LIPIDS

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LIPIDS
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Classification of lipids

• Triglycerides or triacylglycerol
• Waxes
• Phospholipids or Phosphoglycerides
• Steroids

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Triacylglyerol

• Fats triglycerides which are solid at room
  temperature ( most saturated triglycerides, e.g.
  beef, fat, or lard)
• Oils triglycerides which are liquid at room
  temperature ( most triglycerides with several
  unsaturation, e.g. corn oil, peanut oil, or fish
  oils)

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triacylglycerol
glycerol
Fatty acid
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Triacylglyerol

• Simple Triacylglyerol

• Mixed Triacylglyerol

Glyceryl lauropalmitooleate
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Fatty Acids
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Waxes

• carnauba wax C25H51CO2C30H61
• beewax C15H31CO2C30H61

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Phospholipids
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Cell membrane
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Steroids
Perhydrocyclopentanophenanthrene
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Cholesterol
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Bile Acids
Cholic acid
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Saponification
heat
H2O
Sodium stearate, a soap
Tristearin, a fat
glycerol
NOTE chemically a soap is the sodium or
potassium salt of a fatty acid.
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The formation of soap micelles in water
Soaps are useful cleaning agents because of the
different affinities of a soap molecules two end.
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The usefulness of soaps as cleaning agents is
limited by their tendency to precipitate out of
solution in hard water. Hard water is water
that is acidic or that contains ions of calcium,
magnesium, or iron.
2 CH3(CH2)16COONa Ca2 (CH3(CH2)16COO)2Ca
2 Na
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