EDK Introduction

1
EDK Introduction
2
Objectives

• After completing this module, you will be able
  to
• Describe the embedded systems development flow
• Understand the components in the hardware design
• Specify ways to create a hardware design
• Identify the tools included in EDK
• Locate the EDK documentation

3
Outline

• Introduction
• EDK
• Overview of EDK
• Embedded Development Design Flow
• XPS Platform Management
• Supported Platforms
• Appendix Project Files and Structures

4
Embedded Systems

• An embedded system is nearly any computing system
  (other than a general-purpose computer) with the
  following characteristics
• Single-functioned
• Typically, is designed to perform predefined
  function
• Tightly constrained
• Tuned for low cost
• Single-to-fewer components based
• Performs functions fast enough
• Consumes minimum power
• Reactive and real-time
• Must continually monitor the desired environment
  and react to changes
• Hardware and software co-existence

5
Embedded Systems

• Examples
• Mobile phone systems
• Customer handsets and base stations
• Communication devices
• Wired and wireless routers and switches
• Automotive applications
• Braking systems, traction control, airbag release
  systems, and cruise-control applications
• Aerospace applications
• Flight-control systems, engine controllers,
  auto-pilots and passenger in-flight entertainment
  systems
• Defense systems
• Radar systems, fighter aircraft flight-control
  systems, radio systems, and missile guidance
  systems

6
Current Technologies

• Microcontroller-based systems
• DSP processor-based systems
• ASIC technology
• FPGA technology

7
Integration in System Design
Integration of Functions
Time
8
Embedded Design in an FPGA

• Embedded design in an FPGA consists of the
  following
• FPGA hardware design
• C drivers for hardware
• Software design
• Software routines
• Interrupt service routines (optional)
• Real Time Operating System (RTOS) (optional)

9
PowerPC-based Embedded Design
Full system customization to meet performance,
functionality, and cost goals
10
MicroBlaze Processor-Based Embedded Design
I-Cache BRAM
Local Memory Bus
Flexible Soft IP
BRAM
Configurable Sizes
D-Cache BRAM
Fast Simplex Link
0,1.7
CacheLink
Off-Chip Memory
FLASH/SRAM
SRAM
11
Outline

• Introduction
• EDK
• Overview of EDK
• Embedded Development Design Flow
• XPS Platform Management Hardware Design
• Supported Platforms
• Appendix Project Files and Structures

12
Embedded Development Kit

• What is Embedded Development Kit (EDK)?
• The Embedded Development Kit is the Xilinx
  software suite for designing complete embedded
  programmable systems
• The kit includes all the tools, documentation,
  and IP that you require for designing systems
  with embedded IBM PowerPC hard processor cores,
  and/or Xilinx MicroBlaze soft processor cores
• It enables the integration of both hardware and
  software components of an embedded system

13
Embedded DevelopmentTool Flow Overview
Instantiate the System Netlist and Implement
the FPGA
Include the BSP and Compile the Software Image
1
2
3
RTOS, Board Support Package
14
Embedded System Tools

• GNU software development tools
• C/C compiler for the MicroBlaze and PowerPC
  processors (gcc)
• Debugger for the MicroBlaze and PowerPC
  processors (gdb)
• Hardware and software development tools
• Base System Builder Wizard
• Hardware netlist generation tool PlatGen
• Software Library generation tool LibGen
• Simulation model generation tool SimGen
• Create/Import Peripherals Wizard
• Xilinx Microprocessor Debug (XMD)
• Hardware debugging using ChipScope Pro Analyzer
  cores
• Eclipse IDE-based Software Development Kit (SDK)
• Application code profiling tools
• Virtual Platform generator VPGen
• Flash Writer utility

15
Embedded System Tools

• Board Support Packages (BSPs)
• Standalone BSP
• Wind River VxWorks
• MontaVista Linux
• Xilinx MicroKernel (XMK)
• Xilinx Platform Studio
• Xilinx Platform Studio (XPS) is a graphical
  Integrated Design Environment (IDE) that
  incorporates all the Embedded System Tools for
  seamless creation of hardware and software
  components and, optionally, a verification
  component

16
Xilinx Platform Studio (XPS)
See notes section for detailed explanation
17
XPS Functions

• Project management
• MHS or MSS file
• XMP file
• Software application management

• Platform management
• Tool flow settings
• Software platform settings
• Tool invocation
• Debug and simulation

XPS
HW/SW Simulation
Hardware Design
HW/SW Debug
Software Design
18
Outline

• Introduction
• EDK
• Overview of EDK
• Embedded Development Design Flow
• XPS Platform Management
• Supported Platforms
• Appendix Project Files and Structures

19
Project Management

• Create a new project
• Using File ? New Project or toolbar button
  
• Select Base System Builder option
• The Base System Builder (BSB) wizard is a
  software tool that helps you quickly build a
  working system targeted at a specific development
  board
• Select Blank XPS Project option
• Open an existing project
• Using File ? Open Project or toolbar button
  
• Browse to a pre-created project directory and
  selecting an xmp file
• Using File ? New Project or toolbar button
• Select Open a Recent Project option and selecting
  a project
• Project information is saved in the Xilinx
  Microprocessor Project (XMP) file

20
Project Creation Using Base System Builder (BSB)
Option

• Select a target board
• Select a processor
• Configure the processor
• Select and configure I/O interfaces
• Add internal peripherals
• Generate the system software and the linker
  script

• Generate the design
• Generated files
• system.mhs system.mss
• System.xmp data/system.ucf
• etc/fast_runtime.opt etc/download.cmd
• pcore directory (empty) system.bsb (optional, if
  selected)
• TestApp_Memory/src directory containing
  (optional, if selected)
• TestApp_Memory.c TestApp_Memory_LinkScr.ld
• TestApp_Peripheral/src directory containing
  (optional, if selected)
• TestApp_Peripheral TestApp_Peripheral/src/TestApp
  _Periperal_LinkScr.ld

21
Project CreationUsing Blank XPS Project Option

• Identify a New XPS Project location
• Select target FPGA, and optionally import an MHS
  file and/or user repository directory
• Using IP Catalog add processor(s) and
  peripheral(s)
• Configure the processor(s) and peripherals
• Specify Software Configuration for the hardware
  components
• Develop application software
• Generate Bitstream
• Download Bitstream and Execute

22
EDK Tool Flow
Simulation Generator
Hardware Platform Generation
Library Generation
CompEDKLib
CompXLib
MSS
MHS
TestbenchStimulus
IP Models
ISE Models
IP Library or User Repository
SimGen
Drivers,MDD
EDK SWLibraries
LibGen
PlatGen
MPD, PAO
.a
PCoreHDL
System andWrapper VHD
BehavioralVHD Model
system.BMM
ISETools
Embedded Software Development
Synthesis (XST)
NGC
ApplicationSource.c, .h, .s
SimGen
NGDBuild
UCF
NGD
Compiler (GCC)
StructuralVHD Model
MAP
.o
NCD, PCF
Linker (GCC)
PAR
NCD
BitGen
system.BIT
SimGen
system_BD.BMM
ELF
BitInit
TimingVHD Model
download.BIT
Simulation
download.CMD
iMPACT
23
Hardware Creation Flow

• Platform Generator PlatGen
• Input file ? MHS and MPD
• MHS file defines the configuration of the
  embedded processor system including bus
  architecture, peripherals and processor(s),
  interrupt request priorities, and address space
• MPD file defines the configurable parameters with
  their default values and available ports for a
  peripheral
• Output files ? system netlist, peripheral
  netlists, and BMM file
• Creates the synthesis, HDL, and implementation
  directories
• Generates the HDL wrapper files for the
  peripherals
• Generates the top-level system HDL file
• Extracts the peripheral netlists from the EDK
  install directory
• Generates the BMM file
• Calls XST to synthesize the top-level wrapper file

24
Hardware Implementation Flow

• Hardware netlists must be implemented with the
  Xilinx implementation tools
• Either the ISE Project Navigator or Xflow batch
  tool can be used to implement the design
• The ISE Project Navigator GUI gives you access to
  the whole suite of Xilinx design entry and
  physical implementation point tools
• Xflow is a non-graphical tool that encapsulates
  the Xilinx implementation and simulation flows
• Device independent and has a simple interface to
  the Xilinx tools that is flexible, extensible,
  and user customizable
• Using this batch tool enables an abbreviated and
  simplified flow

25
Hardware Implementation XPS/Xflow

• Xflow Implement hardware and generate the
  bitstream
• Input files ? .ngc netlists, .bmm file,
  system.vhd, .ucf
• Output Files ? system.bit, system_bd.bmm
• Xflow calls the ISE Implementation tools using
  fast_runtime.opt file
• NGDBuild, MAP, PAR, and TRACE are executed
• Xflow then calls the BitGen program using
  bitgen.ut file
• BitGen generates the bit file system.bit
• BitGen also generates the back-annotated
  system_bd.bmm BMM file, which contains the
  physical location of the block RAMs

26
Hardware Implementation ISE/XPS Flow

• The ISE/XPS flow provides integration of a
  processor system at two levels as a component in
  a FPGA design
• The processor system is the top-level design
• The processor system is a submodule
• Once the processor system is added in the ISE
  project, XPS can be invoked from ISE by selecting
  xmp file in Sources window and double-clicking
  Manage Processor System in the Processes window
• Add user constraint file in ISE
• Implement design in ISE by selecting top-level
  module in Sources window and double-clicking
  Implement Design in Processes window
• Executable software can be merged by selecting
  top-level module in Sources window and
  double-clicking Update Bitstream with Processor
  Data in Processes window
• This will call XPS in background to update the
  bitstream and generate system.bit and
  download.bit files in implementation directory as
  well as copy the file as system_stub.bit and
  system_stub_download.bit files in the ISE project
  directory

27
Software Flow Library Generation

• Library Generator LibGen
• Input files ? MSS
• Output files ? libc.a, libXil.a, libm.a
• LibGen is generally the first tool run to
  configure libraries and device drivers
• The MSS file defines the drivers associated with
  peripherals, standard input/output devices,
  interrupt handler routines, and other related
  software features
• LibGen configures libraries and drivers with this
  information and produces an archive of object
  files
• libc.a - Standard C library
• libXil.a - Xilinx library
• libm.a - Math functions library

28
Software FlowCompilation

• Compile program sources
• Input files ? .c, .c, .h, libc.a, libXil.a,
  libm.a
• Output files ? executable.elf
• This invokes the compiler for each software
  application and builds the executable files for
  each processor
• Four stages
• Pre-processor Replaces all macros with
  definitions as defined in the .c or .h files
• Machine-specific and language-specific compiler
  Compiles C/C code
• Assembler Converts code to machine language and
  generates the object file
• Linker Links all the object files using
  user-defined or default linker script

29
Merging Hardware and Software Flows
Hardware Flow
Software Flow
data2MEM
download.bit
30
Merging Hardware and Software Flows

• Data2MEM Update the bitstream
• Input files ? system_bd.bmm, system.bit,
  executable.elf
• Output file ? download.bit
• This invokes the BitInit tool, which initializes
  the instruction memory of the processor
• The instruction memory may be initialized with a
  bootloop, bootloader, or an actual application
• This is the stage where the hardware and the
  software flows come together. This stage also
  calls the hardware and software flow tools if
  required

31
Configuring the FPGA

• Download the bitstream
• Input file ? download.bit
• This downloads the download.bit file onto the
  target board using the Xilinx iMPACT tool in
  batch mode
• XPS uses the etc/download.cmd file for
  downloading the bitstream
• The download.cmd file contains information such
  as the type of cable is used and the position of
  the FPGA in a JTAG chain

32
Outline

• Introduction
• EDK
• Overview of EDK
• Embedded Development Design Flow
• XPS Platform Management
• Supported Platforms
• Appendix Project Files and Structures

33
Platform Management

• XPS manages the interaction of the following
  tools
• Platform generator (PlatGen)
• Library and device driver configuration (LibGen)
• Simulation model generation (SimGen)
• Implementation (Xflow or ISE)
• Compilation (GNU Compiler)
• Bitstream initialization (Data2MEM)
• For changing the system specification and
  software settings, XPS supports the following
  features and processes
• Add cores, edit core parameters, and make bus and
  port connections through System Assembly view
• Generate and modify MSS file through Software
  Platform Settings
• Tool Flow Settings
• Tool Invocation

34
Add/Edit Cores

• Add cores, edit core parameters, and make bus and
  port connections through System Assembly view
• Select IP Catalog tab to add peripherals
• Select a core and drop it in the system view or
  double-click on it to add
• In the System View select an instance, right
  click, and then select Delete Instance
• Change settings using appropriate filters and
  select an instance
• Base and end addresses
• Parameters
• Ports

1
3
2
1
3
2
35
Software Platform Settings

• Sets all of the software platform-relatedoptions
  in the design
• Has multiple forms selection
• Software Platform
• CPU Driver
• OS and OS Version selection
• Libraries selection
• Set core clock frequencies
• OS and Libraries
• Identify stdin and stdout devices
• Configure OS and selected libraries
• Drivers
• Select drivers and versions
• Core clock frequency
• Interrupt Handlers
• Enter interrupt handler function names

36
Project Options Settings

• XPS supports project options settings for
• Device and Repository tab
• Hierarchy and Flow tab
• HDL and Simulation tab

37
Project OptionsDevice and Repository Tab

• Set/Change Target Device
• Architecture
• Device Size
• Package
• Grade
• Peripheral Repository Directory
• Provide path to custom IP not present in the
  current project directory structure
• Custom Makefile Directory

Note Detailed information on the other two tabs
is provided in the Adding Your Own IP to the OPB
Bus and the System Simulation modules in this
course.
38
Outline

• Introduction
• EDK
• Project Management
• Software Application Management
• Platform Management
• Supported Platforms
• Appendix Project Files and Structures

39
Supported Platforms

• Operating systems
• Windows 2000 (Service Pack 2)
• Windows XP
• Solaris Operating System 2.8/2.9
• Linux Red Hat Enterprise 3.0
• FPGA families
• Spartan-II/IIE (MicroBlaze processor)
• Spartan-3/3E (MicroBlaze processor)
• Virtex and Virtex-E (MicroBlaze processor)
• Virtex-II (MicroBlaze processor)
• Virtex-II Pro (MicroBlaze and PowerPC
  processors)
• Virtex-4 FX (MicroBlaze and PowerPC processors)
  and LX/SX (MicroBlaze processor)

40
BSB-Supported Platforms

• A list of supported Xilinx hardware boards
• AFX board
• Spartan-3 Starter Board
• Virtex-4 ML401 Evaluation Platform
• Virtex-4 ML402 Evaluation Platform
• Virtex-4 ML403 Evaluation Platform
• Virtex-II Multimedia FF896 Development Board
• Virtex-II Pro ML300 Evaluation Platform
• Virtex-II Pro ML310 Evaluation Platform
• XUP Virtex-2 Pro Educational Platform (.xbd files
  downloadable from XUP web)
• Custom board
• Board definition (.xbd) files for third party
  boards can be downloaded from the board vendor
  web site
• Links from the BSB wizard and Xilinx embedded Web
  page

41
Knowledge Check

• What is the MHS file?
• What does the PlatGen tool do?
• What tool is used to place executable code in an
  FPGA block RAM?

42
Knowledge Check

• How can you add or change configuration settings
  once the hardware system is build?
• What does the LibGen tool do?
• What is the difference between system.bit and
  download.bit files?

43
Where Can I Learn More?

• Tool documentation
• Getting Started with the Embedded Development Kit
• Processor IP Reference Guide
• Embedded Systems Tools Guide
• Xilinx Drivers
• Processor documentation
• PowerPC Processor Reference Guide
• PowerPC 405 Processor Block Reference Guide
• MicroBlaze Processor Reference Guide
• Support Website
• Tech Tips www.xilinx.com/xlnx/xil_tt_home.jsp
• EDK Website www.xilinx.com/edk

44
Outline

• Introduction
• EDK
• Overview of EDK
• Embedded Development Design Flow
• XPS Platform Management
• Supported Platforms
• Appendix Project Files and Structures

45
Project Directory Structure
46
Project Files and Structure

• ppc405_0 / microblaze_0
• include
• .h header files
• libsrc
• BSP, drivers, etc.
• lib
• libc.a file
• libm.a file
• libxil.a file
• boot.o file
• Code (default repository if user application is
  not defined)
• executable.elf file

47
Project Files and Structure

• pcores
• Peripheral IP files
• data
• system.ucf file
• Code or user-defined software application
• .c / .cpp, .h files
• etc
• download.cmd file
• fast_runtime.opt file
• BSDL files

48
Project Files and Structure

• __xps
• makefile
• synthesis
• system.scr file
• HDL
• system.vhdv, system_stub.vhdv file
• Peripheral_wrapper.vhdv files
• implementation
• peripheral_wrapper.ngc files
• system.ngc, system_stub.ngc file
• system.bmm file
• files created if system is a submodule

49
Project Structure
50
Glossary of Tools and Files

• Some of the EDK tools
• LibGen Library Generator. Uses MSS file, copies
  device drivers source files and generates
  software libraries for the defined system
• PlatGen Platform Generator. Uses the MHS and
  MPD files to create an implementation netlist of
  a bus-based sub-system
• SimGen Simulation Generator. Uses MHS file to
  configure and generate a simulation netlist
  pointing to various simulation model types, such
  as SWIFT, BFM, netlist, RTL, etc.

51
Glossary of Tools and Files

• A few of the files the EDK tools generate
• MDD Microprocessor Driver Description
• MHS Microprocessor Hardware Specification
• MPD Microprocessor Peripheral Description
• MSS Microprocessor Software Specification
• PAO Peripheral Analyze Order
• BBD Black Box Definition
• BMM Block RAM Memory Map