Reflexives

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Chapter 40

• Reflexives
• Dative of Purpose
• Dative of Reference
• Dat. of Purpose Dat. of Reference Double
  Dative

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flecto,flectere,flexi,flectus,a,um turn, bend
re (as a prefix) back, again cf. 1) Body
builders flex their muscles. 2) With his left he
deflected the punch. 3) With many endings Latin
is a highly inflected language. 4) After the
surprising result he reflected on the events. 5)
In a mirror you see your reflection.
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flecto,flectere,flexi,flectus,a,um turn, bend
re (as a prefix) back, again 6) Reflexive
pronouns always refer back to the subject. Mike
was feeling down and blamed himself. That
egotistical snob is much in love with herself.
After successful negotiations they gave
themselves a bonus.
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Third Person Reflexive Pronoun(turns back to the
subject)himself, herself, itself, themselves
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Third Person Reflexive Pronoun(back to the third
person subject)himself, herself, itself,
themselves
Mikus laudavit eum. Mike praised him.
not Mike, probably Spike Mikus
laudavit se. Mike praised himself.
egotist! Mikus et Spikus laudaverunt se. Ike
and Spike praised themselves.
egotists!
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Third Person Reflexive Adjective(back to the
third person subject)his, hers, its, their
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Third Person Reflexive Adjectivesuus,sua,suum -
his, hers, its, their(back to the third person
subject)
Mikus laudavit suum equum. Ike praised his
(own) horse. Mikus laudavit eius equum. Ike
praised his (not his own) horse. probably
Spikes Iulia patrem suum amat. Julia
loves her (own) father. Pueri patrem suum amant.
The boys love their (own) father. Romani
defendunt urbem suam. Romans defend their
city. Romani defendunt urbem eorum. Romans
defend their city. probably Ike and
Spikes Quintus cum amicis suis laborat.
Quintus works with his friends.
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Third Person Reflexive Adjectivesuus,sua,suum -
his, hers, its, their(back to the third person
subject), cf.
p. 220 D8) Each one ought to defend (his)
country. Quisque debet defendere eius
patriam. Quisque debet defendere suam
patriam. p. 182 D10) The father ordered (his)
sons to send all of the money... Pater iussit
eius filios mittere omnem pecuniam Pater iussit
suos filios mittere omnem pecuniam p. 166 D7)
Eight of the boys were led back to (their)
fathers houses... Octo de pueris ducti sunt ad
eorum patrum domos Octo de pueris ducti sunt ad
suorum patrum domos
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Dative of Purpose (with the six ac pius nouns
on p. 230)auxilio, curae, praesidio,
impedimento, usui, subsidio
Alta aqua erat impedimento. The deep water was a
hindrance. (served as a hindrance) Equites
decimae legionis erant grato praesidio. The
cavalry of the tenth legion was a welcome
protection. (served as a help) Parvi pueri
puellaeque saepe sunt maximae curae. Little kids
are often a wicked headache. (serve as a pain in
the butt)
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Dative of Reference(advantage or
disadvantage)
Habe tibi illud praemium. Have that reward for
yourself. (advantage) Paravit venenum eis. He
has prepared a poison for them. (disadvantage) Bo
nae leges sunt aequae omnibus. Good laws are
fair for all. (advantage) Aqua erat mala equis.
The water was bad for the horses. (disadvantage)
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Dative of Purpose Dative of Reference Double
Dative(as a ____ to/for _____)
Alta aqua erat impedimento militibus. (as a
____ to/for _____) The deep water was a
hindrance to the soldiers. Equites decimae
legionis erant auxilio urbi. (as a ____ to/for
_____) The cavalry of the tenth legion was a
help for the city. Parvi pueri puellaeque saepe
sunt magnae curae patribus matribusque. (as a
____ to/for _____) Little kids are often a
great headache for their fathers and mothers.
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Word Study, p.231
cupiditas,-atis,f. objective genitive cf.
cupidus,a,um objective genitive, p.196 Radix
omnium malorum est pecuniae cupiditas. Greed for
money is the root of all evils. Timothy
16,10 liberi,-orum,m. children (i.e., free
from responsibility) Recipio reflexive
pronoun take oneself back, return, retreat
Recipio me I retreat. Tu recipies te You will
return. Milites receperunt se. The soldiers
retreated. solis occasu at sunset, at sundown