The Mass: II

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The Mass II

• Buckle up Here we go!

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Phillipe De Vitry (1291-1361)
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Phillipe De Vitry (1291-1361)

• Wrote a book Ars Nova (New Art)

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Phillipe De Vitry (1291-1361)

• Wrote a book Ars Nova (New Art)
• Introduced mensuration a way of dividing note
  values

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Mensuration

• Time division of the measure
• Prolation division of the beat
• 3 perfect circle

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Mensuration
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Mensuration
9 8
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Mensuration
9 8
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Mensuration
9 8
3 4
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Mensuration
9 8
3 4
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Mensuration
9 8
3 4
6 8
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Mensuration
9 8
3 4
6 8
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Mensuration
9 8
3 4
6 8
2 4
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Guillaume de Machaut (1300-1377)
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Guillaume de Machaut (1300-1377)

• Leading composer of the Ars Nova in France

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Guillaume de Machaut (1300-1377)

• Leading composer of the Ars Nova in France
• Messe de Notre Dame (Mass of Our Lady)

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Guillaume de Machaut (1300-1377)

• Leading composer of the Ars Nova in France
• Messe de Notre Dame (Mass of Our Lady)
• Most famous composition of the 14th century

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Guillaume de Machaut (1300-1377)

• Leading composer of the Ars Nova in France
• Messe de Notre Dame (Mass of Our Lady)
• Most famous composition of the 14th century
• First setting of the Ordinary planned as a whole

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The Renaissance (1450-1600)
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The Renaissance (1450-1600)

• Humanism A high value on the individual

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The Renaissance (1450-1600)

• Humanism A high value on the individual
• Great interest in classical Greek and Roman
  literature

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The Renaissance (1450-1600)

• Humanism A high value on the individual
• Great interest in classical Greek and Roman
  literature
• A spirit of optimism prevailed

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The Renaissance (1450-1600)

• WHY did the Renaissance occur in 1450?

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The Renaissance (1450-1600)

• WHY did the Renaissance occur in 1450?
• 1450 Gutenberg perfects printing with movable
  type

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The Renaissance (1450-1600)

• WHY did the Renaissance occur in 1450?
• 1450 Gutenberg perfects printing with movable
  type
• 1501 First collection of polyphonic music
  printed by Petrucci in Venice

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The Renaissance (1450-1600)

• WHY did the Renaissance occur in 1450?
• 1450 Gutenberg perfects printing with movable
  type
• 1501 First collection of polyphonic music
  printed by Petrucci in Venice
• WHY was the printing press so important?

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Josquin Des Prez (1440-1521)
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Josquin Des Prez (1440-1521)

• One of the greatest composers in history

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Josquin Des Prez (1440-1521)

• One of the greatest composers in history
• Acknowledged to be the greatest composer of his
  time

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Josquin Des Prez (1440-1521)

• One of the greatest composers in history
• Acknowledged to be the greatest composer of his
  time
• Composed many parody masses, which used a
  well-known tune as the cantus firmus

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Josquin Des Prez (1440-1521)

• One of the greatest composers in history
• Acknowledged to be the greatest composer of his
  time
• Composed many parody masses, which used a
  well-known tune as the cantus firmus
• Used much imitation, canon

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The Reformation
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The Reformation

• 1517 Martin Luther, a Catholic priest, nails
  his 95 Theses (arguments) on church door

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The Reformation

• 1517 Martin Luther, a Catholic priest, nails
  his 95 Theses (arguments) on church door
• Creates a split in the Church, creating the
  Protestant movement

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The Reformation

• 1517 Martin Luther, a Catholic priest, nails
  his 95 Theses (arguments) on church door
• Creates a split in the Church, creating the
  Protestant movement
• He is excommunicated and creates the Lutheran
  Church

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The English Reformation
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The English Reformation

• 1534 The Church of England breaks from the
  Roman Catholic Church

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The English Reformation

• 1534 The Church of England breaks from the
  Roman Catholic Church
• The Pope would not grant Henry VIII a divorce, so
  he split from the Church

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The English Reformation

• 1534 The Church of England breaks from the
  Roman Catholic Church
• The Pope would not grant Henry VIII a divorce, so
  he split from the Church
• England would sway back and forth from Catholic
  to Protestant over the next several hundred years

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The Counter-Reformation
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The Counter-Reformation

• The Council of Trent (1545-1563)

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The Counter-Reformation

• The Council of Trent (1545-1563)
• Called by the Pope to reform the Catholic Church

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Council of Trent Concerns

• The intrusion of secularism (parody masses)

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Council of Trent Concerns

• The intrusion of secularism (parody masses)
• Extensive polyphony that obscured the text

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Council of Trent Concerns

• The intrusion of secularism (parody masses)
• Extensive polyphony that obscured the text
• Wide local differences in texts and music

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Council of Trent Concerns

• The intrusion of secularism (parody masses)
• Extensive polyphony that obscured the text
• Wide local differences in texts and music
• Widespread use of musical instruments, especially
  noisy ones

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Council of Trent Concerns

• The intrusion of secularism (parody masses)
• Extensive polyphony that obscured the text
• Wide local differences in texts and music
• Widespread use of musical instruments, especially
  noisy ones
• The irreverent attitude, carelessness, and bad
  habits of singers

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Council of Trent Musical Reforms

• Tropes were eliminated

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Council of Trent Musical Reforms

• Tropes were eliminated
• Number of Sequences was reduced to four
  (including the Dies irae)

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Council of Trent Musical Reforms

• Tropes were eliminated
• Number of Sequences was reduced to four
  (including the Dies irae)
• Impurity and lasciviousness, secularity and
  unedifying language were to be avoided

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Council of Trent Model Composer
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Council of Trent Model Composer
Giovanni Pierluigi Da Palestrina (1525-1594)