CI5336 Instructional Design

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CI5336Instructional Design

• Overall Process Theoretical Bases

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History of Instructional Design

• Pre 1920s
• empirical principles - effective instruction
• 1920s
• objectives and individualized instruction
• 1930s
• behavioral objectives
• cyclical nature of formative evaluation

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History of Instructional Design

• 1940s
• WW II - need for rapid training
• mediated learning materials
• development team - designer, SME, producer
• 1950s
• programmed instruction
• task analysis

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History of Instructional Design

• 1960s
• term instructional system
• Gagne - levels of learning
• focus on instructional message not AV
• 1970s
• define and describe field processes
• ID Models
• Needs analysis

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History of Instructional Design

• 1980s
• microcomputers
• cognitive learning theory
• 1990s
• how would you describe this decade?

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Three Primary Elements
nalysis
"Where are we going?"
trategy
"How will we get there?"
valuation
"How will we know when we are there?"
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Instructional Design Process

• Analysis
• analyze learner, environment, task
• Strategy
• how to present information for learning
• activities for learners and how delivered
• Evaluation
• assessment of students learning
• evaluation of instruction

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Instructional Design Process

• Congruency
• objective strategy assessment
• same level of learning
• congruent strategies resulting from media

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ISD Model
Analysis
Learn Env.

Learners
Learn Task
Test Items.
Strategy
Determine Strategies Organizational Delivery Manag
ement
Evaluation
Formative Evaluation
Write/Produce Instruction
Revise Instruction
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It's Not Really Linear
Analysis
Evaluation
Strategy Development
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Other ID Models

• Over 40 models
• Similarities and Differences?
• Identify Analysis, Strategy, Evaluation

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Theory in Instructional Design

• Why is theory important in ID?
• Two types of theories
• Descriptive
• describe how learning occurs
• Prescriptive
• actions which lead to learning

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Theoretical Bases

• Systems Theory
• Communication Theory
• Learning Theory
• behavioral
• cognitive
• Instructional Theories