EUROPEANISATION

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• EUROPEANISATION -
• framework or fashion?
• Claudia Major Karolina Pomorska
• University of Birmingham Loughborough
  University
• cxm316_at_bham.ac.uk K.M.Pomorska_at_lboro.ac.uk
  

FORNET Plenary Conference, 23 April 2005, Brussels
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Summary of the presentation

• Fashion or framework?
• Moving from fashion to framework defining
  Europeanisation
• What added value Europeanisation brings to the
  study of foreign and security policy?
• Applying Europeanisation to FP our experiences
  and challenges ahead
• Conclusions

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From fashion to framework - defining
Europeanisation

• Europeanisation as an ongoing and mutually
  constitutive process of change, linking national
  and European levels, capturing the growing
  interwoveness of national and European levels.
• uploading of national preferences to the EU
  level
• downloading of EU generated incentives
  (policies)
• crossloading of ideas, norms and ways of
  doing things

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Europeanisation linking national and EU levels
in an ongoing process
EU LEVEL
Downloading Taking Reception
Uploading Shaping Projection
Cross loading
NATIONAL LEVEL
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What added value to the study of foreign and
security policy ?

• Europe matters
• interaction of national and European levels in a
  dynamic perspective
• the modifications that occur the transformation
  of the nation-state on account of European
  integration and the emergence of new structures
  of governance at the European level
• the mechanisms through which these modifications
  occur at both levels
• the mechanism through which member states attempt
  to influence the emergence of new structures at
  the EU level

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Bridging levels of analysis

• Europeanisation attempts to capture the
  dialectical relationship between
• the actors and the system
• the nation-states and the EU as institutional
  entity
• attempts for collective action and the
  persistence of national foreign, security and
  defence policies
• Europeanisation brings the state to the analysis
  of CFSP and the CFSP to the analysis of national
  foreign policies

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Theory in danger of running away with itself?

• Challenges I
• Due to the outlined Europeanisation definition
• Process or outcomes? How to define dependent and
  independent variables?
• How to deal with the feed back idea?

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Europeanisation two separate dimensions?

• Searching for methodological rigidity
• a defining property the downloading dimension
  domestic change caused by an EU generated
  impact
• an accompanying property the uploading
  dimension projecting ideas from the national to
  the EU level and emergence of new structures at
  the EU level (Dyson and Goetz 2003, Bulmer and
  Radaelli 2004)
• Embedding Europeanisation with the theories New
  Institutionalism, Social Constructivism

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Theory in danger of running away with itself?

• Challenges II
• Due to the unique character of foreign and
  security policy
• EU input difficult to detect in intergovernmental
  policy area
• EU input difficult isolate from other global and
  domestic impact - Europeanisation just as an
  intervening variable?
• How to define change how to measure it?
• Dealing with the influence of national
  opportunity structures and strategic cultures
• Assessing the mechanisms of change

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Europeanisation - what do we make of it ? I

• captures the ongoing interaction and growing
  interwoveness of EU and national levels
• assesses the changing nature of governance and of
  the state by endogenising international
  governance in the models of domestic politics and
  policy
• enables to see how the European dimensions became
  more important without coercion, and how the last
  bastion of national sovereignty became part of
  the European co-operation process
• assesses the influence of the EU member states on
  EU developments

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Europeanisation - what do we make of it ? II

• healthy corrective of overemphasise on
  interstate bargaining
• In the final analysis Europeanisation is only one
  part of a bigger picture of the changing nation
  state and cannot serve as an all encompassing
  idea
• how (if at all) have national FP and CFSP changed
  as a result of Europeanisation processes?
• beyond assessing the state of Europeanisation,
  there is an urgent need to interpret its
  consequences enabling or constraining for the
  nation states?