Unit 7 Fractures and Soft Tissue Injuries

1
Unit 7Fractures and Soft Tissue Injuries

• PE 216 Emergency Response

2
Injury Rates

• Fractures, dislocations, and soft tissue injuries
  are among the most common injuries sustained in
  sports
• Mismanagement can lead to life-long disability or
  dysfunction

3
Function of Bone

• Structure and form
• Protection of vital organs
• Propulsion and movement

4
Soft Tissue

• Ligaments
• Connect bone to bone
• Stability
• Tendons
• Connect muscle to bone
• Translation of forces
• Muscle
• Produce movement of bones and joints

5
Is it broken or fractured?

• ITS THE SAME THING!!! ?
• Defined as the disruption of a bones continuity
• SS
• Pain
• Swelling
• Point tenderness
• Nausea
• Deformity
• Unable to bear weight or move joints

6
Fractures

• Treatment
• Evaluate neurovascular status distal to the
  injury
• Pulse, sensation
• Splint in the position found
• Refer for x-rays

7
Emergency Fractures

• Compound Fractures
• Has resulted in a disruption of the skin
• Loss of Neurovascular Function
• Gentle traction may relieve this problem
• Never perform unless properly qualified

8
Dislocations

• Most severe form of ligament/joint injury
• The normal relationship between 2 bones forming a
  joint is disrupted
• SS
• Obvious pain
• Swelling, discoloration
• Deformity
• Natural splinting

9
Dislocations

• Treatment
• Splint in the position found
• Refer to ER for x-rays/reduction
• Monitor neurovascular status
• Any open dislocation or neurovascular compromise
  should be treated as a medical emergency

10
Splinting

• Purposes
• Reduces pain and swelling
• Prevents further blood vessel or nerve injury
• Prevents puncturing of the skin
• Decreases further contamination of open wounds

11
Splinting

• Principles
• Remove clothing around the area and inspect for
  open wounds and deformities
• Check neurovascular status
• Cover open wounds with sterile dressings
• Splint should immobilize joint above and below
• Splint in the position of the deformity

12
Splinting

• Complications
• Compartment syndrome
• Splint constricts blood flow or neurological
  signal
• Failure of splint, equipment malfunction
• Materials
• Casts, one-step splints
• Vacuum, Air
• Rigid

13
Amputations

• Extremities which are separated from the body
• Wrap distal segment with sterile dressing and
  control bleeding
• Wrap detached extremity in sterile dressings and
  place in a plastic bag
• Place in an ice chest
• Set on top of ice, do not immerse

14
General Treatment

• For non-emergency injuries
• Rest
• Ice
• Compression
• Elevation
• Medications
• NSAIDs (Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs)
• Tylenol, Advil (Ibuprofen), Aleve (Mediproxen)

15
WARNING!

• The following slides are of somewhat graphic
  nature
• If you are easily grossed outplease do not look!
• Are you ready.????

16
Ankle Fracture/Dislocation
17
Ankle Fracture
18
Ankle Dislocation
19
Knee Hyperextension
20
Kick Boxing