Minimising the Impact Maximising the Benefit

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Minimising the Impact Maximising the Benefit

• Designing the New EMEA Data Centre

John Killey EMEA Head Citi Realty Services
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The Challenge

• By 2011 Citi is committed to reducing our
  greenhouse gas emissions by 10 from our 2005
  baseline.
• With more than 85 million SF of Real Estate this
  equates to 130,000 tonnes of CO2.
• To be achieved through our corporate culture that
  embeds principles of environmental responsibility
  and sustainable growth.

• We recognize that climate change is a major
  economic, social and environmental challenge
  globally.
• We have set a target to reduce our greenhouse gas
  emissions and work with our clients to provide
  innovative solutions as they strive to reduce
  their own emissions.
• Chuck Prince,
• Chairman and CEO of Citigroup
• Citigroup Citizenship Report 2006

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The Challenge

• To deliver a 100,000 SF state of the art of
  1000 W/m2 (scaleable to 1500 W/m2) data centre.
• To ensure the data centre achieves the following
  key design requirements of
• Reliability
• Performance
• Cost optimisation
• Energy efficiency
• Minimising the environmental impact
• To achieve greater than Tier IV reliability (gt
  99.995 availability).
• To minimise the environmental impact through all
  phases of the facilities life .

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Minimising the Impact

• LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental
  Design) an accepted benchmark for a buildings
  energy and environmental impact during
• Design
• Construction
• Operation
• Provides an immediate tool for measuring and
  comparing the environmental impact performance.
• Promotes a whole building approach to
  sustainability looking at 5 key areas of human
  and environmental health
• Sustainable site development
• Water savings
• Energy Efficiency
• Material selection
• Indoor environmental quality
• Initial target was for Silver LEED certification.

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Minimising the Impact

• LEED estimate at concept design- Silver 3 points
  from Gold

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Minimising the Impact

• Key Procurement Considerations
• Senior management commitment from
• Client
• Designers
• Contractors
• Environmental requirements embodied in
• Consultant Briefing Documentation
• Design Documentation
• Procurement Documentation
• and forms part of contract documentation
• Collaboration will be vital during construction
  and commissioning phase

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Minimising the Impact

• Key Design Considerations for the Sustainable
  Vision
• Use of low environmental impact materials.
• Consideration of embodied energy of construction
  materials and their benefit as environmental
  modifiers.
• Minimisation and reuse of excavated materials on
  site.
• Minimisation of site waste and maximisation of
  on-site recycling.
• Water efficiency and rainwater salvage.
• Site planting, garden zones the vegetation of
  external facades.

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Minimising the Impact

• Embodied CO2

• Embodied CO2

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Minimising the Impact

• Key Design Elements
• Green Roof and Green Wall
• Creates biodiversity lost in the construction
• Increased roof life/reliability waterproof
  membrane life increased to 40 years
• Reduced rain water run off with reduced
  construction, sewer/storage costs
• Benefits to ecology through rainwater attenuation
  and re-use
• Converts CO2 to O2.

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Minimising the Impact

• Green Wall

• Embodied CO2

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Minimising the Impact

• Material Selection
• External shading (brise soleil) constructed from
  zero maintenance timber from sustainable sources
• External aluminium panel screening with high
  recycled content
• High use of locally extracted/produced building
  materials to reduce cost and transportation CO2
  emissions.

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Minimising the Impact

• Aluminium Louvred Fins
• 300 blades x 150 mm Centres
• Embodied Energy 12,681 kg of CO2

• Chosen Scheme
• Timber Louvered Fins
• 300 blades x 300 mm Centres
• Embodied Energy 4,081 kg of CO2
• 33 IMPROVEMENT OVER ALUMINIUM

Citigroup Operations Technology - INTERNAL
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Minimising the Impact

• Water Management
• Reverse Osmosis water treatment plant in lieu of
  conventional base exchange softeners. Blow down
  Recycling
• Higher reliability with reduced water usage for
  backwashing and regeneration saving 11.6MM US
  galls p.a./ 217m p.a.
• Lower chemical and CO2 emissions
• Capturing up to 90 of rainwater for reuse on
  site.
• Air Flow Management
• Under floor baffling converts velocity into
  static pressure, eliminating recirculation and
  low pressure zones under the active area of the
  raised floor.
• High level data cabling eliminates under floor
  cable dams and requires no data cable
  penetrations.
• A false ceiling provides a return air plenum that
  captures hot exhaust air from servers, reducing
  recirculation.
• CRAC units controlled on supply air temperature
  improves cooling efficiency as units cannot fight
  each other.

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Minimising the Impact

• Good practice in airflow management means
  segregating cool supply air and hot exhaust air

The hot exhaust air must be captured by the CRAC
units without mixing with cool supply air.
To avoid overheat, the cool air must make its
way to the equipment inlets without mixing with
exhaust air.
The CRAC units supply air to the floor void.
The air enters the room through perforated tiles
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Minimising the Impact

• Under floor airflow management
• Perforated baffles attached to floor jacks in
  front of CRAC convert velocity into an even
  static pressure.
• High velocity jets and recirculation under the
  active floor area are eliminated.
• Variable speed drive fans automatically maintain
  the even pressure in the event of CRAC failure.

• Typical pressure distribution under a raised
  floor
• New Citigroup Data Centre

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Minimising the Impact

• Above floor airflow management
• Open network frames are interleaved with server
  racks to reduce length of data cabling.
• All data cabling is at high level to eliminate
  cable dams and data cable penetrations.
• Novel Hot-Aisle/Cold-Aisle/Cold-Aisle layout
  overcomes typical problems with open frames

• Typical problems with open frames
• Open network frames cause breakdown of the
  Hot-Aisle/Cold Aisle concept.
• Hot exhaust air from server racks recirculates
  around the network equipment causing overheat.
• New Citigroup layout
• Hot exhaust air from server racks is captured by
  ceiling plenum.
• Network equipment in open frames is cooled
  successfully.

Hot
Cold
Cold
Hot
Cold
Hot
Hot
Cold
Cold
Hot
Cold
Hot
Cold
Cold
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Minimising the Impact

• Using a Virtual Facility
• Airflow and temperature can be visualised and
  managed

• Courtesy of Future Facilities Ltd.

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Minimising the Impact

• Free Cooling
• High internal air temperature.
• CRAC supply 20C (5-7C higher than a typical
  data centre)
• CRAC return 27-29C (5-7C higher than a typical
  data centre)
• High chilled water temperature.
• Flow 10C (3C higher than a typical data
  centre)
• Return 18C (6C higher than a typical data
  centre)
• 2 coil CRACs linked to free cooling heat
  exchangers.
• Free and pre cooling available from 17C external
  WBT.
• Provides free and pre cooling for 8,183hrs per
  annum (93 of the time)
• Provides 8,486 MWhr of free cooling per annum.
• 2 coils provide a 2N cooling system at the CRAC
  (gt Tier IV stds.)
• Free cooling increases 3N system redundancy in
  winter period (gt Tier IV stds)

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Minimising the Impact

• Contractor Involvement
• LEED language in each specification section
• LEED Pre-Construction Manual
• Pre-Bid Meetings
• Post/Award Meetings
• Subcontractor Orientation
• The Contractors role in specific LEED Credits
• Erosion and Sedimentation Control Plan
• Commissioning Coordination
• Construction Waste Management
• Performance-based Material and Resource Selection
• Construction IAQ Management
• Low Emitting Material Management

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LEED Point Summary
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LEED Point Summary
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LEED Point Summary
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Maximising The Benefit

• What does this all save us?

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Maximising The Benefit

• What does this save us overall?

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Maximising The Benefit

• or to put it another way

• Power Consumption of a typical Data Centre

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Maximising The Benefit

• Power Consumption CG Data Centre

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Maximising The Benefit

• What does this deliver?
• A data centre with greater than tier IV
  reliability.
• A data centre that delivers the design loads.
• A data centre with a capital cost -8 than
  conventional facility.
• A data centre that uses 20 less energy in its
  services.
• At data centre that saves 11,700 tonnes of CO2
  per annum.

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Maximising The Benefit

• Sound environmental design does make business
  sense and can enhance reliability.
• Can only be achieved by embedding the concepts of
  sustainability within the design, construction
  and operations processes.
• Will only be achieved through a collaborative,
  integrated design and construction process.
• Must start with the initial project planning and
  run through the whole building life cycle.

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Maximising The Benefit

• Sound environmental design does make business
  sense and can enhance reliability.
• Can only be achieved by embedding the concepts of
  sustainability within the design, construction
  and operations processes.
• Will only be achieved through a collaborative,
  integrated design and construction process.
• Must start with the initial project planning and
  run through the whole building life cycle.