Latin Music and Dance

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Latin Music and Dance
SALSA
MAMBO
CHA CHA
TANGO
MERENGUE
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Ritchie Valens
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Santana
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GLORIA
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SELENA
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RICKY
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Christina Aguilera
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Marc Anthony
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j-Lo
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ENRIQUE
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Shakira
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Paulina Rubio
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Merengue
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THE MACARENA
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Hispanic American Music

• By
• Martha Twombly
• Tracey Dietz

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Why learn about Hispanic Music?

• As we make progress in mass communications and
  technology, it is becoming increasingly necessary
  for us to become more aware of our differences in
  order to learn to respect and understand each
  other.

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• The Spanish language and Hispanic culture are
  evident everywhere we go, in restaurants, radio,
  TV programs, newspapers and magazines.
• Hispanic music has greatly influenced the
  American culture of the United States.
• Hispanic actors and musicians have always been a
  part of the music and film industry
• (Gloria Estefan, Selena, Enrique Iglesias,
  Jennifer Lopez, Antonio Banderas etc.)

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• Perhaps the most important reason to learn about
  the Spanish language, culture and music, is that
  no matter what our heritage is, if we live in the
  United States, we share the American continent
  with what are mostly Hispanic nations.

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• The ethnic makeup of modern Hispanic America is a
  mixture of all known races.
• The primary components are
• Native Indians
• Europeans
• Africans
• The blend of these 3 races has created a
  contrasting and colorful Hispanic culture.

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What did each culture contribute?

• The Native Indians
• Used music and chanting as part of their
  religious ceremonies, to accompany the harvesting
  of their crops, to prepare for war, and during
  their dance celebrations.
• The indigenous people used instruments consisting
  of various forms of drums, rattles, shakers,
  primitive maracas made with gourds, shells, or
  wood chips, whistles, and an assortment of
  flutes.

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What did each culture contribute?

• The Europeans
• During the 16th century the Europeans that came
  to the Americas came from the Iberian Peninsula
  (Spain and Portugal).
• With them they brought musical instruments from
  the string family (guitar and violin), percussion
  instruments (tambourine, castanets, and the bass
  and snare drums), and wind instruments (flute,
  recorders, and clarinets).

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What did each culture contribute?

• Africans
• The most powerful and probably the most lasting
  element in the shaping of the Hispanic American
  music is the African influence.
• The African slaves were brought to the Americas
  by the Europeans.
• The slaves shaped the Hispanic music by
  contributing their string and wind instruments,
  iron bells, gourd rattles and voices and drums.
• The drums were always of primary importance.

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• The Africans have a saying When the creator
  created the universe, he created the drummer.
• The drums are considered sacred and signify power
  and influence within their culture.
• They used music and dances to honor all kinds of
  import occasions (births, marriages, funerals,
  hunting, planting, and other social events).

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• The African percussion instruments became the
  backbone of the rhythms that today are considered
  commercial dance forms like merengue, salsa,
  mambo, cumbia, cha-cha, conga, tango, rumba,
  bomba, and samba.
• Today we will learn to dance merengue, salsa and
  mambo.

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Merengue

• The Merengue is the national dance of the
  Dominican Republic, and also to some extent, of
  Haiti, the neighbour sharing the island.
• There are two popular versions of the of the
  origin of the Dominican national dance, the
  Merengue.

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Merengue

• One story alleges the dance originated with
  slaves who were chained together and, of
  necessity, were forced to drag one leg as they
  cut sugar to the beat of drums.
• The second story alleges that a great hero was
  wounded in the leg during one of the many
  revolutions in the Dominican Republic. A party of
  villagers welcomed him home with a victory
  celebration and, out of sympathy, everyone
  dancing felt obliged to limp and drag one foot.

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Salsa Mambo

• Salsa is a mix of many Latin and Afro-Caribbean
  dances. Each played a large part in its
  evolution. Like a tree, Salsa has many roots and
  many branches, but one trunk that unites us all.
  The important thing is that Salsa is played
  throughout the Hispanic world and has received
  influences of many places within it.

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Salsa Mambo

• The word salsa means sauce refers to the many
  ingredients that go into making it. Salsa music
  a fusion of several elements of Cuban and Puerto
  Rican music.

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Salsa Mambo

• Salsa is similar to Mambo in that both have a
  pattern of six steps danced over eight counts of
  music. The dances share many of the same moves.
  In Salsa, turns have become an important feature
  so the overall look and feel are quite different
  form those of Mambo. Mambo moves generally
  forward and backward, whereas, Salsa has more of
  a side-to-side feel.

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Test your knowledge

• Why is it important to learn about the Spanish
  language, Hispanic culture and music?
• Enhance our awareness of our differences in order
  to respect and understand each other.

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• What are the 3 ethnic influences that have shaped
  Latin American music?
• European, African and Native Indians

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• What instruments did the indigenous people
  contribute to Latin music?
• Drums, rattles, shakers, primitive maracas made
  with gourds, shells, or wood chips, whistles, and
  an assortment of flutes.

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• What instruments did the Europeans contribute to
  Latin music?
• With them they brought musical instruments from
  the string family (guitar and violin), percussion
  instruments (tambourine, castanets, and the bass
  and snare drums), and wind instruments (flute,
  recorders, and clarinets).

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• What instruments did the Africans contribute to
  Latin music?
• The slaves shaped the Hispanic music by
  contributing their string and wind instruments,
  iron bells, gourd rattles and voices and drums.
  The drums were always of primary importance.

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• Which Caribbean nation gave us the merengue?
• The Dominican Republic (and Haiti).

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• What does the word salsa mean? And what does
  it refer to?
• Salsa means sauce and refers to the many
  ingredients that go into making it. Salsa music
  a fusion of several elements of Cuban and Puerto
  Rican music.