Introduction to Water Resources Planning

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Introduction to
Water Resources Planning
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WELCOME
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Who Are We?
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Why Are We Here?
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What Are Our Goals?
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Course Overview
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What Are the Deliverables?
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Clarifications and Adjustments
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Elements of
Water Resources Planning

• Background and terminology
• A short history of water resources planning
• The National Drought Study
• Drought Preparedness

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What is Planning?

• Strategies for achieving
  a desired set of goals

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Planning Involves

• Players - individuals, agencies, businesses,
  communities, state and federal government
• Processes - identification of goals, metrics,
  alternatives, trade offs, additions
• Products - a traditional report, modeling
  environments, dynamic structure

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What Makes
Water Resources Planning Unique?

• Significant impacts
• High potential for conflict
• Resource availability uncertain but coveted
• Technical and political concerns
• Divergent interests
• Established and emerging institutions

rain?
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Who Creates Water Resource Plans?
?
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Who Creates Water Resource Plans ?

• Federal and State Government Agencies

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Who Creates Water Resource Plans?
Local Municipalities and Utilities
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Who Creates Water Resource Plans?
Regional Water Authorities
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Who Creates Water Resource Plans?

• Native American Tribes

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What Do Plans Consider?

• Navigation Economics
• Flood Protection Health Safety
• Power Production Future Development
• Irrigation Aesthetics
• Water Quality Recreation
• Water Supply Habitat

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Who Has a Stake In Water Planning?
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Who Has a Stake In Water Planning?
The Public
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Who Has a Stake In Water Planning?
Agriculture
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Who Has a Stake In Water Planning?
Power Producers
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Who Has a Stake In Water Planning?

• Ecosystems and Fish

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Who Has a Stake In Water Planning?

• Industry

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Who Has a Stake In Water Planning?

• Navigation Interests

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Who Has a Stake In Water Planning?

• Recreationalists

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A Short History of Water Resources Planning

• 1934 - Fish Wildlife Coordination Act
• 1936 - Federal Flood Control Act
• 1950 - Green Book
• 1962 - U.S. Senate Document 97
• 1965 - Water Resources Planning Act
• 1969 - Blue Book
• 1973 - Principles Standards Adopted
• 1989 - Principles Guidelines Adopted

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Today's Planning Environment

• State and local agencies share the cost of
  project development and management
• Less federal presence and influence
• Stakeholders have assumed more significant role
• Planning is a multi-party process
• RED, EQ and OSE may be important to stakeholders
• Characterization of impacts in economic terms is
  still difficult

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The National Drought Study (1990-1993)

• Primary Objectives
• To find a better way to manage water during
  drought
• To have a lasting impact on drought management
  practices in the U.S.
• Sponsored by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
• Authorized by Congress in response to the
  widespread droughts of 1988

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The Interdisciplinary Nature of the National
Drought Study, NDS

• The NDS integrated sound Federal management
  guidelines with important advances in other
  disciplines.

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The NDS Team

• Water Managers
• Researchers
• Corps
• Federal Agencies
• State Agencies
• Universities
• Cities
• Consultants
• Private Industries
• Environmental Groups

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The National Drought Study Pursued a Wide Variety
of Activities

• Test recommended management practices
• Develop innovative and practical

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These Activities Included

• Drought Preparedness IWR-Main for Demand
  Forecasting in the Boston Area
• Colorado River Gaming Exercise
• Lessons Learned in California Drought 1986-1992
• Human and Environmental Impacts California
  Drought 1986-1992
• Overview of Water Resources Models
• Drought Impacts in a PG Planning Context
• Governance and Water Management During Drought

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NDS Philosophy

• All Parties who are impacted by drought should be
  involved in plan formulation.
• Impacts of Philosophy
• Increased the number of participants in the
  planning process.
• Required that the objectives of multiple
  stakeholders be explicitly considered.
• Required a process that promoted consensus
  building.
• Required effective communication.

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The Drought Preparedness Studies

• The Drought Preparedness Studies the
  effectiveness of the NDS planning philosophy in
  practice
• Utilized new methodologies to formulate tactical
  and strategic drought response plans
• Improved drought management guidelines through
  lessons learned

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The DPS Sites

• Cedar and Green River Basins, Washington
• Marais des Cygnes-Osage River Basins, Kansas and
  Missouri
• James River Basin, Virginia
• Kanawha River Basin, Virginia and West Virginia

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Major Water Use Concerns at DPS Sights

• Kanawha White Water Rafting, MI Effluent
  Dilution
• Cedar/Green MI Supply, Tribal Water Rights,
  Fisheries, Recreation
• James MI Supply, Hydropower, Recreation,
  Thermoelectric, Navigation
• Marais des Cygnes-Osage Lake Recreation,
  Interstate Water Allocation, Thermoelectric,
  MI Supply

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DPS Outcomes

• The most significant accomplishments of the DPS
  sites include
• Improved shared understanding of their water
  system
• Improved collaborative approach of their water
  resources
• New strategies for tactical drought response
• Shared Vision Models as management tools
• A framework for maintaining drought preparedness
  Virtual Drought Exercises

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The DPS Planning Paradigm

• Step 1. Teams
• Step 2. Identify problems, planning objectives
  and constraints
• Step 3. Defining the status quo
• Step 4. Formulate alternatives
• Step 5. Evaluate alternatives
• Step 6. Implement the plan
• Step 7. Exercise and update the plan

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DPS Planning Paradigm Step 1
Teams
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DPS Planning Paradigm Step 2
Identify Problems,
Planning Objectives and Constraints
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DPS Planning Paradigm Step 3
Defining the Status Quo
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DPS Planning Paradigm Step 4
Formulate Alternatives
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DPS Planning Paradigm Step 5
Evaluate Alternatives
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DPS Planning Paradigm Step 6
Implement the Plan
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DPS Planning Paradigm Step 7
Exercise and Update the Plan
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The DPS Approach Facilitates

• Estimation of drought vulnerability
• Assessment of an existing water resources plan
• Development of a new plan
• Resolution of a specific water resources conflict

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Summary

• Planning is an essential activity.
• Water Resources Planning is a complex activity,
  requiring cooperation among a wide variety of
  managers and stakeholders.
• Federal water planning has a long history, which
  has led to the development of Principles and
  Guidelines.
• The DPS planning paradigm makes use of federal
  guidance, new technology, and conflict resolution.

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Exercise