketai
13
Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome
Common Laboratory Findings
Chemistry Low albumin Elevated LDH Elevated AST
(SGOT) Elevated ALT (SGPT)
Hematology Low platelet count Atypical
lymphocytes (immunoblasts) Left shift on WBC
differential Elevated hematocrit Elevated WBC
14
Clinical Progression of HPS
Prodrome
Cardiorespiratory
Convalescence
Fever
Pulmonary
edema
Shock
Diuresis



Immunoblasts








Platelets







HCT













AST









LDH
3-6 days
7-10 days
15
HPS Management
  • Early aggressive intensive care
  • Early use of inotropic agents (Dobutamine)
  • Early ventilation
  • Careful monitoring
  • Oxygenation
  • Fluid balance
  • Blood pressure

16
Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome
Laboratory-confirmed Diagnosis
  • Serology
  • IgM
  • IgG
  • Immunohistochemistry
  • Reverse transcription and polymerase chain
    reaction (RT-PCR)

17
Rodent Exposure
70 confirmed HPS cases
  • Peridomestic exposure
  • Peridomestic occupational exposure
  • Peridomestic recreational exposure
  • Occupational exposure
  • Entering/cleaning rodent-infested structures

69 (48/70) 19 (13/70) 9 (6/70) 4 (3/70)
9 (6/70)
Armstrong, L.R. et al., JID 1995 172 (October)
18
Prevalence of SNV IgG Antibodies in Select U.S.
Populations
Risk group Forest workers1 Health care
workers2 Prodromal HPS3 Contacts4 Rural
OCC5 Rodent workers6 Total
Location/time SW US, 1993 SW US, 1993 SW US,
1993 SW US, 1993 SW US, 1994 US, 1994
Positive/tested () 0/143 0/396 3/299
(1.0) 3/239 (1.3) 1/522 (0.2) 8/932
(0.9) 15/2531 (0.6)
2. Vitek et al, 1996
3. Simonsen et al, 1995
1. Vitek et al, 1996
4. Zeitz et al, 1995
5. Zeitz et al, 1995
6. Armstrong et al, 1995
19
Prevalence of SNV IgG Antibodies in Select South
American Populations
  • Country Positive/tested () Time
  • Paraguay1 44/345 (12.8) 1995
  • Western Paraguay2 78/193 (40.4) 1993
  • (Indian Population)
  • Argentina3 lt1 1996
  • Salta Province2 38/222 (17.1) 1993
  • (Indian Population)
  • Chile3 2-13 1997
  • 1. Williams, 1997 2. Ferrer, 1998 3.
    Peters, 1998 Weissenbacher, 1996

20
HPS Prevention
Control Mice Inside
Control Mice Outside

Use Safety Precautions
TRANSMISSÃO AÉREA
21
Safety Precautions
  • Safety
  • Label as infectious substance and/or human
    blood precautions
  • Double container with absorbent material
    sufficient for volume being sent
  • Plastic tubes preferable over glass
  • Conditions
  • Sera -- room temperature or cold pack
  • Clot or buffy coat -- dry ice
  • Fresh tissues (1-cm cubes) -- dry ice
  • Formalin-fixed tissue and blocks -- room
    temperature (don't freeze)

22
HANTAVIROSES NO BRASIL
23
HPS
  • Síndrome Pulmonar por Hantavirus
  • 1993
  • Vírus Sin Nombre
  • Brasil
  • Novembro/93 juquitiba(SP)
  • Sazonalidade ? roedores
  • Paraná
  • Maior numero de casos identificados

24
Hantavirose Casos e Óbitos, Brasil 1993-2004
Dados parciais Dez/2004. Fonte Ministério da
Saúde
25
Hantavirose Série Histórica do Paraná,
1992-2004
N111
Dados parciais. Fonte SESA/CSA/DV zoonoses e
intoxicações
26
Map of Brazil showing the state of Parana where
the HPS cases have occurred
27
Hantavirose Dados Demográficos, Paraná
1992-2004
Dados parciais. Fonte SESA/CSA/DV zoonoses e
intoxicações
28
Hantavirose Ambiente de Contaminação, Paraná,
1992-2004
Dados parciais. Fonte SESA/CSA/DV zoonoses e
intoxicações
29
Hantavirose Evolução das Ocupações, Paraná,
1992-2004
Dados parciais. Fonte SESA/CSA/DV zoonoses e
intoxicações
30
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31
Hantavirose Coleta de Roedores
N 181 ( 13,2)
Akodon sp (4 16,6)
Oligoryzomys sp (19 79,1)
Trichomys sp (1 4,1)
Fonte SESACSADV zoonoses e intoxicações
32
Hantavirose - Inquérito Soroepidemiológico
  • General Carneiro
  • N 142
  • 19,7()

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40
HANTAVIROSESPropostas
  • Investigar sorologias de contatos com pacientes
    soropositivos para analisar transmissão
    inter-humana
  • Caracterização genômica dos hantavirus detectados
    em pacientes e camundongos
  • Produção de antígeno N-recombinante para o
    desenvolvimento de ensaio para detecção
    sorológica desta infecção

41
Objetivos
Desenvolvimento de métodos de diagnóstico
laboratorial
Epidemiologia Molecular
Produção de antígeno recombinante para diagnóstico
Correlação Clínica x Molecular
Inicio 0ut/2002
42
Clinical Survey of Hantavirus in Southern Brazil
and the Development of an Specific Molecular
Diagnosis Tools Sonia M Raboni1, Gisélia
Rubio2, Luana de Borba1, Aurélio Zeferino1, Irene
Skraba3, Samuel Goldenberg1 and Claudia N Duarte
dos Santos1 1 Instituto de Biologia Molecular
do Paraná, IBMP /Fiocruz/Brazil 2 Secretaria
Estadual de Saúde do Paraná, Brazil 3
Laboratório Central do Estado do Paraná,
BrazilAm J Trop Med Hyg, 2005, in press
43
Table 1. Clinical and Laboratory Records from
Brazilian HPS Patients
44
Figure 2. Seasonal Distribution of Hantavirus
Pulmonary Syndrome, 1998-2004, Paraná State,
Brazil
1998
1999
2002
2000
2001
2003
2004
45
nRT-PCR S Segment
434 pb
46
RT-PCR Nucleoproteína
434 pb
47
Table 3 nRT/PCR for hantavirus detection from
blood and clot fractions from patients with
hantavirus pulmonary syndrome
60
48
Hantaviruses in Central South America Insights
from the Phylogenetic Analysis of the S Segment
from HPS Cases in Paraná, BrazilSonia M Raboni,
MD, MSc? Christian M.Probst, MD,MSc. Juliano
Bordignon, MSc Aurélio Zeferino Claudia N.
Duarte dos Santos, PhD.Instituto de Biologia
Molecular do Paraná, IBMP /Fiocruz/Brazil?
Universidade Federal do Paraná, BrazilJ Med
Virol, 2005, in press
49
HAN
Hantaan Seoul Dobrava
SEO
DOB
ILV1
MO46
PHV
Puumala Prospect Hill
TUL
PUU
TOP
KHU
BAY
MUL
BCC
PRG
MAC
Prg Mac
OWR
ACRF
ACB
LPM
JM
AS
LNA
CAN
DA
Paraná
GFE
APM
VS
BER
LEC
Hu39694
ORN
AND Nort
9717869
Ber Lec
9718133
CHI 7913
AH 1
Andes
LN
OM 556
RM 97
RMx 1
CC107
LNV
CC074
SN 77734
NM H10
NM R11
MON
H NY1
RI 1
NYa
0.1
SNV
50
Brazil Hantavirus Recombinant Nucleoprotein
51
Objectives
  • Produce a recombinant antigen to detect IgM
    antibodies against hantavirus by immunoblot
    and/or capture ELISA
  • The development of region-specific antigens
    should be undertaken to improve serological
    reactivity

52
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53
Ensaio ImunoenzimáticoIgG
54
EIE IgG AMOSTRAS IgM POSITIVAS
N 19
47 de positividade
Soroteca IBMP
55
IgG AMOSTRAS IgM POSITIVAS
  • Positivas
  • Coleta (dias)
  • Media 4 dias
  • Negativas
  • Coleta (dias)
  • Media 5,4 dias
  • Observar
  • Amostras com resultados de IgG desconhecidos
  • Períodos de coleta variados
  • Sem coleta de segunda amostra para avaliar
    soroconversão
  • Maior parte das amostras coágulos ou material
    hemolisado

56
IgG AMOSTRAS IgM POSITIVAS
57
IgG Estudo Soroepidemiológicode General Carneiro
N 107
N 82
58
IgG Estudo Soroepidemiológicode General Carneiro
N 14
  • 82 Amostras testadas pelos dois kits
  • 14 amostras tiveram resultados discordantes
  • Repetido estes testes pelo kit IBMP e pelo kit
    Pergamino (Argentina)

59
IgG Estudo Soroepidemiológicode General Carneiro
  • 11 amostras foram selecionadas para teste de
    imunoblotting
  • Todos os resultados foram concordantes com os
    testes IBMP e Pergamino

60
IgG Estudo Soroepidemiológicode General
Carneiro - Conclusão
  • PELO TESTE IBMP
  • Prevalência de 8,4 (9/107) de anticorpos IgG
    anti-hantavirus na população de General Carneiro.
  • CONSIDERANDO COMO VERDADEIRO POSITIVO OS
    RESULTADOS CONCORDANTES EM 2 TESTES E O WESTERN
    BLOT PARA OS RESULTADOS DISCORDANTES TEM-SE (Em
    82 amostras analisadas por pelo menos 2 testes)
  • )

Neste estudo S 100 e E 100
61
IgG Doadores de Sangue
N 305
Cut off Média DO 3x Desvio padrão Indeterminado
10 acima ou abaixo do Cut off.
Soroteca Hospital de Clínicas - UFPR
62
IgG Doadores de Sangue
  • 30 soros que tiveram absorbância acima de 0,2
    foram repetidas com o kit IBMP
  • 18 mantiveram absorbância acima de 0,2 na
    repetição.
  • 17 destas foram avaliadas pelo teste de
    imunoblotting
  • 3 amostras foram positivas

63
IgG Doadores de Sangueimunoblotting
64
Ensaio ImunoenzimáticoIgM (em fase de
padronização)
65
IgM Comparação de amostras da Soroteca do IBMP
N 38
  • Das 13 amostras negativas
  • 5 amostras eram de casos negativos
  • As outras 8 amostras negativas foram repetidas
    com kit IBMP, Pergamino e Focus
  • 6 foram negativas
  • 1 negativa IBMP e positiva pelos outros 2 kits
  • 1 negativa IBMP e Pergamino, mas indeterminada
    com kit Focus

66
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