Roots of Revolution: 19th Century China

1
Roots of Revolution 19th Century China
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Opium War (1839-42) and Arrow War (1856-60)

• Provocation?
  
  
  
• Kowtowing required by the Emperor
• Canton the only port open to Western trade
• Europeans and Americans engage in illegal drug
  running
• Emperor required tribute

3

• Result?
  Illegal Opium Trade
  and Lop-sided Losses by China to Britain
  
• Treaty of Nanking
  
  Opens Canton, Amoy, Foochow, Ningpo and
  Shanghai Hong Kong
  given to British
  Extraterritoriality granted
  
  The Delano family fortune?

4
China becomes fair game for other Imperialist
nations in both Europe and Asia Spheres of
Influence. Among these nations were France,
Germany, Russia and Japan.
5

• Taiping Rebellion (1850-1864)
  
  
  
  
  attempt to overthrow the Manchu dynasty
  
  
• Wanted to Ban
  Footbinding, liquor, opium, tobacco, and ancestor
  worship
  2,000,000 killed!
• Proved China had to modernize
  Inspired future revolutionaries
  
  
  
  

6

• FURTHER PROOF OF THE NEED TO MODERNIZE
• SINO-JAPANESE WAR (1894) WHICH CHINESE LOSE
• 
  
  
  
  
  AND
• THE BOXER REBELLION
• 
  
  
  

7
1911 SUN YAT-SEN LEADS A NATIONALIST
REVOLUTION AND OVERTHROWS MANCHUS