Modeling CoCreativity in Art and Technology

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Modeling Co-Creativity in Art and Technology

• Linda Candy
• Loughborough University, UK
• Ernest Edmonds
• University of Technology, Sydney

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Overview

• Research Approach
• Residency Studies
• Method
• Models
• Challenges

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Creativity Cognition Research Loughborough
University
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CCRS mission a multi-disciplinary environment
for the advancement and understanding of creative
practice in digital media and the arts
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CCRS mission a multi-disciplinary environment
for the advancement and understanding of practice
in digital media and the arts a space in which
artists and technologists collaborate, experiment
and create new works
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COSTART Project

• COMPUTER SYSTEMS FOR CREATIVE WORK
• AN INVESTIGATION OF ART AND TECHNOLOGY
  COLLABORATION
• A Research Project Supported by the EPSRC
• Engineering and Physical Sciences Research
  Council UK

Creativity and Cognition Research
Studios Loughborough University, UK
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Art Technology Research

• Co-Evolution of Practice and Research
• Discrete but Complementary Activities
• Research Areas
• Creative Process
• Technology Requirements
• Collaboration Models

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Research Areas

• Creative Process
• Nature of art practice role of digital
  technology in creativity
• Technology Requirements
• For creativity support systems
• Collaboration Models
• Of co-creativity between creative people artists
  and technologists, artists as technologists,
  technologists as artists..

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Research Approach

• Practice based
• Participant led
• Process oriented
• Multiple outcomes
• Ethnographic Studies
• Observational
• Action-oriented
• Longitudinal

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Artist-in-Residency Studies

• Practice-Based Research Process
• Practitioner Defined Projects

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Main Residency Studies

• 20 artists technologistsobservers
• 1 year fellowship at CCRS
• Artist-in-Residence Award
• Pre-residency preparation
• Feasibility of proposals
• 5 day residency per artist
• 2 phases
• June/July 1999
• June/July 2002
• Exhibition at Creativity and Cognition 2002

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Multiple Viewpoints
technologist
observer
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Multiple Viewpoints

• Artist viewpoint
• Self-evaluation
• Technologist viewpoint
• Self Other evaluation
• Observer
• All participants-Outsider evaluation
• Provides three perspectives on creative process

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Analysis Process

• Stage 1 Test run data analysis
• Derive features from data
• Apply to casesderive models
• Stage 2 Repeat data analysis
• Derive checklists from S1 models
• Apply checklists to text data
• Confirm/disconfirm S1 models
• Refine models

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Stage 1 Analysis

• Derive features from data
• Document data as texts for all cases
• Identify features from all texts
• Apply values to each case
• Compare all cases
• Match results to success criteria
• Derive models of collaboration
• Guide good practice

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Stage 1 Analysis
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Stage 1 Analysis
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Dimensions-Features

• Cognitive style
• Communication style
• Knowledge use
• Features of Cognitive Style
• the approach used to carry out the project
• the role adopted by the participants
• the ethic adopted that drove the process
• the value placed upon level of control over the
  process
• whether the methods used were wholly digital or
  combined traditional media with digital ones

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Features of Cognitive Style
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Features of Communication Style
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Features of Knowledge Use
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Stage 1 Analysis
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Application to Each Case
Features with Values for Case Study 7
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Compare Cases
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Measures of Success

• 'Subjective'
• Participant evaluation of collaboration success
• (from primary data - transcription records)
• 'Objective'
• External evaluation of outcomes of collaboration
• (exhibitions, commissions, prototype completion,
  etc)

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Results
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Stage 1 Analysis
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Example Model of Collaboration
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Models of Collaboration
technologist
technologist
technologist
artist
artist
artist
Creative concept
Creative concept
Creative concept
Construction
Construction
Construction
Evaluation
Evaluation
Evaluation
Assistant Full partnership
Partnership artist in control
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Stage 1 Analysis
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Describe Best Practice

• Artists need
• heterogeneous resources for a broad range of
  needs
• access to high end facilities and tailored
  digital systems
• access to well communicated human expertise
• an ability to reflect and learn from
  technologists
• Technologists need
• good communication skills as well as technical
  skills
• an ability to listen and learn from listening
• an ability to suppress the urge to promote a
  course of action that is technically feasible
  but not artistically valid

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Assistant Model of Co-Creativity

• Roles are clearly differentiated
• Artist defines creative concept
• Technologist implements technical solution
• Artist evaluates results
• Shared knowledge minimal
• Separate language and terminology
• Need more time to develop common vision

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Partnership Model of Co-Creativity

• Roles are equal but different
• Partners generate, implement and evaluate
  together
• Computer enhances co-creativity
• New digital forms developed
• Technology is not all available in the
  marketplace

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Successful Partnerships

• Require
• Common Vision
• Shared Language
• Sustained Engagement
• Recovery Time

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Challenges for Co-Creativity

• Partnership or Assistant Model?
• Implications
• --gt Co-ownership
• Property rightsintellectual value
• --gt Collaboration skills
• Prima Donna Team Leader Team Player

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Conclusions

• Co-Creativity with Emerging Technology requires
• Effective Models of Collaboration
• Multi-disciplinary Contributions
• Sustainability of Creative Process
• New Concepts of Ownership
• Evidence-based Research

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COSTART-Phase 1 Artists Technologists

• Joan Ashworth
• Dave Everitt
• Beverley Hood
• Peter Lowe
• Anthony Padgett
• Mike Quantrill
• Esther Rolinson
• Sarah Tierney

• Ernest Edmonds
• Tom Hewett
• Colin Machin
• Bill Marshall
• Andre Schappo
• Greg Turner
• Manu Uniyal
• Paul Wormald

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COSTART Phase 2 Artists and Technologists

• Adriano Abbado
• Kirsty Beilharz
• David Corbett
• Gina Czarnecki
• Pip Greasley
• Sarah Minney
• Jack Ox
• George Saxon
• Yasunao Tone
• Ray Ward

• John Connolly
• Ernest Edmonds
• Mark Fell
• Raymond Fong
• Roger Knott
• Colin Machin
• Sandra Pauletto
• Andre Schappo
• Manu Uniyal
• Alastair Weakley

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