PRESENTATION ON

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PRESENTATION ON INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL
STRATEGIESTHE CASE OF HYDERABAD
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OVERALL OBJECTIVES
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• Ambient Air Quality (EPTRI)
• Emissions Inventory
• Air Quality Modeling studies
• Cost benefit Analysis

PROJECT COMPONENTS

• Transportation studies including Planning
• Efforts and Issues (RITES)
• Health Effects of Air Quality and Economic
• Valuation of Health Effects (IHS)
• Outreach Programme
• General education programme Hyderabad Air
  Public Awareness Campaign (Winrock International)
• Private sector campaign - Industrial Energy
  Savings Measures (CII, Hyderabad)

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Air Emissions Inventory Development

• Data collected from regional PCB offices in the
  study area for over 550 industries registered
  with APPCB.
• Data collected for each industry includes type of
  fuel used, quantity of fuel, stack test data,
  control equipment information, etc.
• Base year for inventory is CY 2001.
• Stack test data and emissions factors used to
  estimate PM 10 and GHG emissions from fuel usage.
• GHG emission factors for India obtained from
  international council of local environmental
  initiatives (ICLEI).
• PM 10 emission factors obtained from various
  sources USEPA AP-42 document, World Bank Study
  (Rapid Assessment Method, and WHO EFs.

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Development Of Alternative Industrial Mitigation
Scenarios.

• Alternative industrial scenarios to reduce PM10
  and GHG emissions include
• Use of additives in fuel oil in boilers.
• Particulate controls on all uncontrolled solid
  waste fired boilers.
• Introducing use of Natural Gas in coal fired
  boilers .
• Use of renewable energy (biomass gasification) in
  fuel oil boilers.

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Comparison of Industrial Mitigation Scenarios
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Scope of Work For Transportation Study

• The Objective of the study comprises of the
  following components
• Baseline scenario (CY 2001) study.
• Part-I Scenarios for most effective bus transit
  service (bus lanes, better bus-stops, better road
  surfaces on trunk routes)
• Part-II Technology Training measures related to
  2-stroke vehicles
• Part-III Traffic Management Measures to improve
  Traffic flow (flyovers, traffic signals,
  footpaths, etc.)
• Part IV Multi-modal Transport System(rail)

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IES-INDIA ANALYSISAIR QUALITY MODELING STUDIES

•   The Air Quality Modeling (AQM) modeling study
  was carried out for the Hyderabad Urban
  Development Area (HUDA) which covers Municipal
  Corporation of Hyderabad (MCH), surrounding ten
  Municipalities and outgrowth areas.
• The primary pollutant of concern, Particulate
  Matter less than 10 microns in diameter (PM10),,
  was considered for air quality modeling.
• The base year considered for this AQM study was
  Calendar Year (CY) 2001.
• Projections were made for BAU-2011 and BAU-2021

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Conclusions Derived From AQ Modeling

• The maximum PM10 concentrations are found in MCH
  area. This is due to high vehicular population.
  The projected average concentrations for
  BAU-2021 are very high.
• Effective Bus Transit mitigation scenario shows
  greatest reductions in PM10 and GHG emissions.
  For Bus Transit scenario, ambient pollutant
  concentrations are reduced to 1/3 of BAU levels.
• For BAU-2021, Patancheru and Rajendranagar are
  the most polluted areas (after MCH), due to their
  vicinity to the air polluting industries.
• Industrial mitigation scenarios do not show
  significant PM10/GHG reduction in MCH area, but
  they are significant in reduction of GLCs in
  industrial areas.

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Damage Function Approach For Health Effects
Analysis
Pollutant Emissions
Ambient Concentrations
Background Concentrations
Atmospheric models
Human Exposure
Population Exposed
Exposure-Response Function
Health Effects (APHEBA Model)
Baseline Risk
Social Value
Social Benefits
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Change in Health effects by ScenariosTotal for
all localities cases avoided per year
C1 Bus Transit Mitigation Scenario
(Transportation) C2 Combined Natural Gas and
Bio Gas Mitigation Scenario (Industrial) C3
Fuel Additive Mitigation Scenario (Industrial) C4
Particulate Control Mitigation Scenario
(Industrial)
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Health Benefits Study Conclusions

• All four mitigation scenarios result in avoided
  deaths and cardio- respiratory cases
• Effective bus transit scenario shows the maximum
  reduction in adverse health effects
• The transportation sector is recognized as an
  area where significant air quality and public
  health benefits could be realized through the
  IES, India Analysis
• The study highlights the need for close
  collaboration between Air pollution modelers,
  Epidemiologists, Economists and Policy Makers

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Cost Benefit Summary for All Mitigation
Scenarios (in Millions
Rupees)
C1 Bus Transit Mitigation Scenario
(Transportation) C2 Combined Natural Gas and
Bio Gas Mitigation Scenario (Industrial) C3
Fuel Additive Mitigation Scenario (Industrial) C4
Particulate Control Mitigation Scenario
(Industrial)
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Limitations of IES-India Study

• Only secondary emissions data was used.
• Emissions factors not customized for local
  conditions.
• Emissions from sources such as road dust, open
  burning, residential and commercial
  establishments were not included.

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Outreach Campaign
THANK YOU