Roaring Twenties

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Roaring Twenties

• 1920s

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Hollywood Image

• Prosperity
• Industrialization and progressive movements have
  strengthened the middle class
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However in reality

• The good life did not reach everyone
• Racism prejudice against minorities
• Nativism prejudice against immigrants
• Fear of radical politicians
• Organized crime

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Immigration and Communism
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Red Scare

• Fear of radical politics
• Immigrants and foreigners
• Factories
• Tension Labor Unrest

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Labor Unrest

• Increase of strikes
• Fear if many strikes break out, cities may shut
  down and unleash anarchy
• Anarchy desire for no government
• Government Action
• Arrests and deportation

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Sacco and Vanzetti

• Arrested and executed for
• Anarchy
• Robbery
• Murder
• Led to world wide protests
• Execution was motivated by ethnic, class, and
  political prejudice

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Nativism

• Fear
• Jobs
• Radical Politics
• Restrictions on immigration
• 1921 Quota Act
• 1924 National Origins Act

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African American Topics
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Great Migration

• Migration of African Americans from rural south
  to industrial cities of the north
• Trying to escape poverty, racism, and
  sharecropping in the south
• Northern industrial centers offered factory jobs
  during WWI

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Racial Tension

• Competition for jobs and housing
• Some cities created residential segregation
• Deeds that restricted the sale of property
• Created African American ghettos
• Harlem in New York City
• Hosted African American art and literature
• Harlem Renaissance

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Race Riots and Lynching

• Tension escalated
• Race Riots
• Tulsa, Oklahoma 1921
• 2000 homes destroyed - 40 blocks set ablaze
• Hundreds of lynchings took place in the 20s
• Led to public opposition to lynching
• Anti-lynching laws

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Ku Klux Klan

• Revival of the KKK
• Over 5 million members nationally
• Claim organization stood for Christian values
  and true Americanism
• Feared change and anyone not white and
  Protestant
• Feared Catholics, Jews, and African Americans

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Public Rallies
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Harlem Renaissance

• Harlem predominately African American section
  of New York City
• Explosion of talent and works
• Expressions of African American cultural
  identity and pride

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Marcus Garvey

• Promoted African Nationalism
• Encouraged African Americans to return to Africa
  
• If upset about American racism
• Help develop nations in Africa
• Result strengthened African American
  communities and pride

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Marcus Garvey
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Culture, Economy, and Politics

• Of the 1920s

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Popular Culture

• Manners became relaxed and less formal
• Fashion became more comfortable and revealing
• Flappers

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Popular Entertainment

• Commercial Radio
• NBC and CBS
• By 1930, 10 million homes had radios
• Provided businesses with advertising
• Movies became popular
• Silent films with subtitles
• Theaters sprang up in cities
• 1927 first movie with soundtrack The Jazz
  Singer

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Economy

• Growth of the Automobile Industry
• Assembly Line
• Mass production resulted due to advertising and
  selling goods on credit
• Cheaper prices for automobiles

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Prohibition

• 18th Amendment
• Prohibits manufacture
• and sale of alcohol
• Millions of people either made their own liquor
  or smuggled it into the U.S.
• Bootleggers sold alcohol illegally

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Bootleggers

• Billion dollar industry
• Leaders became wealthy and powerful
• (Al Capone)
• Corruption
• Rural areas supported Prohibition
• Cities generally opposed Prohibition
• Speakeasies

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Scopes Trial (1925)

• Teacher was arrested for teaching evolution
• Battle between science and religion
• Conflict some Americans tried to resist the
  tide of social change and to preserve older
  values and beliefs

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Presidents at the Time

• Warren G. Harding (1921 1923)
• Remembered for his administrations scandals
• Ohio Gang
• Helped develop veteran programs
• Reduced much of the national debt
• Died from a heart attack in office

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Presidents at the Time

• Calvin Coolidge (1923 1929)
• Considered to be one of the reasons for the
  Great Depression due to Laissez Faire policies
• Tax breaks to big businesses
• Continued strict immigration policies

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• Coolidge Harding

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Stock Market Crash 1929

• Considered to be the spark of the great
  depression
• New York City

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