Attention and Consciousness

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Chapter 3

• Attention and Consciousness

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Attention

• . . . the means by which we actively process a
  limited amount of information from the enormous
  amount of information available through our
  senses, our stored memories, and our other
  cognitive processes (p. 66)

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Consciousness

• . . . more directly concerned with awareness
  it includes both the feeling of awareness and the
  content of awareness, some of which may be under
  the focus of attention (p. 67)

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Preconscious Processing

• Priming

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Preconscious Processing

• Priming
• Tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon

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Controlled versus Automatic Processes

• Automatic processes no conscious control

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Controlled versus Automatic Processes

• Automatic processes no conscious control
• Controlled processes conscious control

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Slips Associated with Automatic Processes

• Capture errors

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Slips Associated with Automatic Processes

• Capture errors
• Omissions

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Slips Associated with Automatic Processes

• Capture errors
• Omissions
• Perseverations

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Slips Associated with Automatic Processes

• Capture errors
• Omissions
• Perseverations
• Description errors

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Slips Associated with Automatic Processes

• Capture errors
• Omissions
• Perseverations
• Description errors
• Data-driven errors

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Slips Associated with Automatic Processes

• Capture errors
• Omissions
• Perseverations
• Description errors
• Data-driven errors
• Associative-activation errors

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Slips Associated with Automatic Processes

• Capture errors
• Omissions
• Perseverations
• Description errors
• Data-driven errors
• Associative-activation errors
• Loss-of-activation errors

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Functions of Attention

• Divided attention

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Functions of Attention

• Divided attention
• Vigilance and signal detection

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Functions of Attention

• Divided attention
• Vigilance and signal detection
• Search

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Functions of Attention

• Divided attention
• Vigilance and signal detection
• Search
• Selective attention

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Theories of Feature Search

• Feature-integration theory (Triesman, 1986)

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Theories of Feature Search

• Feature-integration theory (Triesman, 1986)
• Similarity theory (Duncan Humphreys, 1989, 1992)

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Theories of Feature Search

• Feature-integration theory (Triesman, 1986)
• Similarity theory (Duncan Humphreys, 1989,
  1992)
• Guided search theory (Cave Wolfe, 1990)

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Theories of Feature Search

• Feature-integration theory (Triesman, 1986)
• Similarity theory (Duncan Humphreys, 1989,
  1992)
• Guided search theory (Cave Wolfe, 1990)
• Movement filter theory (McLeod et al., 1991)

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Theories of Selective Attention

• Filter theory (Broadbent, 1958)

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Theories of Selective Attention

• Filter theory (Broadbent, 1958)
• Selective filter theory (Moray, 1959)

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Theories of Selective Attention

• Filter theory (Broadbent, 1958)
• Selective filter theory (Moray, 1959)
• Attenuation model (Triesman, 1960, 1964)

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Theories of Selective Attention

• Filter theory (Broadbent, 1958)
• Selective filter theory (Moray, 1959)
• Attenuation model (Triesman, 1960, 1964)
• Late filter model (Deutsch Deutsch, 1963
  Norman, 1968)

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Theories of Selective Attention

• Filter theory (Broadbent, 1958)
• Selective filter theory (Moray, 1959)
• Attenuation model (Triesman, 1960, 1964)
• Late filter model (Deutsch Deutsch, 1963
  Norman, 1968)
• Neissers synthesis (Neisser, 1967)

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Cognitive Neuroscience Approaches

• Posners (1995) anterior frontal lobe and
  posterior parietal lobe identifications

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Cognitive Neuroscience Approaches

• Posners (1995) anterior frontal lobe and
  posterior parietal lobe identifications
• ERP approaches

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Cognitive Neuroscience Approaches

• Posners (1995) anterior frontal lobe and
  posterior parietal lobe identifications
• ERP approaches
• Psychopharmacological approaches