Kin 2711: QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS

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Kin 2711 QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS

• March 14, 2005
• Deterministic Models
• Planning for Observation

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Movement analysis

• Identify purpose of skill
• Simplify the skill divide into parts
• Determine the mechanical factors that govern the
  parts of the skill
• Identify critical features

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Hays Reading on Deterministic models
How to use the information ???
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Flight height is a function of speed, angle, air
resistance Flight Height is a function of
velocity and air resistance Flight Height is a
function of vertical velocity and air resistance
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Change in Angular momentum is a function of
torque and time
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A Catalog of Mechanical Factors (McPherson)
LOSE STABILITY - STATIC INSTABILITY MASS
CENTRE OF MASS BASE OF SUPPORT LINE OF GRAVITY
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SPEED
SKIING SPEED STRIDE LENGTH STRIDE RATE
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Class Lab Assignments/Activities

• Assignment 2 DEVELOPMENT OF A DETERMINISTIC
  MODEL Due March 21, 2005
• 1st draft of project deterministic model part of
  Assignment 2

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Plan for Observation

• Movement observation must be systematic in order
  for it to be an effective evaluative tool
• An observation plan is designed to relate to a
  specific task. Each plan is unique
• Observers who try to see everything often end up
  perceiving nothing (Barrett, 1979)

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Observation

• Observation is concerned with sensation,
  perception, and attention to visual stimulus.
• Need for selective attention and the adoption of
  filtering strategies to prevent the brain from
  being bombarded by sensory input

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Perception is the organization and
interpretation of stimuli from our environment,
mediated by our senses.

• Perception involves organizing, or making sense
  out of , our sensory information (Sage, 1984)

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Use of the Senses

• VISION - Primary sense used in QA
• AUDITORY sound of impact, landing, x ski
  example
• TOUCH can provide a great deal of info about the
  performance
• KINESTHETIC PROPRIOCEPTION how did the skill
  movements feel?

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• Alignment and symmetry
• of vertebral units
• Intersegmental joint mobility

Qualitative Analysis in Chiropractic
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Factors which affect our ability to
perceive/attend/observe

• The ability to selectively attend to pertinent
  information is affected by many things.
• Distractions result in an inability to maintain
  focus
• NEED TO RECOGNIZE, ELIMINATE OR MINIMIZE

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External Distractions

• Intensity
• Size
• Contrast
• Speed, complexity, repetition
• Movement
• Teaching area, type and amount of equipment

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SIMPLE VS COMPLEX
REPETITION
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VISUAL DISTRACTIONS IN THE OBSERVATION AREA
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Internal Distractions

• Motivation
• Lack of a visual strategy
• Fear, excitement
• Observer bias, expectancy

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Re-examine critical features
Select of observations
Select scanning strategies
Select position
Develop observation plan
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• SELECT OF
• OBSERVATIONS

• Example 5.7
• Observe one replay and observe the amount of knee
  flexion at foot plant, at instant of release??
• Observe several more and estimate again

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Scanning Strategies

• Need to be able to search systematically for the
  relevant features. Scanning strategies address
  the following questions.
• 1. In which part of the display do the perceptual
  systems need to be oriented
• 2. How to observe various critical features -
  focus vs scan?

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• 3. Are there any critical features which can be
  observed simultaneously?
• Group task

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Propulsive Foot
Propulsive Foot
Glide Foot
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Position you must be in the right place at the
right time!

• If vantage point is not considered other
  observation techniques may be useless. The
  optimum position to view varies from skill to
  skill, feature to feature.
• Example 3.2

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Position Guide

• 1. Move around during the observation session.
  Different positions provide different info re
  critical features
• 2. In general the best vantage point is one that
  is at right angles to the place of motion
• 3. Move far enough away to overcome problems
  associated with the speed of the performer moving
  across the observers field

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• 4. When movements extends over some distance the
  best vantage point is opposite the midpoint of
  this distance. The observer must be far away
  enough to see the entire sequence.
• When focusing on smaller components of the
  movement the observer should be quite close to
  the performer.

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• 5. If orientation is important observe in a
  setting which has horizontal or vertical
  reference lines
• 6. Position to the outside edge of the teaching
  area

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Constraints on performance

• Physiological Muscular strength, power,
  endurance, flexibility, and cardiovascular
  functioning
• Morphological Body size, structure, length of
  limbs
• Event Constraints may cause the performer to
  alter their movements from a mechanically ideal
  to a less then ideal performance (Eg
  temperature...)

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• Aesthetic Considerations Within a technique, a
  performer may use individual modifications such
  as unique timing or movements. These unique and
  individual adaptations are called style.
• For example - run up pattern in high jump

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Acceptable response range
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Readings

• 1. Qualitative Analysis of Human Movement
  (Knudson Morrison)
• The Range of Correctness for Critical Features
  p73-74
• Key Elements in a systematic observational
  strategy p86-92
• 2. A Catalog of Mechanical Factors (McPherson)
• (Print this off it will help build your models)

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Lab Session please sign up for one of the
following 3 labs

• Wednesday March 16 1230 -2
• Friday March 18 1230-2
• Wednesday March 23 1230 -2

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