Major Geologic Events Caused by Plate Motion

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Major Geologic Events Caused by Plate Motion
Earthquakes, Hot spots, Mountain building,
Volcanoes
By Nick A, Kyle S, Garrett M, Kyle P, Doug V
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Vocabulary

• Fault A break or crack in Earth's crust along
  which movement has occurred is called a fault.
• Converging Boundary Two plates move together or
  converge.
• Collision Boundary Converging plates that are
  both carrying continents, the continents maybe
  welded in to a larger continent.
• Subduction Boundary A form of converging
  boundaries that occurs when one plate plunges
  down under another overriding plate.
• Magma Molten rock under ground.
• Lava Magma that reaches the surface.
• Hot Spots Areas of volcanic activity in the
  middle of plates.
• Earthquake Is a shaking of Earth's crust by a
  release of energy.
• Richter Scale Is designed to be a measure of the
  amounts of energy released by the earthquake.

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Volcanoes

• Opening in the ground that spits out gases, rock,
  and lava.
• Formed when two plates collide into each other.
• Four classifications of volcanoes Active
  intermittent, dormant, and extinct.
• Active- erupts constantly
• Intermittent- erupts a little less than active
• Dormant- hasn't erupted in a while
• Extinct- hasn't erupted in a long time and
  probably never will again.

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Earthquakes

• Occur because the earth lets out sudden energy
  and creates seismic waves
• Measured with seismometers
• Magnitude is measured on the Richter scale
• Formed because tectonic plates move and collide
  or pull apart and puts strain on the plates
• Occur naturally or by humans
• The point where the ground ruptures is called the
  hypocenter
• Common earthquake site is the San Andreas Fault
• It is 1000 miles long

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Mountain Building

• Also known as a process of deformation, which is
  a big word for folding.
• When two sections of the lithosphere collide, and
  one is forced further down into the earth and
  other layers are forced up.
• This makes a mountain.

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Hot Spots

• Heat from Hot spots make a source of magma by
  melting the plate above.
• Since the magma is lighter than the rock it rises
  to the crust and makes an active sea mount
• After a while this continuing process makes a
  volcanic island.
• Plate Movement carries the island away from the
  hot spot, ending the volcanism.
• This process repeats itself, and makes a trail of
  islands.

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Historical Info

• Volcanoes
• Most deadly eruption was the eruption of Krakatoa
  in Indonesia
• Most active volcano is Kilauea in Hawaii
• First recorded eruption was either a painting on
  a wall in an old village or Vesuvius in 79 AD
• Chris Newall is a volcano scientist
• Earthquake
• People used to think that creatures moved under
  the Earth causing earthquakes
• William Stauder is a seismologist
• Largest earthquake was in Chile 1,655 people were
  killed and 3,000 injured

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Historical Info Continued

• Hot Spots
• Ken Pierce is a scientist looking at the
  Yellowstone hot spot
• They power volcanoes, geysers, and hot springs
• There is one known in Yellowstone
• Mountain Building
• Tracy Rushmer is a scientist in Mountain Building
• Andes Mountains, Rocky Mountains and the
  Himalayas are some great mountains formed
• Things that cause mountain building are volcanoes
  and earthquakes

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Real Life

• Volcanoes ruin houses with ash and lava, the
  gases kill people, but they do produce fertile
  farming soil. Some careers are Volcano monitors
  and geologists.
• Earthquakes collapse buildings, ruin roads, and
  makes tsunamis, all resulting in loss of life.
  Drill core logging, seismologists, hydro
  geology, and environmental geology are some jobs.
• Mountain building makes mountains resulting in
  change of weather, ecosystems, and land
  formation. This all effects humans. Jobs include
  meteorologists and geologists.
• Hot Spots create islands, and provide information
  on plate movement. Some jobs include plate
  trackers, and geologists.

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Credits

• volcano image." 3 Oct 2007 lthttp//volcanoe.und.no
  dak.edu/vwdocs/vwlessons/fountain.jpg
• The Founders of Seismology, by Charles Davison.
  May 13, 1997. 3 Oct 2007 http//projects.crustal.u
  csb.edu/understanding/history/history1.html
• Spaulding, Nancy, Earth Science. 1st . Illinois,
  Boston, Dallas, McDoual Little, 1999
• Volcanoes." Oracle Thinkquest. 3 Oct 2007
  http//library.thinkquest.org/03oct/00795/volcanoe
  .html
• Hot Spots." May 5, 1999. 3 Oct 2007
  http//pubs.usgs.gov/dymanic/hoyspots.html
• Oracle Thinkquest." Earthquakes. 3 Oct 2007
  lthttp//library.thinkquest.org/3669/3669/earthquak
  es.htmlgt.
• Historic Earthquakes." USGS. May 18, 2007. 3 Oct
  2007 lthttp//earthquake.usgs.gov/regional/world/ev
  ents/1960_05_22.phpgt.

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Demonstration

• The worksheet we pass out you will complete as
  much as you can, then we will go back to our
  vocab slide, and you can make corrections