Standard Training Procedures

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Standard Training Procedures
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BO 105 EC 135 BK
117 / EC 145
Steep or Vertical take off / landing !
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D i s c l a i m e r
The information given in this presentation
represents my personal view and deals with
general airmanship ! I will not take
responsibility in case of training
accidents. Allways the current Flight Manual of
the helicopter used for training has to be
regarded as the correct source of information.
The autor
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Standard Procedures
Review - Performance data
Every helicopter operation is limited through
available power, possible aerodynamical drag,
obstacles or use of optional equipment
Before each operation, the pilot has to verify
MGM (Max. possible Gross Mass) for HIGE or HOGE
according to W A T ( Weight Altitude
Temperature ) limitations resulting from
optional equipment and special instructions
according FLM.
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Lets talk aboutvertical take off
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Standard Procedures
Vertical take off
Perform Pre Take Off Check !
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Standard Procedures
Vertical take off
Hover 4 ft
Check - Hover power !
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Standard Procedures
Vertical take off
1. Pull slowly on collective until the
helicopter climbs with 300 to 500 ft/min (
10 Tq)
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Standard Procedures
Vertical take off
1. Pull slowly on collective until the
helicopter climbs with 300 to 500 ft/min (
10 Tq)
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Standard Procedures
Vertical take off
2. Continue until the helicopter is safe (
100 ft) above the obstacles
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Standard Procedures
Vertical take off
3. Callout Decision
100 ft
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Standard Procedures
Vertical take off
4. Push the stick slowly forward to minus
5 on the horizon
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Standard Procedures
Vertical take off
5. At VTOSS, level the horizon, set climb
power and accelerate slowly to Vy
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Standard Procedures
Vertical take off
6. At Vy, continue climb to desired altitude
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Standard Procedures
Review steep or vertical take off
1. Pull slowly on collective until the
helicopter climbs with 300 to 500 ft/min (
10 Tq)
2. Continue until the helicopter is safe (
100 ft) above the obstacles
3. Callout Decision
T D P
4. Push the stick slowly forward to minus
5 on the horizon
5. At VTOSS, level the horizon, set climb
power and continue climb with Vy
6. At Vy, continue climb to desired altitude
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Lets talk aboutsteep or verticalapproach
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Standard Procedures
Steep or vertical approach
There are two alternatives for steep approaches
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Standard Procedures
Steep or vertical approach
There are two alternatives for steep approaches
First altenative is a normal approach to the
center of the landing site followed by HOGE and
vertical descent
for landing
L D P
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Standard Procedures
Steep or vertical approach
This alternative is only advisable when the
landing spot is a very small confined area !
L D P
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Standard Procedures
Steep or vertical approach
Second alternative is to approach with a
constant steep angle of 60 or more.
This approach begins at 300 ft/AGL and 40
KIAS Reduce speed until the angle of approach is
free of obstacles then maintain this angle until
HIGE
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Standard Procedures
Steep or vertical approach
When optimum angle is achieved (Landing spot is
reaching the lower cockpit window) reduce the ROD
to 300 ft/min
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Standard Procedures
Steep or vertical approach
maintain ROD 300 ft/min
NOTE Pilot may push left pedal to improve his
visibility ! crab approach
L D P
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Standard Procedures
Steep or vertical approach
maintain ROD 300 ft/min
L D P
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Standard Procedures
Steep or vertical approach
maintain ROD 300 ft/min
Pull slowly on collective to terminate approach
in hover !
L D P
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Standard Procedures
Steep or vertical approach
Perform a HIGE before landing
L D P
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Lets talk aboutOEI during vertical take off
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Standard Procedures
O E I before Decision
At engine failure 1. Collective set to 2,5
min. PWR 2. Descend to the T/O point with
300 ft/min (max 500 ft/min)
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Standard Procedures
O E I before Decision
At engine failure 1. Collective set to 2,5
min. PWR 2. Descend to the T/O point with
300 ft/min (max 500 ft/min)
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Standard Procedures
O E I before Decision
At engine failure 1. Collective set to 2,5
min. PWR 2. Descend to the T/O point with
300 ft/min (max 500 ft/min)
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Standard Procedures
O E I before Decision
At engine failure 1. Collective set to 2,5
min. PWR 2. Descend to the T/O point with
300 ft/min (max 500 ft/min)
3. At good height (depending on rate of
descent) pull on collective to cushion
the landing (accept NRO drop)
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Standard Procedures
O E I before Decision
At engine failure 1. Collective set to 2,5
min. PWR 2. Descend to the T/O point with
300 ft/min (max 500 ft/min)
3. At good height (depending on rate of
descent) pull on collective to cushion
the landing (accept NRO drop) 4. After landing
perform O E I shutdown
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Standard Procedures
O E I before Decision
If height and obstacle-distance permitt, make
use of forward speed for landing !
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Standard Procedures
O E I after Decision
At engine failure 1. Collective set to 2,5
min. PWR 2. Speed adjust slowly to Vy
T D P
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Standard Procedures
O E I after Decision
At engine failure 1. Collective set to 2,5
min. PWR 2. Speed adjust slowly to Vy
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Standard Procedures
O E I after Decision
At engine failure 1. Collective set to 2,5
min. PWR 2. Speed adjust slowly to Vy
3. At Vy - set OEI / MCP
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Standard Procedures
O E I after Decision
At engine failure 1. Collective set to 2,5
min. PWR 2. Speed adjust slowly to Vy
3. At Vy - set OEI / MCP 4. Continue climb and
perform O E I shutdown
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Lets talk aboutOEI during speep approach
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Standard Procedures
OEI before Decision
Same procedure as during normal approach !
L D P
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Standard Procedures
O E I after Decision
At engine failure 1. Collective maintain
position (depending on power awailable) or set
2,5 min power 2. Maintain approach angle until in
ground effect
L D P
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Standard Procedures
O E I after Decision
At engine failure 1. Collective maintain
position (depending on power awailable) or set
2,5 min power 2. Maintain approach angle until in
ground effect
L D P
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Standard Procedures
O E I after Decision
At engine failure 1. Collective maintain
position (depending on power awailable) or set
2,5 min power 2. Maintain approach angle until in
ground effect
3. At good height (depending on rate of
descent) pull slowly on collective to cushion
the landing (accept NRO drop)
L D P
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Standard Procedures
O E I after Decision
At engine failure 1. Collective maintain
position (depending on power awailable) or set
2,5 min power 2. Maintain approach angle until in
ground effect
3. At good height (depending on rate of
descent) pull slowly on collective to cushion
the landing (accept NRO drop) 4. After landing
perform O E I shutdown
L D P
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Standard Training Procedures
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Many happy landings and enjoy your training !