Networking and Telecommunications Research at OSU

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Networking and Telecommunications Research at OSU

• Raj Jain The Ohio State UniversityColumbus, OH
  43210Jain_at_cse.ohio-State.Edu
• http//www.cse.ohio-state.edu/jain/

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Overview

• Research Personnel
• Networking Trends
• Past Accomplishments
• Current Research and Research Facilities
• Networking and Telecommunications Education

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Research Personnel

• Telecommunications Networks - Raj Jain, Gojko
  Babic, Arjan Durresi
• Wireless Networks - Steve Lai and Raj Jain
• Multimedia Networking - Wu-Chi Feng and Raj Jain
• Protocol Engineering - Mike Liu
• Other CIS Collaborators D.K. Panda, Anish
  Arora, Mukesh Singhal,
• EE Dept Collaborators Mike Fitz, Jennifer Hou,
  Yuan Zhang, and Stan Ahalt

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Social Impact of Networking

• No need to get out for
• Office
• Shopping
• Entertainment
• Education

• Virtual Schools
• Virtual Cash
• Virtual Workplace
• (55 Million US workers will work remotely by
  2000)

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Cave Persons of 2050
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Networking Trends

• Networking Bottleneck
• Networking Age
• Internet-based Economy
• Super-exponential Internet Growth
• Data gt Voice Þ Networking and Telecom Merger

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ATM

• ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode
• ATM Net Data Net Phone Net
• Combination of Internet method of communication
  (packet switching) and phone companies method
  (circuit switching)

ATM
AsynchronousTransfer Mode
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Recent Research Accomplishments

• ATM Traffic Management
• OCARnet State-wide ATM Testbed
• OSU National ATM Performance Testing Lab
• Voice over Data Networks

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ATM Traffic Management

• We invented DECbit scheme in 1986 One Bit in
  the header Þ Go up/Down
• Used now in Frame Relay (FECN)
• Used in ATM (EFCI)
• In July 1994, we proposed Explicit Rate Approach.
  Current standard.
• Two patents. Collaboration with industry.

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Traffic Management Research

• Explicit Feedback Algorithm Shiv Kalayanaraman
• Explicit Rate Indication for Congestion Avoidance
• ERICA is the industry baseline
• TCP/IP over ATM Rohit Goyal
• How to improve TCP/IP performance over ABR/UBR
• ATM over Satellite
• Multicasting Sonia Fahmy
• 1 to n, n to 1, n to n communication with
  Feedback
• Feedback aggregation, Extension of ERICA
• Real-Time ABR Bobby Vandalore
• Best effort video and voice

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OCARnet

• Ohio Computing and Communications ATM Research
  Network
• Nine-Institution consortium lead by OSU
• Ohio State University
• Ohio Super Computer Center
• OARnet
• Cleveland State University
• Kent State University
• University of Dayton
• University of Cincinnati
• Wright State University
• University of Toledo

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OCARnet
Univ ofToledo
ClevelandState Univ
vBNS/MCI
45 Mbps
NASA
155Mbps
WrightStateUniv
KentStateUniv
OARnet
Ohio Super-ComputerCenter
Univ ofDayton
622 Mbps
WorkgroupSwitch
Univ ofCincinnati
Wide-areaSwitch
Ohio State Univ
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OSU National ATM Benchmarking Lab

• Started a new effort at ATM Forum in October 1995
• Defined a new standard for frame based
  performance metrics and measurement methodologies
• OSU benchmarking lab has the latest ATM testing
  equipment. Funded by NSF and State of Ohio.
• The benchmark scripts can be run by any
  manufacturer/user in our lab or theirs.
• Modeled after Harvard benchmarking lab for
  routers
• Standard was sent for ballot July 1999.

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Voice over Data Networks

• Voice compression and silence suppression reduce
  the required bandwidth, but cause longer delay.
• Analysis of new ATM Adaptation Layer (AAL2)
• allows multiplexing inside a cell,
• shorter delay and higher utilization.
• Analysis of submultiplexing schemes in IP
• to allow multiple voice sources use the same
  packet,
• to reduce delay and transmission overhead.

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Current Research Projects

• Real-Time ATM ABR and Software Switch
• Internet Protocol (IP) Congestion Management
• Quality of Service (QoS) over Internet Protocol
• Wireless QoS
• Scalable Real-time Video
• Internet-2 Technology Evaluation Center

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Real-Time ABR

• Compressed video produces variable bit rate (VBR)
  stream. VBR service is subject to connection
  denial.
• In situations where reduced service is preferable
  over connection denial, such as in tactical
  environments, Video over ABR is preferable over
  no Video.
• ABR divides the available bandwidth fairly among
  contending connections
• By proper control, ABR can be designed to reduce
  delay
• Compression parameters can be adjusted
  dynamically based on network feedback

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Software Switch
Low Speed (45 Mbps)
Src
Dest
High Speed (155 Mbps)
PC with 2 network cards

• A 1 x 1 software switch runs on a PC with two
  network interface cards. It is connected to one
  output port of an actual ATM switch. PC runs
  Linux OS.
• Software switch will provide flexible testbed for
  developing new schemes and testing them.

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Old House vs New House

• New needsSolution 1 Fix the old house (cheaper
  initially)Solution 2 Buy a new house (pays off
  over a long run)

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IP Congestion Management
Destination
Source

• Explicit Congestion Notification (ECN) bit in IP
  header (1999)
• What is the correct way for routers to set ECN?
• What is the correct way for end systems to
  respond to ECN?

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Quality of Service over IP
Hdr Len
Ver
Tot Len
Type of Service (ToS)

• Differentiated Services
• IP Packets get treatment depends upon ToS byte
• Internet Draft on effectiveness of multiple drop
  preferences
• Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS)
• Internet Draft on effectiveness of MPLS

Unlabeled
Labeled
R
R
H
R
H
H
H
H
R
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Wireless Networking

• In collaboration with Electro-science laboratory
  of EE Dept (Experts in Antenna design and
  wireless modem communications)
• Dynamically adapt to measured error
  characteristics
• Media Access Protocol
• Transport protocol (retransmissions)
• Hand-off strategies
• Modem design for optimal higher-layer performance
• Funded by NSF

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Video over Data Networks
Network
Compression
ReadjustCoding
Feedback

• Joint project with Prof. Stan Ahalt, Yuan Zhang,
  and Patrick Flynn of EE Dept
• Hierarchical compression of videoDifferent users
  can view the same compressed stream at different
  rates
• Network feedback to adjust levels of compression
• Forwarding adaptive to network feedback

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Video Testbed
OARNET
OSU
Workstation
155 Mbps
622
155 Mbps
Mbps
FORE
FORE
155 Mbps
ASX 200BX
ASX 1000
ATM Switch
ATM Switch
Composite
Video Monitor
Video Monitor
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Abilene Technology Evaluation Center

• Jointly with OARnet and Ohio Supercomputer Center
• Abilene Internet-2 High-speed (1.2 Gbps
  academic backbone)
• All new technology to be used in Internet-2 will
  be tested in Ohio
• OSU/CISs performance testing laboratory will be
  used for testing

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Performance Testing Facility
PC
OCARnet
PC
(To control and
(To control and
monitor the
monitor the
analyzer)
analyzer)
622 Mbps
Link
Possible
155 Mbps
155 Mbps
622 Mbps
or 25 Mbps
or 25 Mbps
or 155 Mbps
Links
Links
Link
ADTECH
FORE
FORE
AX/4000
ASX 200BX
ASX 200BX
ATM Analyzer
ATM Switch
ATM Switch
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Netlab Equipment
100 Mbps
100 Mbpsuplink toInternet
HP C180
FORE
FORE
V
IDEO
WITCH
AVA 300
ATV 300
T
HP C180
ESTBED
S
HP 715/100
HP 715/100
THERNET
ERVER
S
PC
HP 715/100
FARM
SUN
FORE
-2 E
HP 715/100
Ultra 1
WITCH
ASX-200BX
HP 715/100
AYER
60
ATM S
WITCH
HP 715/100
S
GB
L
PC
ISCO
J280
HDD
THERNET
C
PC
E
PC
AST
PC
P
RODUCTION
-2 F
M
OC-3
PC
OC-12
ACHINES
HP J282/2
AYER
FORE
ASX-1000
L
P
OSSIBLE
ATM S
WITCH
ISCO
HP C240
C
OC-12
/OC-3
HP C240
L
INK
FORE
FORE
622 M
BPS
HP C240
HP C240
ASX-200BX
ASX-200BX
CONNECTION
ATM S
ATM S
WITCH
WITCH
HP C240
P
TO
ERFORMANCE
HP C240
OCARnet
B
ENCHMARKING
T
AND
ESTBED
HP C240
V
BNS
ADTECH
ADTECH
HP C240
AX/4000
AX/4000
REMOTE
SIMULATION
HP C240
P
ATM
ATM
OOL
ANALYZER
ANALYZER
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Research Facilities

• Netlab
• Well equipped Lab in DL274
• 622 Mbps connection to OCARnet
• 100 GB Storage Server
• High-end HP compute servers
• PC workstations/printers/copiers/video equipment
• Compute power/student 10 Avg CIS Faculty
• Networking Library Latest books. Regularly
  updated.
• On-line Standards Archive for Internal Use ATM
  Forum, ITU, IEEE

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CIS Networking Courses

• CIS 677 Introduction to Networking
• Offered every quarter
• CIS 678 Internetworking
• Offered once a year - Winter quarter
• CIS 777 Telecommunication Networks
• Offered once a year - Spring quarter
• CIS 788 Recent Advances in Networking (Raj Jain)
• CIS 788 Wireless Networking (Steve Lai)
• CIS788 Multimedia Networking (Wu-Chi Feng)
• CIS788 CDMA (Mike Liu)

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Distance Education

• All our courses are broadcast live over the
  Internetsee http//www.cse.ohio-state.edu/jain/
• Distance teaching from remote locations
• All classes also stored on the Web.Extensively
  viewed all over the world.
• Downloadable for local viewing
• Plans to provide lectures on CD-ROM
• Ohio Distance Education Network (ODEN) Proposal
  to broadcast classes and seminars among Kent
  State U, U of Dayton, Cleveland U, OSU, OSC, and
  OARnet

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Collaboration

• Inter-Faculty Joint funding with Wu-Chi, Steve
  Lai, D. Panda, A. Arora
• Inter-Department Joint funding with EE (Stan
  Ahalt, Jennifer Hoe, Yuan Zhang, Mike Fitz), OSC
  (Al Stutz), OARnet (Doug Gale, Eugene Wallis)
• Inter-University OCARnet, ODEN
• With Industry
• Joint research proposals with Nokia, ...
• Research Sponsored by NASA, FORE, Nokia, ...
• New Technology Seminars at Nortel, Lucent, ...
• Industry Forums IETF, ATM Forum, TIA, IEEE,
  NetworldInterop

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Summary

• Networking Age, Networking Bottleneck Þ
  Opportunities, Demand
• Recognized leader in traffic management and QoS
• Current research in ATM, IP QoS, Wireless QoS,
  Scalable Video, and Performance testing
• Excellent networking educational program, lab
  facilities, literature facilities, and world-wide
  exposure
• Extensive collaboration Þ Real-world problems and
  real-world solution

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Our Publications

• All our ATM Forum contributions and papers are
  available on-line at http//www.cis.ohio-state.ed
  u/jain/Specially see Recent Hot Papersand
  References on Recent Advances in Networking

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Thank You!