Grammar

1
?? ??? ???.
Lesson 1 ? 1 ?

• Grammar
• Subject Marker ?/?
• Verbs ???/???
• What ?/??
• Location Marker ?

2
Basic Korean Sentence Structure

• The VERB always comes LAST in a Korean sentence.
• The SUBJECT and the OBJECT of the verb, including
  location words, have a special SUFFIXLIKE MARKER
  whose function is to indicate the grammatical
  role of the noun it attaches to.

3
1.1 Subject Marker ?/?

• Consonants/? Vowels/?
• ??? ??? ??? ???
• In spoken Korean, the subject marker is
  frequently omitted.

4
1.2 ???/??? There is/is no

• ??? means There is/are, or exists.
• ??? means There is no, or the opposite of ???.
• ???/??? express existence or lacking.
• E.g ??? ???. There is an exam /there are
  exams.
• ??? ???. There is no homework.

5
1.3 Expression of What- ?/??

• ??the full form of what in Korean, usually used
  in written Korean.
• ?the shortened form of what, used in
  conversational Korean.

6
1.3 What- ?/??-Cond

• Making questionsthe question word is not placed
  at the front of the sentence.
• E.g ?? ?? ???? What is there tomorrow?
• ?? ??? ?? Wrong
• Simply change the noun in question to ?, which
  stays where the original noun would be.

7
1.3 What- ?/??-Cond

• The subject of the sentence with the subject
  marker(?? ???? /??? ????)is asked, then the
  subject of the sentence marked with the subject
  marker must be answered.
• E.g A?? ?? ???? What is there tomorrow?
• B ?? ??? ???. There is a test
  tomorrow.

8
1.4 Location Marker in, at, on- ?

• The location phrase comes first, then the
  subject, and finally the verb.
• E.g ??? ??? ???. There is a chair/there are
  chairs in the classroom.
• ???? ??? ???. There is no chalkboard in the
  office.
• -? is never dropped after a noun.