Responses of Marine Phytoplankton Blooming to Environmental Changes

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DanLing TANG
Responses of Marine Phytoplankton Blooming to
Environmental Changes
Danling Tang (Lingzis) ??? (??) Zheng GM, Zhao
H, Wang SF South China Sea Institute of
Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences,
Guangzhou, China
http//lingzis.51.net/Lingzistdl_at_126.com
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DanLing TANG
Study Area - Asian Waters
China
Scsio,Guangzhou
Goa
South China Sea
Indian ocean
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DanLing TANG
Tang et al., JGR, MEPS, JGR, JGR
Tang et al., MEPS
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DanLing TANG
Remote Sensing
lab
In situ

SST
Ocean Color
wind
SSH
Chl-a
CO2
Primary production
HAB
Dynamics of Phytoplankton bloom
fish
Nutrients, temperature, light..
upwelling
tsunami
monsoon
Sand storm/dust
typhoon
Global Changes
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PORSEC2008
Dynamics of Phytoplankton bloom
1. Nutrient 2. Water temperature 3. Water
stability..

• Short time variation - typhoon
• Long time change El Nino
• Special case - tsunami
• Occasional event sand storm

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• Typhoon
• Upwelling
• PORSEC

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PORSEC2008
1. Phytoplankton increases related to typhoon
----Short term variation
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Large area coverage
SCS
Increase with global warming
MEPS 2007
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DanLing TANG
Typhoon climatology (1951-2005) in SCS and WNP
MEPS 2007
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DanLing TANG
What is the effect upon marine ecosystem?
Strong wind
Heavy loss upon human society
Heavy rain
MEPS 2007
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How do typhoon affect phytoplankton ?
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DanLing TANG

• In situ data
• Where
• When
• Winds
• Satellite remote sensing - advantages
• Try

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DanLing TANG
Track of Typhoon Damrey, Sep 2005
24
N
Taiwan Island
Central Press. (hPa)
MSW (knots)
China
S
50 m
22
500 m
80 75 70 65 60 55 50 45 40 30
955 960 965 970 975 980 985 990 995 1000
Luzon Strait
1000 m
Gulf of Tonkin
100 m
a
20
Sep 24
Sep 23
Sep 27
Hainan Island
Sep 22
3000 m
Sep 25
b
Sep 26
18
Philippines
16
T1
T2
T4
T3
0320 Sep25
1430 Sep25
0330 Sep28
0315 Sep22
Vietnam
South China Sea
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105
107
109
111
113
115
117
119
121
123
Zheng and Tang, MEPS 2007
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DanLing TANG
A. Wind
China
A1. 2148, Sep 23
B. Post-typhoon Chl-a
B1. 2005
HNI
Vietnam
SCS
a
HNI
China
A2. 1023, Sep 24
b
HNI
Vietnam
SCS
China
A3. 2236, Sep 25
B2. 2002-2004
HNI
SCS
HNI
Vietnam
China
A4. 1126, Sep 26
HNI
Modis Chl-a (mg m-3)
SCS
Vietnam
QuikScat Wind Vectors (m/s)
Zheng and Tang, MEPS 2007
0
10
20
30
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DanLing TANG
A
B
C
TMI-AMSRE SST (?C)
Chl-a (mg m-3)
TRMM Rainfall (mm)
25
26
27
28
29
30
0
0.4
0.8
1.2
1.6
2.0
2.4
3.0
300
0
60
120
180
240
B1. Sep 20-21 Modis
A1. Sep 21
C1. Sep 21
A2. Sep 22
C2. Sep 22
T1
A3. Sep 23
C3. Sep 23
A4. Sep 24
C4. Sep 24
No data.
A5. Sep 25
C5. Sep 25
Sea surface cooling
Heavy rainfall
T3
T2
A6. Sep 26
C6. Sep 26
a
Zheng and Tang, MEPS 2007
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DanLing TANG
Sea surface cooling
Increases of Chl-a ----phytoplankton bloom ?
Zheng and Tang, MEPS 2007
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DanLing TANG
Sea level variation sea surface cooling
SLA
Zheng and Tang, MEPS 2007
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DanLing TANG
Typhoon wind
Wind Stress (Pa)
QuikScat
Sampling box
Multi-sensor
SLA (cm)
sea level variation
SST decrease
TMI-AMSRE
SST (ºC)
Modis
Typhoon passage
SeaWiFS
Chl-a (mg m-3)
Chl-a peak
Zheng and Tang, MEPS 2007
September
October (2005)
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DanLing TANG
Chl-a anomaly water
Parameters
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DanLing TANG
Mechanism of 2 Chl-a anomalies induced by typhoon
and typhoon rain
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1. Typhoon
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4. Typhoon rain
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2. Nutrient injection (mixing upwelling)
II.
5. Discharge
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I.
6. Current
7. Phytoplankton, SS CDOM
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16
106
108
110
112
114
116
MEPS 2007
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• 7 typhoons /year
• Primary production?
• CO2 SST?

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DanLing TANG
PORSEC2008
2 . Phytoplankton bloom Related to upwelling and
El Nino -Long time changes
Tang et al., 2004. JGR, MEPS
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Tang DanLing ???
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DanLing TANG
PORSEC2008
SCS Harmful Algal blooms HAB
KHP
Phan Ri Bay
BTP
Phan Ri Bay
B
Mekong River
South China Sea
Tang et al., 2004. JGR
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DanLing TANG
PORSEC2008
Chl-a concentrations
Tang et al., 2004. JGR
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PORSEC2008
?
Nutrient? June-July?
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Tang DanLing ???
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DanLing TANG
PORSEC2008
Wind
Oct 1999
Sep 1999
Aug 1999
Nov 1999
July 1999
a
(m s-1)
0
10
5
15
Tang et al., 2004. JGR
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DanLing TANG
PORSEC2008
Tang et al., 2004. JGR
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PORSEC2008
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5. Circulation
5
Wind
upwelling
3. Ekman Transport
3
Mekong River
2
1
River discharge
South China Sea
Tang et al., 2004. MEPS
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DanLing TANG
PORSEC2008
Chl-a in 1997 -2002
Aug 1998
June 13, 1997
Aug 1999
a
b
c
SeaWiFS Chl-a (mg m-3)
OCTS Chl-a
SeaWiFS Chl-a (mg m-3)
OCI July 9. 2001
Sep 2000
OCI July 26. 2002
e
e
d
f
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Chl-a (mg m-3)
SeaWiFS Chl-a (mg m-3)
Chl-a (mg m-3)
OCI Chl-a (mg m-3)
Tang et al., Marine Ecology Progress Series, 2004
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DanLing TANG
PORSEC2008
South China Sea
China
B
20oN
South
Luzon
a
Indo-China Peninsula
15oN
T
China
b
PRB
S
MRE
c
10oN
Zhao and Tang, JGR 2007
Sea
A
B
5o N
Indian Ocean
Borneo
?
0o N
100oE
110oE
115oE
120oE
105oE
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DanLing TANG
PORSEC2008
Chl-a
Zhao and Tang, JGR 2007
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DanLing TANG
Wind
PORSEC2008
Ekman Pumping
Zhao and Tang, JGR 2007
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DanLing TANG
PORSEC2008
SST
D. 1985-2004
A. 1998-2004
B. 1999-2004
C. 1998
AVHRR SST (?)
Zhao and Tang, JGR 2007
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DanLing TANG
PORSEC2008
Zhao and Tang, JGR 2007
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Tang DanLing ???
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PORSEC2008
Biannual Conference- 9th (2008)
3. International PORSEC2008
Pan Ocean Remote Sensing Conference
Dec 2-6, 2008
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First Announcement of PORSEC2008 Call for
sessions and conveners Homepage
http//ledweb.scsio.ac.cn/porsec2008/ Theme 
Oceanic Manifestation of Global Changes Ven
ue  Guangzhou, China Date
2-5 December 2008 Host  The South
China Sea Institute of Oceanology (SCSIO),
Chinese Academies of Science
CAS). Guangzhou, China,
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PORSEC2008
Tang DanLing ???

• (1) Satellite observation system
• Remote Sensing Research in China Satellites,
  Sensors, Data and Application (Pan DL, China
  Jiang, China)
• Development of the Disaster Monitoring Warning
  System (Tan, China Lin H, China, Hong Kong)
• Links between Physics and biology on Mesoscale
  What Satellite could provide (U. Lobarov, Russia
  Hu, USA)
• Operational Applications of Ocean Satellite
  Observations (Tony Song, USA Tang, China)
• (2) Global Changes
• Oceans Role in Global Water Cycles (Tim Liu,
  USA CT Liu, China Taiwan)
• Marine Weather system Study with passive and
  active Microwaves (Mitnik, Russia)
• Interactions between ocean and atmosphere (Gad
  Levy, USA Guang ZY, Yang R, China)
• Low-frequency Oceanic Processes and SAR
  applications (Tony Liu, USA Shu South Korea)

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Tang DanLing ???
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PORSEC2008

• (3) Natural Hazards
• Natural Hazards and the Role of Satellite
  Observations (Ramesh Singh, USA Hussain Saleh)
• Ocean-Land-Atmosphere Associated With Natural
  Hazards
• Fingerprints of atmospheric phenomena on the
  Ocean surface (Alpers water)
• Satellite based air-sea flux estimates (Katsaros
  K, USA)
• High-resolution SST and its regional/global
  applications (Kawamura H, Japan Guang L, China)
• (4) Coastal environment
• Analysis of satellite water color data in high
  sediment/in silt-laden waters (Jim Gower, Canada
  Zhang YZ, China, Hong Kong)
• Coastal Ecosystems Carbon Sources or Sinks?
  (Miguel Fortes, Thailand Dai MH, China)
• Marine geographic information system (Wang Y,
  China)

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Tang DanLing ???
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PORSEC2008

• (5) Workshops and Training
• Workshop on South China Sea and Indian Ocean
  (Wang, China Dileep Kumar, Indian)
• Workshop on Data Sampling, Coordination and
  Sharing (Oh IS, South Korea Tang, China)
• Poster sessions (Ramaiah, Indian Yu ZJ,
  USA)   a. Posters presentations     b. Poster
  exhibition for remote sensing research technology
  and instrument.
• Training or tutorial courses for students and
  yang scientists

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Announcements
Tang DanLing ???
http//lingzis.51.net/
PORSEC2008
1. Zero poresc2008 in China
http//lingzis.51.net/PORSECGZ2008.htm 2. 1st
Call for sessions and conveners 3. 2nd Call for
abstract / paper (Dec 2007)
http//ledweb.scsio.ac.cn/porsec2008/ http
//porsec.nwra.com http//lingzis.51.net
Dec 2-6, 2008
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Tang DanLing ???
DanLing TANG
Thank You!
Welcome to PROSEC2008
???
DanLing TANG (lingzis)