Media selection

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Media selection

• Mart Laanpere

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Instructional media - definitions

• physical means to communicate instructional
  message (Gagne)
• amalgam of stimulus modes - human interaction,
  realia, pictures, written symbols, sound
  (Rowntree)
• software with the necessary hardware in a
  particular context of instructional communication
  (Heidt)

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Media types (Dales cone)

• Written text
• Symbols, icons
• Graphs, plots
• Recorded audio
• Pictures
• Video, film
• Live audio
• Live presentation
• Performance

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Media attributes

• Sensory modality (reading or listening one or
  two channels)
• Symbolic modality (verbal or nonverbal)
• Design cues (typography, color, texture, motion
  vs. still, intonation)
• Locus of control (pace, sequence)
• Interactive features (feedback, collaboration)

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Media selection factors

• Type of learning task
• Teachers attitudes, skills etc.
• Characteristics of students
• Methods selection
• Practical constraints
• Physical conditions
• Target population
• Subject matter and required student performance

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ACTIONS model (by T. Bates)

• Access
• Cost
• Teaching and learning
• Interactivity and user-friendliness
• Organisation
• Speed

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Research on instructional media

• Overall conclusion most media may be used
  effectively for the attainment of different
  objectives, also most objectives may be achieved
  through any of a variety of media
• The No Significant Difference phenomenon
• Focusing on the learner based on
  Aptitude-Treatment Interaction approach
• Multimedia, hypermedia, WWW as a killer app