Energy

1
Earths Sun-Driven Seasonal Greenhouse
Sun 37,000 x 1017 cal (99.98)
Amount of Energy Reaching the Earths surface
every 24 hours from the Sun. (Estimate from Flint
and Skinner, 1977)
Energy Interacts With Matter - Change Occurs
Crescent Sun
Earths Primary External Energy Sources
NASA Solar System Exploration
2
Activity. People Who Live in Greenhouses
Shouldnt Throw Stones Modeling the
Greenhouse Effect
This activity is designed to provide the
participant with the opportunity to collect data
from a model that will provide the framework to
understanding the Earth and its so behavior as a
greenhouse. Learning Objectives In this
investigation the participant will 1. Measure
temperatures 2. Graph data 3. Analyze data 4.
Understand the Earth as Greenhouse Materials Two
Clear Plastic Bottles 1.5 Cups of Potting
Soil Two Thermometers Tape Plastic Wrap
Rubber band Light bulb (150 watt) and lamp
set up Online Learners Note Because it may be
difficult for you as an online learner to conduct
the investigation. We will take you through the
activity and provide you with a representative
data set
3
Activity. People Who Live in Greenhouses
Shouldnt Throw Stones Modeling the
Greenhouse Effect
Materials Two Clear Plastic Bottles 1.5 Cups of
Potting Soil Two Thermometers Tape Plastic
Wrap Rubber band Light bulb (150 watt) and
lamp set up
Set up
4
Activity 1. People Who Live in Greenhouses
Shouldnt Throw Stones Modeling the Greenhouse
Effect
Stop! Complete Activity 1! Submit Your
Analysis as an Assignment and Continue with the
PowerPoint
5
Earths External Energy Budget
Inflow Outflow
6
The Greenhouse Model
Greenhouse Model
7
The Greenhouse Effect
Greenhouse Model
Earth as a Greenhouse
Diagram to help explain the process of global
warming and how greenhouse gases create the
"greenhouse effect" www.eecs.umich.edu/mathscienc
e/funexperiments/agesubject/lessons/images/diagram
page.html
8
Average composition of the atmosphere up to an
altitude of 25 km
variable gases Greenhouse gases in blue
See Greenhouse Gas Info In Course Folder
9
What happens if we modify the parts and
properties of the atmospheric system?
An Enhanced Greenhouse Effect!!!
10
Inflow
Outflow
The Energy Budget Incoming radiation must
equal outgoing radiation. The atmosphere is
essentially transparent to shortwave radiation
(incoming solar radiation)   The earth absorbs
the shortwave radiation emitted from the sun in
the form of light The earth emits long wave
radiation from its surface in the form of
infrared radiation. The atmosphere absorbs
longwave radiation (outgoing earth
radiation).   Atmospheric gases and clouds
absorb, emit, and reflect radiation.





100
http//asd-www.larc.nasa.gov/erbe/components2.gif
11
Does incoming solar radiation vary?
Total Radiation is Relatively Constant Intensity
Varies
12
Why does intensity vary?
For everytime, there is a season!
13
Why does solar radiation vary?
Seasons - What causes them?
A. Distance of Earth from Sun in its orbit
It is NOT the distance from the sun which
determines our seasons, we are NOT farthest from
the sun during the winter and closer during the
summer
B. Axial tilt of Earth
It is the 23 axial tilt and the angle of
incident light - due to axial tilt.
14
View these Videos from NASA For More Information
Earth Seasons
http//kids.msfc.nasa.gov/earth/seasons/EarthSeaso
ns.asp
Earths Tilt Click on Picture To Begin
Earths Seasons Click on Picture To Begin
15
Seasonal Differences in Incoming Solar Radiation
Result in
From http//sofia.fhda.edu/gallery/geography/less
ons/lesson01.html
Energy Differences Difference in
Temperatures Drive Atmosphere Processes
Drive Hydrosphere Processes
Weather
16
What is WEATHER?
Weather is the air temperature, cloud cover,
precipitation, and wind at any particular time in
any particular place. Weather reflects the
prevailing conditions of the air masses overlying
the land and seas over the entire globe. Weather
patterns over a period of time present a picture
of climate.
What is CLIMATE?
Climate is the overall picture of weather during
periods of seasons or years. It is the
characteristic weather of a region averaged over
some significant interval of time, particularly
as it relates to temperature and precipitation.
Historical records of various sorts (including
geological and recorded history) show us how the
climate of Earth has changed throughout its
history. In recent historical times human
activities such agriculture, development of
cities, use of technology, and changing of
landscapes has been causing additional climate
change.
17
Earths Sun-Driven Seasonal Greenhouse
External Heat Engine Driven by energy from
the sun Drives the physical processes of the
atmosphere and hydrosphere
Diagram to help explain the process of global
warming and how greenhouse gases create the
"greenhouse effect" www.eecs.umich.edu/mathscienc
e/funexperiments/agesubject/lessons/images/diagram
page.html