Advanced Transit Private Utility

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• Advanced Transit Private Utility
• And Northern Virginia
• A New Business Model for Urban Transportation
• Paul Hoffman
• Booz Allen Hamilton

hoffman_paul_at_bah.com
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Technology Overview PRT Fundamentals

• Fundamental elements of PRT technology
• On-demand, non-stop, origin-to-destination
  service
• Small, automated vehicles
• Small, exclusive use guideways
• Off-line stations
• Network of connected guideways
• Combines elements of automotive, computer,
  network and transit technologies
• Uses current state-of-the-art technologies
  including
• Advanced propulsion systems
• On-board switching and guidance
• High speed controls and communication
• Lightweight advanced materials

PRT represents a new option for sustainable,
effective urban transportation providing higher
access and service at a lower cost than current
transit options.
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A New Paradigm Distributed Demand, Small
Infrastructure

• Conventional Guideway Transit
• Compact travelers into a few large vehicles
• Large guideway, large posts
• Scheduled service, long vehicle headways
• Higher costs, higher visual impact
• Personal Rapid Transit
• Distribute travelers among many small vehicles
• Small guideway, small posts
• On-demand service, short vehicle headways
• Lower costs, lower impact

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Potential PRT Applications

• Urbanized Area
• Central Business District circulator
• High density area connector
• Feeder to existing transit stations/hubs
• Connector/distributor from satellite parking
  facilities
• Potential alternative to LRT, BRT or Monorail
  development or expansion
• Urban goods and light freight movement
• Activity Center/Campus
• Circulator within entertainment/tourism district
  
• Circulator within/between college or business
  campuses
• Airport landside and airside access
• Feeder to existing transit stations/hubs
• Connector/distributor from satellite parking
  facilities

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Small Infrastructure Benefits

• Potential installation along
• Median or shoulder along commercial arterials or
  thoroughfares
• Curb line of major streets
• Minimizes environmental impact
• Quiet operation
• Low vibration
• Small visual impact
• No direct emissions
• Small stations allow
• Installation in building interiors
• Free standing structures
• Integrated into new additions
• Appropriate access
• Focused on major attraction points
• Distributed parking feeders
• Dont need last mile residential access to be
  successful

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Moving Forward PRT as Full Option for Urban
Transportation

• Conventional transit guideway systems have
  difficulty providing urban scale service due to
  limitations including
• Custom designs
• Limited standards and interoperability
• Limited scalability
• Expensive and disruptive implementation
• Required transfers between line haul segments
• Service reductions for station additions
• To achieve the promise of an urban transportation
  solution, PRT will need to
• Avoid custom designs and vendor specific
  solutions that limit scalability, require
  transfers, increase complexity
• Adopt standards and commercial business models
  that provide increase revenue potential and
  decreased costs

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Vision for the Future PRT - The Network Utility
Model

• PRT has the opportunity to develop a new business
  model with the potential to SCALE beyond the
  limited access of fixed guideway transit
• The model is founded on the success of other
  commercial network businesses such as
• Telephone
• Internet
• Cell Phones
• Cable
• These network industries are founded on several
  fundamental principles
• Open standards
• Mass production and economies of scale
• Multiple suppliers and providers
• Government regulation of public access and right
  of way
• Market pricing
• Open competition
• Private funding
• Transit can also follow these network successes
  if the fundamentals are applied to a common
  technology

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The Transportation Utility Vision

• Recognition of the strengths in the public and
  private sectors
• Public Sector
• Public interest outlook
• Safety and security
• Collective funding mechanisms
• Performance standards
• Private Sector
• Innovation and technology development
• Cost management and efficient operations
• Mass production and competitive sourcing
• Real estate development
• Leveraging of capital
• Technology standards

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The Transportation Utility Model
Public Authority Authorization and Licensing Regulation and Oversight Performance Standards Taxing Authority Bonding and Funding

Transit Utility Design and Construction Operations and Maintenance Bonding and Funding Property Development

Industry Manufacturers and Component Suppliers Engineering, Contractors and Consultants Service and Operations Providers Financing and Risk Management
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Public Authority

• Public Authority Functions
• Sells or grants public access/right-of-way
  through franchises
• Develop and oversee performance standards
  compliance
• Insure safety, security, equal access
• Manage fare policy and costs of developer/service
  provider
• Manage central operations provider
• Provide supplemental funding
• Creation and Operation
• Multi-jurisdictional representation and authority
  for a region
• Generally chartered by the State
• Taxing and bonding authority
• Integrated charter with regional land use and
  transportation planning authorities

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Transit Utility

• Private Transit Utilities
• One or more utilities for a region
• License to operate transit system from regulator
• Own and operate the transit network in the
  franchise area
• Own the land or acquire air-rights to install
  guideways in franchise area
• Private corporation with bonding and multiple
  funding sources
• Ownership by potential consortium of local land
  owners, developers, investors and public entities
• Build and operate against public standards
• Interoperability standards with other utilities

• Contract with manufacturers to build and install
  guideways, stations, vehicles and systems
• Contract with central operations provider for
  system management and control

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Increased Revenue and Value with Private Utility

• Increased Real Estate Value
• Increased floor area ratio (FAR) is allowed if
  property is served by transit
• Increased FAR allows higher revenue per property
  and overall value
• Increased value due to attractiveness from access
  to transit
• Real Estate Value Capture Options
• Directly captured by Utility through ownership of
  stations and surrounding areas
• Captured by consortium of land owners as
  investors in the Utility
• Returned to Utility as private investments by
  consortium
• Potential real estate taxing district

• Other Revenue
• Station Fees from local developers to install
  stations and off-line guideways as an aid to
  development
• Station revenue from advertising and retail
  services
• Cargo Services
• Fare Revenue
• Right-of-Way Fees
• Supplemental Public Support

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Dulles Corridor Metro Line Phase 1 and 2 11
Stations 2.2 Sq Miles walking distance coverage
_at_1/4 mile radius
Phase 1 11.6 Miles, 5 Stations 63,000 Daily
Trips 2.35 Billion - 37k/Trip FTA Cost
Effectiveness Rating Medium
Phase 2 11.5 Miles, 6 Stations 32,000 Additional
Daily Trips 2.50 Billion - 78k/Trip FTA Rating
?
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Dulles Corridor Metro Line Phase 2 Route 772 -
Wiehle 6 Stations 1.2 Sq Miles walking distance
coverage _at_1/4 mile radius
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Dulles Corridor Metro Line Route 772 - Dulles 3
Stations 0.6 Sq Miles walking distance coverage
_at_1/4 mile radius
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• Potential Initial PRT Circulator
• Dulles Airport
• 8 Stations
• 3.5 Miles of Guideway
• 105 Million _at_ 35 Million/mile
• 160 Million _at_ 50 Million/mile
• Provides
• 1.2 Sq Miles walking distance coverage _at_ 750 ft
  radius
• Typical walking distance of ¼ mile or 1320 ft
  used for transit systems
• 750 ft walking distance used at airports to
  reflect travelers with luggage

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PRT Network Dulles NorthWest 21.5 Additional
Miles of Guideway 645 - 970 Million
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PRT Network Dulles - NorthWest 31 Additional
Stations 6.1 Sq Miles walking distance coverage _at_
¼ mile radius
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Metro Line Wiehle Reston- Herndon 3 Stations
0.6 Sq Miles walking distance coverage _at_1/4 mile
radius
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PRT Network Wiehle Reston- Herndon 9.5 Miles of
Guideway 250 - 300 Million
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PRT Network Wiehle Reston- Herndon 15
Stations 2.9 Sq Miles walking distance coverage
_at_1/4 mile radius
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PRT Network Dulles NorthWest - Route 28 -
Wiehle 70 Stations - 46.8 miles of Guideway -
1.6 - 2.3 Billion 13.7 Sq Miles walking
distance coverage _at_ ¼ mile radius
Metro Phase 2 11.5 Miles, 6 Stations 1.2 Sq
Miles Walking Coverage 2.50 Billion - 78k/Trip
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PRT Network Dulles NorthWest - Route 28 -
Wiehle Tysons Corner 90 Stations - 69.5 Miles
of Guideway - 2.4 - 3.5 Billion 17.6 Sq Miles
walking distance coverage _at_ ¼ mile radius
Metro Phase 1 and 2 22.1 Miles, 11 Stations 2.2
Sq Miles Walking Coverage 4.80 Billion
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PRT Network Extended Dulles Corridor and Central
Fairfax County 120 Stations - 108 Miles of
Guideway - 3.8 - 5.4 Billion 23.5 Sq Miles
walking distance coverage _at_ ¼ mile radius
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MTR Corporation Hong Kong Transit Utility

• Operates as a private transportation and
  development corporation regulated to operate in
  Hong Kong
• Competes with other rail and bus transit
  operators
• Evolved from a government entity in 2000
• Railway Operations
• One of the most efficient operators in the world
• Privately funded and publicly regulated
• 50 year public franchise, 76 public ownership
• MTR Stations, Property and Development
• Highly commercial stations with multiple revenue
  generators
• Owns and operates residential and retail
  properties above and adjacent to stations
• Directly or cooperatively develops property
  around stations

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MTR Performance A Best Case Example
Service Performance Item Performance Requirement Customer Service Pledge Actual 2006 Performance
Train service delivery 98.50 99.50 99.90
Passenger journeys on time 98.50 99.50 99.90
Train punctuality 98 99 99.70
Train reliability train car-km per train failure causing delays 5 minutes N/A 500,000 1,448,915
Ticket reliability magnetic ticket transactions per ticket failure N/A 8,000 14,705
Add value machine reliability 98.50 98 99.40
Ticket issuing machine reliability 93 98 99.60
Ticket gate reliability 97 99 99.80
Escalator reliability 98 99 99.90
Passenger lift reliability 98.50 99 99.90
Temperature and ventilation
Trains to maintain a cool, pleasant and comfortable train environment generally at a temperature at or below 26C NA 97 99.90
Stations to maintain a cool, pleasant and comfortable environment generally at or below 27C for platforms and 29C for station concourses, except on very hot days N/A 90 99.90
Cleanliness
Train compartment cleaned daily N/A 98.50 100.00
Train body washed every 2 days N/A 98 99.90
Passenger enquiry response time within 7 working days N/A 99 99.90
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MTR By the Numbers

• Railway Operations
• 2.5 million daily passengers
• 867 million annual passengers
• 1074 rail cars
• 53 stations
• 57 miles of track
• Efficient Operations
• MTR 4.5/rail-car-mile
• US Metro Average 8.2/rail-car-mile
• Powerful 2006 Financials
• Average fare 0.95
• Total Operating Expense 555 Million
• Total Fare Revenue 834 Million
• Total Operating Revenue 1,220 Million
• Gross Operating Profit 665 Million
• Net Property Profit/Taxes/Depreciation 327
  Million
• Net Profit 992 Million