Deploying an Extensible Presentation Layer With XML

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Title: Deploying an Extensible Presentation Layer With XML

1
Deploying an Extensible Presentation Layer With
XML
Software AG The XML Company Steve Hamby, IT
Architect 404-441-4498
2
Objectives

Define Extensible Presentation Layer
Provide Overview of XML-related Standards
Discuss XSL (XSLT and XSL-FO) and Provide
Examples
Discuss XQuery and Provide Examples
Discuss XForms and Provide Examples
Discuss WebDAV

3
Extensible Presentation Layer

Allows various defined XML documents to be
presented in multiple formats depending on device
capabilities, user preferences, and system
requirements
Extensible
Reusable
Document changes
Multiple devices / transports

4
Why XML ?

Added context to data
What is data
What are relationships within that data
Extensible
Separation of Structure, Content, and
Presentation
Subset of SGML
Great for managing content
Can represent any data and publish to various
formats
Integrate multimedia
Provide XML-based markups for images, math, etc

5
XML Separates Document Components
Presentation
Structure
ABC
Content
Text
Pictures
6
PUBLISH ... to different devices and layouts
Mobile Devices
7
Objectives

Define Extensible Presentation Layer
Provide Overview of XML-related Standards
Discuss XSL (XSLT and XSL-FO) and Provide
Examples
Discuss XQuery and Provide Examples
Discuss XForms and Provide Examples
Discuss WebDAV

8
XML Presentation Standards

CC/PP (Composite Capabilities/Preference
Profiles) standard for providing a description
of device capabilities and user preferences that
can be used to guide the adaptation of content
presented to that device
InkML an XML data format for representing
digital ink data that is input with an electronic
pen or stylus as part of a multimodal system
Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language
(SMIL, pronounced "smile") enables simple
authoring of interactive audiovisual
presentations to include "rich media"/multimedia
presentations which integrate streaming audio and
video with images, text or any other media type
Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) a language for
describing two-dimensional graphics and graphical
applications in XML

9
XML Presentation Standards

VoiceXML a language for creating audio dialogs
that feature synthesized speech, digitized audio,
recognition of spoken and DTMF key input,
recording of spoken input, telephony, and mixed
initiative conversations
CCXML Call Control
SSML Speech Synthesis
SRGS Speech Recognition Grammar
Semantic Interpretation
XHTML HTML functionality with XML extensibility
Timed Text Authoring Format covers all
necessary aspects of timed text on the Web to
include the real time subtitling of
foreign-language movies on the Web, captioning
for people lacking audio devices or having
hearing impairments, karaoke, scrolling news
items or teleprompter applications

10
CC/PP Example
lt?xml version"1.0"?gt ltrdfRDF xmlnsrdf"http//w
ww.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns
xmlnsccpp"http//www.w3.org/2002/11/08-ccpp-sche
ma" xmlnsex"http//www.example.com/schema"
gt ltrdfDescription rdfabout"http//www.examp
le.com/profileMyProfile"gt
ltccppcomponentgt ltrdfDescription
rdfabout"http//www.example.com/profileTerminal
Hardware"gt ltrdftype
rdfresource"http//www.example.com/schemaHardwa
rePlatform" /gt
ltexdisplayWidthgt320lt/exdisplayWidthgt
ltexdisplayHeightgt200lt/exdisplayHeightgt
lt/rdfDescriptiongt
lt/ccppcomponentgt ltccppcomponentgt
ltrdfDescription rdfabout"http//www.example.
com/profileTerminalSoftware"gt
ltexnamegtEPOClt/exnamegt
ltexversiongt2.0lt/exversiongt
ltexvendorgtSymbianlt/exvendorgt
lt/rdfDescriptiongt lt/ccppcomponentgt
ltccppcomponentgt ltrdfDescription
rdfabout"http//www.example.com/profileTerminal
Browser"gt ltccppdefaults
rdfresource"http//www.example.com/terminalProfi
leUADefault" /gt lt/rdfDescriptiongt
lt/ccppcomponentgt lt/rdfDescriptiongt lt/rdf
RDFgt
11
Objectives

Define Extensible Presentation Layer
Provide Overview of XML-related Standards
Discuss XSL (XSLT and XSL-FO) and Provide
Examples
Discuss XQuery and Provide Examples
Discuss XForms and Provide Examples
Discuss WebDAV

12
XSL

eXtensible Stylesheet Language The W3C
Recommendation for a language for expressing
stylesheets
Consists of
Transformation (XSLT) transform XML documents
Formatting Objects (XSL-FO) specify formatting
semantics
XML Path Language (XPath) expression language
used by XSLT (and XLink, XQuery, and other specs)
to access or refer to parts of an XML document
XSLT is processing oriented FO is formatting
oriented
Either linked or called

13
XSL Stylesheet Processing
14
XSL Stylesheet Processing
15
XSL Stylesheet Processing
XSL StylesheetProcessor
16
XSLT Syntax

ltxslapply-templatesgt Process children of current
node
ltxslapply-templates select".."gt Process
specified nodes
ltxslfor-each select".."gt Iterative processing
ltxslif test"expression"gt Conditional processing
ltxslchoosegt Decide structure
ltxslwhen test"expr"gt Element of Decide
structure
ltxslotherwisegt "else" processing
ltxslsortgt Process child nodes in sorted order
ltxslvalue-of select".."gt Insert text

17
Anatomy of an XSLT Stylesheets
XSL Stylesheet
XML Tree
ltxsltemplate match"pattern"gt lt/xsltemplategt
1. Pattern matching
18
Loopsxslfor-each
catalog
cruise
cruise
match
yachtname
cruisedescription
route
price
for-each select
harbor
harbor
harbor
value-of
ZAKYNTHOS
HERA
ATHENS
19
Loopsxslfor-each
ltxsltemplate match"route"gt ltxslfor-each
select"harbor"gt ltligt ltxslvalue-of
select"." /gt lt/ligt lt/xslfor-eachgt lt/xslte
mplategt

ltxslfor-each select"pattern"gt
Note loop handling for display with HTML.

20
Decide Structuresxslif
ltxsltemplate match"route"gt ltxslfor-each
select"harbor"gt ltxslif test"position()1"gt
Start-harbor ltxslvalue-of select"."
/gt lt/xslifgt lt/xslfor-eachgt lt/xsltemplategt

ltxslif test"pattern"gt.lt/xslifgt

21
xslchoose with When and Otherwise
ltxsltemplate match"route"gt ltxslfor-each
select"harbor"gt ltxslchoosegt ltxslwhen
test"position()1"gt start-harbor
ltxslvalue-of select"."/gt lt/xslwhengt
ltxslwhen test"position()last()"gt
Dest.-harborltxslvalue-of select"."/gt
lt/xslwhengt ltxslotherwisegt Stopover
ltxslvalue-of select"."/gt lt/xslotherwisegt
lt/xslchoosegt lt/xslfor-eachgt lt/xsltemplate
gt
22
xslsort
ltxsltemplate match"ncatalog"gt
ltxslapply-templates select"cruise" gt
ltxslsort select"price" /gt ltxslsort
select"sharbor" /gt lt/xslapply-templates gt
lt/xsltemplategt

xslsort has the following attributes
select specifies the sort area default is "."
order ascending/descending
lang language of the sort keys
data-type data type of the sort key (Text/Number)
case-order upper-first/lower-first default
language-dependent)

23
xslvariableSum Function
ltxsltemplate match"ncatalog"gt ltxslvariable
name"price" select"ncruise/newprice" /gt
ltxslapply-templates/gt ltp/gt lthr/gt Total
of prices ltbgtltxslvalue-of select"sum(price)
" /gtlt/bgt lt/xsltemplategt
Definition
ltxslvariable name"price" select"ncruise/newpric
e"/gt ltxslvalue-of select"sum(price)" /gt
Usage with sum function
24
Count Function
ltxsltemplate match"ncatalog"gt
ltxslapply-templates select"ncruise" /gt
ltBRgtltBgt ltxslvalue-of select"count(ncruise)"
/gt lt/Bgt cruisesltBgt ltxslvalue-of
select"count(ncruisenewprice gt 680)" /gt
lt/Bgt cruises have a price more than 680.
lt/BRgt lt/xsltemplategt

count(node) number

25
XSLT Stylesheet Example
ltxslstylesheet xmlnsxsl"http//www.w3.org/TR/WD
-xsl"gt ltxsltemplate match"/"gt ltHTMLgt
ltHEADgtltTITLEgtWeather Reportlt/TITLEgtlt/HEADgt
ltBODYgtltH1gtWeather Reportlt/H1gt
ltxslfor-each select"//Weather-Report"gt
ltPgtltxslapply-templates/gtlt/Pgt
lt/xslfor-eachgt lt/BODYgt lt/HTMLgt lt/xsltempla
tegt ltxsltemplate matchtemperaturegt
ltxslvalue-of /gtltBR/gt lt/xsltemplategt lt/xslstyles
heetgt
26
XSL-FO

2nd part of XSL
Describes how XML will look
Is an intermediate form between media-neutral XML
and media-dependent output
Defines four basic area types
regions
block areas
line areas
inline areas
Defines many formatting objects and properties

27
Basic Structure of the Formatting Tree
foroot
fodeclarations
folayout-master-set
fopage-sequence
fotitle
fosimple-page-master
fostatic-content
foflow
fopage-sequence-master
28
Formatting Tree Structure
29
Formatting Objects Concept
ltforootgt
Definition of layout and page geometry
ltfolayout-master-setgt
ltfosimple-page-master master-name"cover"
gt
lt/fosimple-page-mastergt
ltfopage-sequence-master master-name"contents"gt
Page control by conditions
ltfoconditional-page-master-reference
master-name"page-even" odd-or-even"even" /gt
lt/fosimple-page-mastergt
lt/folayout-master-setgt
Content that is distributed to the pages (static
and flow content)
ltfopage-sequence master-name"cover"gt
lt/fopage-sequencegt
ltfopage-sequence master-name"contents"gt
lt/fopage-sequencegt
lt/forootgt
30
Areas
This shows block and inline areas for Hebrew
31
Areas
32
XSL-FO Formatting Objects

fobasic-link
fobidi-override
foblock
foblock-container
focharacter
focolor-profile
foconditional-page-master-reference
fodeclarations
foexternal-graphic
fofloat
foflow
fofootnote
fofootnote-body
foinitial-property-set
foinline
foinline-container
foinstream-foreign-object
folayout-master-set
foleader

folist-block
folist-item
folist-item-body
folist-item-label
fomarker
fomulti-case
fomulti-properties
fomulti-property-set
fomulti-switch
fomulti-toggle
fopage-number
fopage-number-citation
fopage-sequence
fopage-sequence-master
foregion-after
foregion-before
foregion-body
foregion-end
foregion-start

forepeatable-page-master-alternatives
forepeatable-page-master-reference
foretrieve-marker
foroot
fosimple-page-master
fosingle-page-master-reference
fostatic-content
fotable
fotable-and-caption
fotable-body
fotable-caption
fotable-cell
fotable-column
fotable-footer
fotable-header
fotable-row
fotitle
fowrapper

33
XSL-FO Example
lt?xml version"1.0"?gt ltforoot
xmlnsfo"http//www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Format"gt
ltfolayout-master-setgt ltfosimple-page-master
master-name"only"gt ltforegion-body/gt
lt/fosimple-page-mastergt lt/folayout-master-se
tgt ltfopage-sequence master-name"only"gt
ltfoflow flow-name"xsl-region-body"gt
ltfoblock font-size"20pt" font-family"serif"
line-height"30pt"gt Hydrogen lt/foblockgt
ltfoblock font-size"20pt" font-family"serif"
line-height"30pt" gt Helium lt/foblockgt
lt/foflowgt lt/fopage-sequencegt lt/forootgt
34
Hello World XSL-FO Example

lt?xml version"1.0" encoding"iso-8859-1"?gt
ltforoot xmlnsfo"http//www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Form
at"gt
ltfolayout-master-setgt
ltfosimple-page-master master-name"my-page"gt
ltforegion-body margin"1in"/gt
lt/fosimple-page-mastergt
lt/folayout-master-setgt
ltfopage-sequence master-reference"my-page"gt
ltfoflow flow-name"xsl-region-body"gt
ltfoblockgtHello, world!lt/foblockgt
lt/foflowgt
lt/fopage-sequencegt
lt/forootgt

35
XSL Example
lt?xml version"1.0" encoding"ISO-8859-1"?gt ltxsls
tylesheet xmlnsxsl"http//www.w3.org/1999/XSL/T
ransform" version"1.0" xmlnsfo"http//www.
w3.org/1999/XSL/Format"gt ltxsloutput
encoding"ISO-8859-1" indent"yes"/gt ltxsltemplat
e match "/"gt ltforoot xmlnsfo"http//www.w3.or
g/1999/XSL/Format"gt lt!-- defines page layout
--gt ltfolayout-master-set gt lt!-- layout
for the first page --gt ltfosimple-page-master
master-name"only"
page-height"11in"
page-width"8.5in"
margin-top"0.5in"
margin-bottom"0.75in"
margin-left"0.75in"
margin-right"0.75in"gt
36
End of Presentation on XSL
The remainder of this portion of the presentation
is for your use as a reference on XPath
37
XMLTree (Presentation)
/
ltxsltemplate match"/catalog/cruise" /gt
catalog
_at_cruiseid
_at_status
cruise
cruise
ltxsl value-of select"price"/gt
yacht
description
route
skipper
price
description
image
image
name
name
ltxslapply-templates select "route/harbor "/gt
_at_file
_at_file
harbor
b-date
e-date
image
harbor
_at_file
38
XPath Expressions
ltxsltemplate match"/catalog/cruise" /gt ltxsl
value-of select"price"/gt ltxslapply-templates
select "route/harbor"/gt lt/xsltemplategt
XPath-EXPRESSION
39
Context Nodes and Location Paths
/
Context node yacht
catalog
_at_cruiseid
_at_status
cruise
cruise
ltxsltemplate match"name"gt
yacht
description
route
skipper
price
description
image
image
name
name
_at_file
_at_file
harbor
b-date
e-date
image
harbor
_at_file
40
Context Nodes and Location Paths
/
Context node yacht
catalog
_at_cruiseid
_at_status
cruise
cruise
ltxsltemplate match"//name"gt
yacht
description
route
skipper
price
name
description
image
image
name
name
_at_file
_at_file
harbor
b-date
e-date
image
harbor
_at_file
41
Absolute and Relative Location Paths
Match document
ltxsltemplate match"/"gt "When you start
processing the document do
... ltxsltemplate match"cruise"gt "When you
get to a cruise element do
..." ltxsltemplate match"//cruise"gt ltxslt
emplate match"yacht skipper"gt "When you get
to either a yacht element or a
skipper element do ..."
Match by name
Match several names
42
Absolute and Relative Location Paths
Match with parent
ltxsltemplate match"cruise/price"gt "When you
get to a price element that has a
cruise element as a parent do
..." ltxsltemplate match"catalog//harbor"gt "When
you get to a harbor element that has
a catalog as an ancestor do
..." ltxsltemplate match"cruise/"gt "When you
get to any element that is an
immediate child of cruise do ...."
Match with an ancestor
Wildcard match
43
Axes

/
left of element Parent Element
right of element Child Elements
//
left of element Ancestors (higher in the
hierarchy))
right of element Descendants (lower in the
hierarchy)
Examples
catalog/title
catalog//title
catalog//title
.//title
./title
../title

44
Axes Example
/
catalog
year
title
chapter
title
date
section
author
title
para
title
45
Axes

Terminology

46
Filters and Operators

Existence of a child node
Value of a child node
Existence of an attribute node
Value of an attribute node
A combination of these situations

cruiseskipper
cruiseprice lt 10000
cruise_at_status
cruise_at_status 'available'
cruise_at_status 'available'and price lt 10000
47
Arithmetic Operators
Price - _at_discount

AdditiveExpr
MultiplicativeExpr

price 3
price count(skipper)
price div 2
position() mod 2 0
48
PatternsMatching Attributes
ltxsltemplate match"cruise"gt "When you
get to a cruise element
do ..." ltxsltemplate match"cruise_at_status"gt "
When you get to a cruise
element that has an attr
ibute called status do ..." ltxsltemplate
match"cruise_at_ status 'available'"gt
"When you get
to a cruise element that
has an attribute called
status and its value is
'available' do ..."
49
Display Attributes
ltxsltemplate match"cruise_at_status'available'"gt
ltIgtStatus islt/Igt ltBgtltxslvalue-of
select"_at_status" /gtlt/Bgt ltPgtltxslvalue-of
select"sharbor" /gtlt/Pgt ltHR /gt lt/xsltemplategt
Distinction ltxslattributegt
ltIMGgt ltxslattribute name"SRC"gt
.......... lt/xslattributegt lt/IMGgt
50
Function position()
route
The parser can return the positions!
1
2
harbor
harbor
harbor
last()
harbor
ltxsltemplate match"route"gt Startharborltxslvalu
e-of select"harborposition()1"/gtltbr/gt Endharbo
rltxslvalue-of select"harborposition()last()"
/gt lt/xsltemplategt
51
PatternsMatching Positions
"harborposition()1"

is true if
the node harbor occurs and is an element node,
the expression position()1 can be evaluated and
the result yields the value "true",

"harborposition()last()"

is true if
the node harbor occurs and is an element node,
the expression position()last() can be evaluated
and the result yields the value "true"

52
Functions contains
String1 contains String2
cruisem.xml
ltxsltemplate match"cruise"gt Cruises of yachts
with AN ltxslvalue-of select"yachtcontains(nam
e,'AN')" /gt lt/xsltemplategt
Result
Cruises of yachts with AN VENTANA Cruises of
yachts with AN FLYING DUTCHMAN
53
Functions concat
ltxsltemplate match"route"gt ltxslvalue-of
select"concat(harbor1,' to ',harborposition()
last())" /gt lt/xsltemplategt
ZAKYNTHOS to ATHEN AZOREN to GRAN CANARIA
Result
Two or more expressions are possible!
54
Functions local-name, name
ltxsltemplate match"cruise"gtltP/gtltBgtCurrent
context ltxslvalue-of select"local-name()"/gt
lt/Bgt Price ltxslvalue-of select"price"/gtltbr/gt
Current context cruise Price 761 Current
context cruise Price 870 ...
Result
name() Name with Namespace Prefix
namespace-uri() URI of the Namespace
55
Functions substring
ltdescriptiongtAny text describing this cruise
5152lt/descriptiongt
ltxsltemplate match"description"gt ltxslvalue-of
select"substring(.,10)"/gt lt/xsltemplategt
Result
describing this cruise 5152
substring-after(string s1,string s2)
substring-before(string s1,string s2)
56
Functions starts-with
ltxslapply-templates select "cruisestarts-wit
h(yacht/name,'C')" /gt lt/xsltemplategt
ltxsltemplate match"yacht"gt Cruises of yachts
that start with C ltbgtltxslvalue-of
select"name" /gtlt/bgtltbr /gt lt/xsltemplategt
Result
Cruises of yachts that start with C CARMEN
Cruises of yachts that start with C CRISMADA
57
Other XPath Functions

count() Number in the node set
document() Include other document
format-number() Convert for display
key() Select nodes with key
lang() Test language attribute
not() Negation
number() Conversion into number
position() Value of context position
last() Value of context size
round() Determine integer value
string-length() Determine string length
sum() Return sum in node set
translate() Substitution of characters

58
Objectives

Define Extensible Presentation Layer
Provide Overview of XML-related Standards
Discuss XSL (XSLT and XSL-FO) and Provide
Examples
Discuss XQuery and Provide Examples
Discuss XForms and Provide Examples
Discuss WebDAV

59
XQuery

XQuery is the W3C standard XML query language.
XQuery is a superset of XPath ???
XQuery allows you to
access multiple XML documents and nodes
modify those documents or nodes
construct result sets
XQuery supports XSD data types
XQuery supports user-defined functions
XQuery supports FLWR syntax
For defines an iteration
Let variable assignment for a single iteration
Where query restriction
Return defines result set to be returned
XQuery expressions can be nested
Software AGs implementation of XQuery supports
XML document / node updates

60
XQuery Examples

Construct new document
for book in document("bib.xml")//book
where book/publisher "Addison-Wesley"
return ltbookgt
book/title,
book/author
lt/bookgt
Join multiple documents
for b in input()/bib/book,
a in input()/reviews/entry
where b/title eq a/title
return b/author

61
Example document

ltbibgt
ltbook year"1994"gt
lttitlegtTCP/IP Illustratedlt/titlegt
ltauthorgtltlastgtStevenslt/lastgtltfirstgtW.lt/firstgtlt/au
thorgt
ltpublishergtAddison-Wesleylt/publishergt
ltpricegt 65.95lt/pricegt
lt/bookgt
ltbook year"1992"gt
lttitlegtAdvanced Programming in the Unix
environmentlt/titlegt
ltauthorgtltlastgtStevenslt/lastgtltfirstgtW.lt/firstgtlt/au
thorgt
ltpublishergtAddison-Wesleylt/publishergt
ltpricegt65.95lt/pricegt
lt/bookgt
ltbook year"2000"gt
lttitlegtData on the Weblt/titlegt
ltauthorgtltlastgtAbiteboullt/lastgtltfirstgtSergelt/first
gtlt/authorgt ltauthorgtltlastgtBunemanlt/lastgtltfirstgtPete
rlt/firstgtlt/authorgt ltauthorgtltlastgtSuciult/lastgtltfirs
tgtDanlt/firstgtlt/authorgt
ltpublishergtMorgan Kaufmann Publisherslt/publishergt
ltpricegt39.95lt/pricegt
lt/bookgt

62
Results of query

ltbookgt
lttitlegtTCP/IP Illustratedlt/titlegt
ltauthorgtltlastgtStevenslt/lastgtltfirstgtW.lt/firstgtlt/au
thorgt
lt/bookgt
ltbookgt
lttitlegtAdvanced Programming in the Unix
environmentlt/titlegt
ltauthorgtltlastgtStevenslt/lastgtltfirstgtW.lt/firstgtlt/au
thorgt
lt/bookgt

63
Objectives

Define Extensible Presentation Layer
Provide Overview of XML-related Standards
Discuss XSL (XSLT and XSL-FO) and Provide
Examples
Discuss XQuery and Provide Examples
Discuss XForms and Provide Examples
Discuss WebDAV

64
XForms

Separates Form Presentation from Purpose
Decoupled Data, Logic, and Presentation
Allows for Flexible Forms
Seamless Integration With Other XML Tag Sets
Improved Internationalization
Support for structured form data
Advanced forms logic
Multiple forms per page, and pages per form
Suspend and Resume support
XSD Data Types
Many Implementations . In recent months
XForms is W3C's name for a specification of Web
forms that can be used with a wide variety of
platforms including desktop computers, handhelds,
information appliances, and even paper