Gareth Ellis Manager

1
Gareth EllisManager
Solar Energy
NEF Renewables A Department of The National
Energy Foundation
2
NEF Renewables
The National Energy Foundation is an Educational
Charity based in Milton Keynes promoting the
better use of energy. In 1995 it began to provide
an information service on renewable energy..

• NEF Renewables will
• promote and raise awareness of renewable
  forms of energy highlight their importance for a
  sustainable future
• and encourage their development in an
  appropriate way, through specific education and
  information programmes and services.

3
NEF Renewables

• Examples
• RE for the Home
• SELFSOL
• PV DomSys
• REST
• Logpile
• CRI East
• LA21 Cambs, Oxon, MK, Leics, Beds
• MK Energy Strategy
• Elstow New Settlement
• Community Wind Lincolnshire

• Specialise in
• Domestic Renewables
• Community Renewables
• Local Policy Planning

Secretariat for STA Secretariat for PV-UK
4
Solar Trade Associationand PV-UK

• Handle enquiries phone, email, post, in person
• Mail out information, members list
• General admin, meeting rooms, legal advice, web
  site, newsletter
• Promotion of solar energy

5
Community Renewables Initiative

• The Community Renewables Initiative Countryside
  Agency with funding from DTI.
• 10 Local Support Teams throughout England
• Providing advice and support for community based
  renewable energy projects.
• CRI-East is the partnership of organisations
  providing the Local Support Team for the East of
  England Region.
• CRI-East includes The National Energy Foundation
  (NEF), Peterborough Environmental City Trust
  (PECT) and Writtle College.

www.cri-east.org.uk
6
Solar Resource

• Between 900 and 1300 KWh/m2 per year
• Enough roof space to generate current
  electricity demand

7
Solar Panels

• Photovoltaics (PV)
• or Solar Water Heating?

8
Solar Water Heating

• Useful in the UK for contribution towards
  domestic hot water (50)
• Space heating technically feasible but usually
  uneconomic in UK
• Two main types of collector
• Flat Plate
• Evacuated Tube

9
Collector principles
10
Solar Water Heating
FLAT PLATE COLLECTORS
11
Solar Water Heating
EVACUATED TUBE COLLECTORS
12
Typical solar water heating system layout for a
house
13
(No Transcript)
14
Sunlight in Western Europe
15
Orientation and inclination
16
System Design
17
Closed Drainback System
West European climate conditions -
Freezing protection of the collector and piping -
Overheating protection of the system - Best price
performance - Durability - Requirements on
tapwater pollution
18
Solar Water HeatingThings to look for
Desirable

• High hot water use - eg lots of baths
• Expensive water heating - LPG or electric
• Willingness to do a bit of DIY
• Stay around during summer
• Building house, changing roof or heating
  system.
• Done the energy efficiency bit
• Long term property

19
Solar Water HeatingThings to look for
Essential

• Water heating with storage
• Roof or other space facing somewhere between
  east and west but not in shadow

20
Solar Water Heating

• Cost 2,500 to 5,000
• Cheaper if installed in new build or where
  heating system or roof being replaced
• Typical system covers 3 m to 4 m and produces
  1200 kWh of useful heat
• DIY option

21
Cumulative Surface of Solar Heating Collectors in
Europe in 1998 (in m2)
22
Number of SWH Collectors installed in 1998 for
1000 inhabitants in Europe
23

24
Self Build Solar

• Self Build Solar Water Heating Systems
• Reduce costs
• Stimulate solar industry
• Create jobs

25

• AEE - Arbeitsgemeinschaft
• Erneuerbare Energie
• Non profit organisation working to promote
  renewable energy in Austria
• 1983 - First self build groups formed
• 1991 - 92 - Concept transferred to Switzerland,
  Germany, Italy and Eastern Europe
• 1998 - Transferred to UK, Portugal and Finland

AEE Headquarters, Gleisdorf
26
(No Transcript)
27
(No Transcript)
28
(No Transcript)
29

30
Photovoltaics
'photo light voltaic volt
Electricity Electrons Semi-conductors materials
can release electrons if exposed to light (ex.
Silicon) Today 98 of PV cells are made of
silicon
31
Different Types of Solar Cells
Monocrystalline Most efficient
Polycrystalline Very efficient
Amorphous Cheapest
32
Different Types of Solar Cells
33
Type of systems

• Grid Connected
• Off-Grid

34
Typical Grid Connected System

• Measures between 15-30m2
• 2 to 4 kWp
• Generates between 1,500 to 3,000 kWh per year
  (multiply by 750)

35
Grid Connected
36

• Oxford
• 4 kWp of PV Costing 25,000
• Produces slightly more electricity than house
  uses (around 3,000 to 3,500 kWh/annum)

37
Laing Homes Development

• SunslatesTM
• Area covered
• 10 m2 to 24 m2
• Supply between 35 and 70 of each household's
  electricity needs

38
Atterbury Village
Large new-build development 17 PV systems (36.7
kWp)
39
PV Facades

• Blue PV facade, Doxford Business Park.

40
Production Cost
Technology Cost/Wp Efficiency Cost/m2
Monocrystalline silicon Polycrystalline silicon Amorphous silicon Cadmium Telluride Copper Indium Diselenide Marble cladding material 3.50 2.50-3.50 2.00-3.50 3.50 4.00 15 8-12 4-6 7 9 525 200-420 80-210 250 360 600-1000
41
Installed Cost

• 6-7/Watt
• 2kWp system 12-14K
• A grant is now available
• 0800 298 3978
• www.solarpvgrants.co.uk

42
Off Grid Applications

• Satellites
• Calculator
• Navigation bouys
• Boats
• Buildings
• Lighting
• Car park ticket machines
• And so on

43
Street Furniture
Parking meter
Bus Shelter
44
Street Lighting
PV can power electricity for street lights
removing need for cable laying in street.
45
Small Scale

PV equipment allows power on the move for todays
mobile electronic appliances
46
For security
Security light and alarm
47
For the garden
Solar fountain
Solar ventilator
Garden light
48
PV-Domsys
Encourage the take-up of photovoltaic (solar
electric) systems in the South East Region at a
domestic level

• Marketing campaign  
• Training for planners, building control officers
• Local training for electricians, roofers
• Negotiations with local housing developers,
  electricity companies and financers
• Establishing local demonstration projects
• Organising exhibitions and presentation evenings
• Monitoring of installations

49
Grants for Solar Energy

• Solar PV Grants
• www.solarpvgrants.org.uk
• 0800 298 3978

• Solar Thermal Grants
• -www.clear-skies.org
• -08702 430 930

50
Level of PV Grant

• 20 million over 3 years
• Public bodies, L.A.s, housing associations 60
• SMEs and homes 50
• Large profit making organisations 40

51
PV Grant

• Stream 1 individual/small applications 500Wp
  to 5kWp
• Stream 2 large scale domestic or non domestic
  of 5kWp to 100kWp dealt with in three-monthly
  tranches.
• Grid connected
• BIPV on new and refurbished buildings, both
  domestic and non domestic
• Also non integrated retrofit installations

52
PV Targets

• 3,000 domestic/small installations (6 MW)
• 1500 Stream 1
• 1500 Stream 2 clusters at 140 sites
• 140 medium or large scale non domestic
  installations (3 MW) (Stream 2)
• Training and accreditation for 250 installers

53
Clear Skies Solar Thermal

• Community Grants
• lower of 50 of installed cost or 100k
  regardless of technology
• Feasibility studies
• 75 of costs (max 10k)

54
Technologies grant levels

• Household
• Solar thermal 500
• Wind 1000 per kWe (max 5,000, min 0.5 kWe)
• Micro hydro Same as wind
• GSHP 1,200
• Automated wood pellet stoves 600
• Wood fuelled boilers 50 per kWth (max 1,500)