Independence Hall

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Independence Hall
http//www.gophila.com/photos/
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Edmund Randolph
http//www.bergen.org/ETTC/courses/TeacherProjects
/Constitution/Constitution.htm
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Virginia Plan

• Written by James Madison
• Proposed national legislature that would be
  divided into 2 houses- House of Representatives
  and the Senate.
• The voters in each state would elect members to
  the House Of Representatives
• Senators were to be chosen by House members from
  a list of candidates suggested by state
  legislature

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Virginia Plan

• The House would also chose members of the
  Judiciary and a President who would serve for 7
  years.
• Congress would have the power to override state
  laws and when necessary make laws for state.
• Some citizens objected to the Plan because they
  felt it gave the national government too much
  power.

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(No Transcript)
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http//www.legalsoft.com/constitution/the_new_jers
ey_plan.htm

• http//www.vernonschools.k12.nj.us/cms/NewJerseyW
  eb/famouspeople.htm

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• The New Jersey Plan said that each state, large
  or small, have an equal voice in congress
• There would be one house that the congress would
  consist of, to be elected by the state
  legislatures, not by the people
• It also grants the central government the power
  to raise taxes, enforce national laws, and
  regulate commerce

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William Paterson and the New Jersey Plan
http//www.gwu.edu/ffcp/exhibit/p6/p6_2.html
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What the Plan was...

• William Paterson suggested that each state, large
  or small, should be able to have an equal voice
  in congress
• Now congress would have only one house which was
  elected by the state legislatures and not by the
  people

Pg. 160 in the American History Textbook
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What the Plan did...

• This new plan granted the central government the
  power to raise taxes, regulate commerce, and
  enforce national laws.
• It also said that the states would hold powers
  not give to the national legislature.
• So in the end it kept together the major features
  of the Articles of Confederation with only a few
  changes

Pg. 160 of American History Textbook
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The Great Compromise
http//www.bergen.org/ETTC/courses/TeacherProjects
/Constitution/Constitution.htm
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The Great Compromise

• Delegates rejected both New Jersey and Virginia
  firms.
• Convention was deadlocked when Roger Sherman of
  Connecticut stepped forward and offered his
  proposal.
• The compromise called for a congress mad of two
  houses.

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The Great Compromise

• Compromise tried to satisfy both sides in dispute
  over representation.

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Alexander Hamilton James Madison
John Jay
Writers and publishers of the Federalist Papers
http//www.mcs.net/knautzr/fed/fedpaper.html
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Federalist Papers

• Series of newspaper articles summarizing THE
  ADVANTAGES of a FEDERAL UNION UNDER THE
  CONSTITUTION.
• Written by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and
  John Jay and published in between the years of
  1787 and 1788.
• Remains as one of the best discussions of the
  political theory behind the American system of
  government.

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Federalist Papers

• ByJoanna White and Suzanne Bergstrom

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No man is allowed to be a judge in his own
cause, because his interest would certainly bias
his judgment, and, not improbably, corrupt his
integrity.
http//www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/federal/fed.htm
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What are they??

• Supporters of the Constitution were known as
  Federalists.
• Argued that the Articles of Confederation
  produced a weak government
• Constitution gave government authority to
  function effectively but protected rights of
  individual states

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More

• Three most articulate federalistsAlexander
  Hamilton, James Madison, John Jay.
• Hamilton was best known for his tenure as
  Secretary of the Treasury.
• Papers were made to prove the Constitution was a
  stronger government
• more effective than Articles of Confederation

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http//gi.grolier.com/presidents/ea/bios/04pmadi.h
tml
Alexander Hamilton
http//xroads.virginia.edu/CAP/ham/hamilton.html
James Madison
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New Constitution
http//gi.grolier.com/presidents/ea/bios/04pmadi.h
tml
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http//btr0xw.rz.uni-bayreuth.de/cjackson/stuart/p
-stuart12.htm
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Bill of Rights

• Bill used to protect people against the abuse of
  governmental powers
• guaranteed inalienable rights
• protected freedom of the press, freedom of
  religion, and the the right to trial by jury

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http//www.nara.gov/exhall/charters/billrights/bil
lmain.html
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Bill of Rights

• Amendment 1 Freedom of Religion, Speech, Press,
  Assembly, and Petition
• Amendment 2 Right to Bear Arms
• Amendment 3 Lodging Troops in Private Homes
• Amendment 4 Search and Seizure
• Amendment 5 Rights of the Accused

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Bill of Rights

• Amendment 6 Right to a speedy trial by jury
• Amendment 7 Jury trial in civil cases
• Amendment 8 Bail and punishment
• Amendment 9 Powers reserved to the people
• Amendment 10 Powers reserved to the states