Introduction to Unix

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Introduction to Unix

• Basic commands, email and text editing

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How to connect to unix?

• Start the Telnet or SSH Client programs.
• Enter unixs or unixs.cis.pitt.edu for the Host,
  then click OK. (You may have to ask your
  instructor for this information)
• Enter your username and password.

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SSH Client/Telnet are programs used to connect
to a remote computer
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Computers I have connected to in the past
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Unix Commands

• ls
• cat or more
• cp
• mv
• rm
• mkdir
• rmdir
• cd
• lpr
• pwd
• chmod

• directory listing
• display a file
• copy a file
• move a file
• delete a file
• create a directory
• remove a directory
• change directory
• print a file
• print working directory
• change file protection

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Unix Commands ...

• finger
• man
• unzip
• telnet
• ftp

• displays info about a user
• displays info about a command
• restores a compressed file to its original form
• start a login session on a remote computer
• transfer files betweencomputer systems

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Sample Directory Structure

public
private
exams
cs401
html
cs110
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Unix Directories

• Your root directory is represented by the tilde
  character or your.username.
• public is a special directory used to make your
  files available to others.
• private is a special directory used to protect
  your files from being accessed by others.

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Command Syntax

• Change directory cd name.of.directory.or.path
  Examples cd public cd /public/cs110
  (note / separates directories) cd .. cd
• Present working directory pwd

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where am I?
change directory (go down one level at a time)
list files
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Command Syntax ...

• Directory listing ls
• Display entire file cat name.of.file
• Display a file one page at a time more
  name.of.file

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display file
use spell checker
go up one level
go to the root
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Command Syntax ...

• Make a directory mkdir name.of.directory Exa
  mples mkdir PICTURES
• Move a file mv name.of.file
  destination Examples move knot.jpg to the
  PICTURES directory mv knot.jpg
  pictures rename inp.dat as hw1.dat mv
  inp.dat hw1.dat

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change directory
make a new directory
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rename inp.dat as hw1.dat
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move knot.jpg to the PICTURES directory
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Command Syntax ...

• Copy a file cp source.file
  destination.file Examples cp hw1.dat inp.dat
• Remove a file rm name.of.file Examples rm
  hw1.dat

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A file and its duplicate
delete a file
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Command Syntax ...

• Remove directory rmdir name.of.directory
• Print a text file lpr -Plab.abbreviation
  name.of.file Examples lpr -Pcl
  hawking.doc lpr -Pfq hw1.dat
• Exit unix logout

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remove directory
exit unixs
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Command Syntax ...

• Find information about a user finger
  name.or.username Examples finger
  jon.cardella finger labst23
• Get help on a command man command Examples
  man ls man lpr

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search for an email address
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ask for help on the cat command
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Creating/editing a text file in unix

• pico is a program used to create and edit text
  files. Pico has a spell checker for correcting
  spelling errors and the word wrap feature making
  entering text easy. pico name.of.file.to.crea
  te.or.edit

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starting pico
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cursor
files name
commands
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enter text
press CTRL-X to save this file then exit pico
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newly created file
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pico Commands

• CTRL-GCursor movements
• CTRL-F
• CTRL-B
• CTRL-A
• CTRL-E
• CTRL-V
• CTRL-Y

• help
• to the right
• to the left
• to beginning of line
• to end of line
• page down
• page up

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pico Commands ...

• CTRL-W
• CTRL-L
• CTRL-D
• CTRL-K
• CTRL-U
• CTRL-R
• CTRL-T
• CTRL-O
• CTRL-X

• search for text
• refresh display
• delete character
• delete a line
• undelete a line
• insert file at the cursor
• start spell checker
• save, dont exit pico
• save and exit pico

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Sending electronic mail

• pine is a program used to send and receive
  electronic mail. pine

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Press C to compose a message
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1. enter the email address 2. enter the
subject 3. enter the message
my signature
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press CTRL-X to send this message
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Press I to see your incoming messages
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press ENTER to read this message
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customize your mail
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create or modify your signature
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Change your password