Energy for Life

1
Energy for Life

• Chapter 4 Section 3

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Metabolism

• Energy stored in chemical bonds
• Chemical reactions change energy into forms
  needed for life functions (moving, breathing,
  keeping warm)
• Total of these metabolism

3
Enzymes

• Used to enable chemical reactions
• Dont change themselves catalyst
• Used over and over again

4
Photosynthesis

• Changes light energy into chemical energy in
  chemical bonds
• Produces sugars
• In producers
• 6CO2 6H2O ? C6H12O6 6O2
• Light energy (photo) ? chemical energy
• (more specifics next chapter)

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Producing Carbohydrates

• Chlorophyll
• Green pigment - in chloroplasts
• Used to capture suns energy
• Raw materials
• CO2 from air
• H2O from roots

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Storing carbohydrates

• Extra stored in roots, fruit, non-green parts
• Used for
• Growth
• Staying alive
• Reproduction (flowers, seeds, fruit)

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Respiration

• Releases stored energy
• Occurs in cytoplasm and mitochondria
• Opposite of photosynthesis
• C6H12O6 6O2 ? 6CO2 6H2O
• Chemical energy ? motion or different chemical
  energy
• (More on this next chapter)

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Breaking Down Carbohydrates

• Step 1 in cytoplasm
• Starches ? glucose energy
• Glucose ? 2 smaller molecules energy
• Step 2 in mitochondria
• 2 smaller molecules O2 ? CO2 H2O energy

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Fermentation

• Not enough O2 for respiration
• Step 1 in cytoplasm, like respiration
• Step 2 IN CYTOPLASM without O2
• Produces some energy (lt respiration)
• Wastes
• Lactic acid makes muscles sore
• Alcohol wine, yeasty smell
• CO2 makes bread rise

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Summary

• Photosynthesis - stores energy green plants -
  producers
• Respiration releases energy 2 steps all
  cells uses oxygen
• Fermentation releases energy less efficient
  without oxygen

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