Mutations involving chromosome number

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Mutations involving chromosome number

• Aneuploidy or of single chromosomes from a
  diploid set
• Synapsed chromosomes fail to disjoin
  (nondisjunction)
• Normal development based on balanced set of
  genetic information
• Aneuploidy
• Trisomy e.g., Down syndrome
• Monosomy e.g., Turners syndrome
• c. 50 of all spontaneous abortions
• involve aneuploid conditions.
• Polyploidy sets of chromosomes
• to a diploid set.
• Not in humans

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DNA and Biological Anthropology

• Human genome project
• DNA of all 24 different chromosomes sequenced
• 3 billion base pairs
• 3 billion budget
• Chimpanzee genome has also been sequenced
• c. 40 million base pair differences
• c. 30,000 genes in the human genome

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Mitochondrial DNA Advantages over nuclear
DNA for reconstructing evolutionary
history. Patterns of mutation.