computer Integrated manufacturing

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computer Integrated manufacturing
Larry Whitman whitman_at_imfge.twsu.edu (316)
691-5907 [phone]
Industrial Manufacturing Enterprise
Department The Wichita State University http//www
.mrc.twsu.edu/whitman/classes/ie775
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Why networking?

• most computer Integrated manufacturing is (or at
  least starts with) data integration.
• common way to integrate is to use networks
• everything is not always by the same vendor (or
  the same version of the same vendor)

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Communication Fundamentals

• One way
• Two way
• Different media have different advantages and
  disadvantages
• Bandwidth - frequency range (how big the pipe
  is), affects throughput
• bps - bits per second
• baud - data transmission speed (replaced by bps)

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Terms/explanations
baseband - uses base (unaltered) frequency lower
frequency transmissions (to DC) Synchronous
multiplexing - signal at precise timed and
sequential intervals Asynchronous multiplexing -
random sequence Modulation - superimposing a
signal on top of a carrier frequency Demodulation
- recovering a superimposed signal
(modem) broadband - high frequencies (many
channels)
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Baseband and broadband
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Digital

• Think in binary
• EBCDIC (8 bit)
• ASCII (7 bit) (8th bit for error checking)
• Serial transmission in 8 bit bytes
• sent in frames
• frame fields
• synchronisation code
• destination address
• control information
• data
• frame-checking field

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LANs

• intercomputer communication
• sharing data between PCs
• mainframe providing it all to several PCs
  connected by a LAN providing it all
• LAN local - over a limited distance (lt20 miles)

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LANs (cont)

• Features
• Signal transmission (modulation method)
• Interconnection medium (physical links)
• Topology (layout)
• Access control method

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LANs (cont) Topology

• fig 7.4

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Ethernet

• first LAN standard (Xerox, then DEC and Intel)
• listen and send if no one else is sending
• contention and collision (delays are okay)

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Token passing

• token provides temporary ownership (priority) of
  the network (transmission rights)
• message is a packet of data.
• IBM
• high reliability

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Advantages of Networks

• share resources
• fault tolerance
• increased economy
• better communication
• flexibility

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LAN Implementations

• fig 7.5

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Client-server

• fig 7.6

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Multi-Tiered LANs

• fig 7.7

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WANs

• MAN - metropolitan area network
• WAN - wide area network, spans cities or
  countries
• WAN error rates higher (slower and uses
  telephones lines)

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WANs switching

• circuit switching
• message switching
• packet switching

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Other considerations

• security and administration
• performance
• flexibility
• user interface
• installation

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Open systems

• def from 157
• a system that in implements sufficient open
  specifications or standards for interfaces,
  services, and supporting formats to enable
  properly engineered applications software to be
  ported with minimal changes across a wide range
  of systems from one or more suppliers to
  interoperate with other applications on local and
  remote systems to interact with people in a
  style which facilitates user portability.

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open specifications

• def from 157
• Specifications that are maintained by an
  organization that uses an open, public consensus
  process to accommodate new technologies and user
  requirements over time.

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7 layer OSI reference model

• fig 8.1

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MUSIC

• M - management
• U - user interface
• S - service interface for programs
• I - information and data formats
• C - communication interfaces

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Next Class

• Chapter 9!