CYBERINFRASTRUCTURE FOR THE EARTH SCIENCES - Metamorphic Petrology and Tectonics M.L. Crawford, D. Mirante

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CYBERINFRASTRUCTUREFOR THE EARTH
SCIENCES-Metamorphic Petrology and Tectonics
M.L. Crawford, D. Mirante Bryn Mawr College
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Project Goals

• To ask meaningful questions and do new
  science
• To retrieve and analyze data from disparate
  sources in order to address those questions.
• To produce a controlled vocabulary that can be
  applied to metamorphic and tectonic processes to
  assist in the goals above.
• To develop the infrastructure to serve the data
  analysis needs of scientists, educators,
  students, and the general public.

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Issues for metamorphic petrology

• Access - To develop databases as few data are
  currently available in digital format.
• Visualize - To identify and adapt smart tools for
  data analysis and presentation and make them
  widely available.

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Issues for metamorphic petrology

• Analyze - To develop access to computational
  resources for analysis
• Model - To encourage interactions through GEON to
  assist in development of tectonic models using
  petrological as well as other data.

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Current Bryn Mawr research activities

• DEVELOP ONTOLOGIES
• HELP DESIGN DATABASE SCHEMAS FOR METAMORPHIC
  ROCKS
• COMPILE DIGITAL GEOLOGIC MAPS OF METAMORPHIC AND
  TECTONIC FEATURES - MidAtlantic
• MAKE THESE PRODUCTS AVAILABLE OVER THE WEB

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Overview concept map for determining equilibrium
via metamorphic petrology
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Types of data

• Areal distribution of data on maps.
• Minerals present
• Mineral and rock chemistry
• Rock textures and fabrics
• Mineral ages
• Experimental data
• Tectonic setting

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Tools - distribution of data on maps.

• GIS mapping - using CARIS

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ACCOMPLISHED Digitized detailed geological map -
Northern mid-Atlantic
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Nested in this map are compilations of detailed
information from the literature on petrology,
structure and geochronology
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Zoom in on area of interest - showing sample sites
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Show on the map all the locations with kyanite
and staurolite
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Tools

• Graphical representations of phase equilibria
• -in this example related to the map just shown.

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P

• Identify all the areas on the phase diagram
  (outlined by mineral equilibrium curves) that
  contain both kyanite and staurolite.
• Obtain PT data from the diagram.

T and P of point indicated
T
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Tools

• Programs for calculating and displaying phase
  equilibria - obtain and serve programs developed
  elsewhere.

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Programs - identified thus far

• AX - (Holland)
• Bayes - (Chatterjee, Krüger, Haller, Olbricht )
• CSpace - (Djinn Works)
• EQMIN - (Martin)
• Ge0-Calc - (Brown, Berman, Perkins)
• GIBBS - (Spear)
• GTB - (Kohn and Spear)
• Perplex - (Connolly)
• THERIAK-DOMINO - (de Capitani).
• WEBINVEQ - (Gordon)

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Types of data

• Areal distribution of data on maps.
• Minerals present
• Mineral and rock chemistry
• Rock textures and fabrics
• Mineral ages
• Experimental data
• Tectonic setting

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Database on rock melting experiments

• 17 Tables
• Bibliographic
• Experimental Data
• Experimental conditions
• Starting material
• Mineral/glass chemical data (Plg, Grt, etc.)

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Query result - all glass compositions coexisting
with garnet - plotted on a standard petrological
triangular diagram
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Next - link garnet chemistry to each point on
this diagram
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Issues that need to be addressed

• Sample ID issues - need a unique ID
• one sample may have many numbers or names in
  different publications
• different researchers may use the same sample
  number
• mentioned as a GEON priority
• PETDB is also working on this issue

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Near term Goals

• Continue to develop a GIS-like system to relate
  tabular and spatial data beyond maps.
• This can give textural context to published
  (and other) data, from the mineral and thin
  section scale to outcrop and regional scale.

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Near term Goals

• Develop a GIS-like system to relate tabular and
  spatial data beyond maps.
• maps integrated with chemical analyses, ages,
  etc.
• hand sample images integrated with SEM images,
  analyses, x-ray maps, etc. as well as with the
  geological maps.

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Who is our audience?

• Undergraduate students
• Graduate students
• Researchers
• General geologists

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Future Plans

• Work closely with the ISES Working group on
  developing and deploying a Database for
  Metamorphic Petrology.

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Future Plans

• Work closely with the ISES Working group on
  developing and deploying a Database for
  Metamorphic Petrology.
• Allow access to GEON ontology development and
  encourage the community to provide input and
  suggestions for improvements.

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Future Plans

• Develop a Geo-Informatics oriented curriculum at
  Bryn Mawr College in collaboration with the
  computer science department.

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Where is this leading?

• Integrate metamorphic data with data from igneous
  rocks and with sedimentological and
  paleontological information to develop a refined
  regional model for tectonic activity in the
  mid-Atlantic since about 1 Bya

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Where is this leading?

• Integrate metamorphic data with data from igneous
  rocks and with sedimentological and
  paleontological information to develop a refined
  regional model for tectonic activity in the
  mid-Atlantic since about 1 Bya
• Encourage colleagues and students to take
  advantages of the GEON resources for their
  research and teaching.

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Program details

• AX (Holland). Calculation of activities in
  mineral end-members from chemical analyses
• Bayes (Chatterjee, Krüger, Haller, Olbricht ).
  an interactive program for computing, viewing,
  and plotting P-T, T-XCO2, P-XCO2, and T-fO2 phase
  diagrams
• CSPACE (Djinn Works) program for the graphical
  and algebraic analysis of compositional data.
• EQMIN (Martin). Excel spreadsheet to perform
  thermodynamic calculations.

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Program details - continued

• Ge0-Calc (Brown, Berman, Perkins). Calculation
  and display of pressure-temperature-composition
  phase diagrams.
• GIBBS (Spear). Macintosh thermodynamic database
  for metamorphic phase equilibria
• GPT (Reche and Martinez). an Excel Spreadsheet
  for thermobarometric calculations in metapelitic
  rocks.
• GTB (Kohn and Spear). Macintosh
  Geo-ThermoBarometry program.

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Program details - continued

• MELTS (Ghiorso). Mineral, silicate liquid, and
  water solution properties
• Perplex (Connolly) Fortran programs for
  petrological phase diagrams, phase equilibria,
  and thermodynamic data.
• THERIAK-DOMINO (de Capitani). Calculation of
  equilibrium assemblages, thermodynamic
  properties, and various types of phase diagram.
  Uses the TWQ data base.
• WEBINVEQ (Gordon). Online version of TWQ 1.02.