Examples of mutualism

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Mutualism
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Questions about mutualism

• Are partners typically similar or dissimilar?
  Why?
• How might the relationship have evolved?
• In what environments is mutualism most likely to
  occur?
• What are benefits to each partner?
• What are costs?

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Plant/pollinator
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Cycad/beetle
Example of facultative mutualism
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Yucca and . . .
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Yucca moth
Adult moth on stigma
Larvae in seed chambers
Example of obligate mutualism (with some
predation)
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Mycorrhizae plant/fungus
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Effects of mycorrhizal association
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Termites/protist/bacteria
Link to termite co-symbionts page
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Lichens fungus/algae
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Coral/dinoflagellates( zooxanthellae)
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Honeyguide/humans
Latin name Indicator indicator