Coronary Artery Disease and Osteopenia

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Coronary Artery Disease and Osteopenia
Lisa Mitchell Holly DeGroot Alissa Swank Jennifer
Waag
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• Gloria has coronary artery disease and
  experiences angina with exertion, so her mobility
  is limited and she is becoming unsteady on her
  feet. She was diagnosed with osteopenia, so her
  doctor recommended her increasing her level of
  exercise.
• Question What is a method of load-bearing
  exercise that will increase Glorias muscle
  strength, yet produce the least amount of stress
  on her heart?

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Coronary Artery Disease

• Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) occurs when
  coronary arteries that supply blood to the heart
  muscle become hardened and narrowed due to plaque
  buildup on their inner walls, decreasing the
  lumen size and reducing blood flow. Since blood
  flow to the heart is reduced, much-needed oxygen
  isnt able to reach the heart, and a person may
  experience angina or a heart attack.

• Angina chest pain or discomfort that occurs
  when the heart does not get enough blood.

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Osteopenia

• Osteopenia occurs when bone mineral density
  (BMD) is lower than normal peak, but not low
  enough to be diagnosed as osteoporosis. Having
  osteopenia increases the risk of developing
  osteoporosis.
• What causes Osteopenia? Bones become thinner and
  weaker with age because the rate of bone
  resorption exceeds the rate of new bone
  formation. There is more osteoclast then
  osteoblast activity.
• Other factors that can cause osteopenia
  include eating disorders, metabolism problems,
  chemotherapy, medications, radiation exposure,
  family history, being thin, white or Asian
  decent, limited exercise, smoking, regular
  drinking of cola drinks, excessive alcohol.

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Build Strong Bones

• Bone development is influenced by a number of
  factors, including nutrition, exposure to
  sunlight, hormonal secretions, and physical
  exercise.
• Why load-bearing exercise?
• Bone is deposited in proportion to the
  compressional load it must carry.
• Physical stress (muscle pull on bone) stimulates
  calcification and osteoblastic activity, which
  builds stronger bones.

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You Go Gloria!!!

• Exercise for Osteopenia
• Yoga
• Resistance Bands
• Walking
• Home Exercises

• Exercise Regime
• Prolonged warm-up (at least 10 min.) with
  stretching
• Aerobic phase (intensity no greater than warm-up)
• Intermittent exercise (alternate work/rest)
• Breathing should be emphasized to prevent
  breath-holding

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Benefits of Yoga

• Slow dynamic and static movements
• Effort is minimized and relaxed
• Energizing (breathing is natural or controlled)
• Balanced activity of opposing muscle groups
• Pulse rate decreases
• Respiratory rate decreases
• Blood pressure decreases
• Musculoskeletal flexibility and joint
• range of motion increase
• Posture improves
• Strength and resiliency increase
• Pain decreases
• Balance improves

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Analogy 1 Dont Wake Daddy!!!

• Daddy heart that needs to rest
• Kids exercise thats trying not to wake-up
  the heart
• Midnight Treat benefits of exercise (bone
  strength and muscle strength)

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Analogy 2 Shoemaker and the Elves

• Shoemaker resting heart
• Elves exercise trying not to overwork the
  heart
• Shoes benefits of exercise (muscle strength
  and bone formation)

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References

• Coronary Artery Disease http//www.nhlbi.nih.gov
  /health/dci/Diseases/Cad/CAD_Causes.html
• Exercise Guidelines for Angina Patients
  http//www.fitnessmanagement.com/FM/tmpl/genPage.a
  sp?p/information/articles/library/webfact/webfact
  0899.html
• Osteopenia Exercises http//www.osteopenia3.com
  /osteopenia-exercises.html
• Osteoporosis http//www.ideasforwomen.com/healt
  h/osteoporosis1.php
• Bone Development and Structure
  http//www.nsbri.org/HumanPhysSpace/focus6/ep_deve
  lopment.html