Chapter 12 DNA, RNA, Protein Synthesis Review

1

• Chapter 12 DNA, RNA, Protein Synthesis Review
• What does DNA stand for?
• What is the central Dogma?
• What is a eukaryotic cell?
• RNA contains the sugar ____?

2

• The three parts of nucleotide are 5-carbon sugar,
  nitrogenous base, and ___?
• What is DNA Replication?
• During DNA replication, adenine pairs with ?
• List the 3 main types of RNA

3

• Unlike DNA, RNA contains the nitrogenous base ?
• 1 codon consists of how many bases?
• 2 codons code for how many amino acids?
• DNA copied into mRNA is ____?
• mRNA decoded into protein is ____?

4

• Proteins are made of monomers called ___?
• Genes are sections of DNA that code for _ ?
• True or False.
• There can be more than one codon for a particular
  amino acid?
• RNA contains the nitrogenous base thymine.

5

• DNA leaves the nucleus?
• tRNA has an anticodon that pairs with an mRNA
  codon.
• Genes can be turned on and off at different
  times.
• tRNA is a copy of DNA
• Individuals traits are determined by genes which
  code for proteins.

6

• Name three scientists involve in the discovery of
  the structure of DNA.
• At what codon does protein synthesis begin?
• What organelle in the cytoplasm makes proteins?
• Which term includes the others? histone,
  chromosome, DNA, nucleosome

7

• What is another name for a polypeptide chain?
• The structure of DNA is said to be what shape?
• The backbone of DNA is made of ___ and ___?
• The rungs of DNA are made of ____?
• Give three differences between DNA and RNA

8
A
B
C
Key Adenine (A) Thymine (T) Cytosine (C) Guanine
(G)
9

• What is the process of copying DNA into a
  duplicate strand of DNA?
• What is the process of copying part of DNA into
  mRNA?
• What are the three types of RNA?
• What is the building block of a nucleic acid
  molecule (such as DNA and RNA)?
• During _____, information from mRNA is used to
  produce proteins.
• Name 4 scientists that helped discover the
  structure of DNA.