????(exocrine gland)

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• ????(exocrine gland)
• ? ??(gland cell)?? ? ??? ???? ??
• (duct)? ?? ?????? ????? ??,
• ( ???(salivary gland), ??(sweet gland), ??
  ?)
• ????(endocrine gland)
• ? ???? ??? ???? ??(duct)? ??? ?? ?? ? ? ????
  ?? ???? ????(target organ)? ???? ??
  ????(pituitary gland), ???(thyroid gland), ????
  (parathyroid gland), ??(adrenal gland), ??(sexual
  gland), ??(placenta) ???(intertestinal mucosa)
  ?? ??

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Hormone? ??
??? ??. ??? ?? ?? ? ?? ???. ??? ?? ??, ?? ???
??. ????, ???? ??. ??? ???? ??. ? hormone? ???
??? ??.
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Hormone? ??? ??
?? ???(releasing hormone) ??????? ??
?? ? ??? ?? ??? ?? ??
?????(inhibitory hormone) ????? ? ???
??? ???? ?? ??? ?? ??
?????(tropic hormone) ?? ????? ???
??? ????.
?? ???(effector hormone) ???? ? ???? ??? ?? ??
??? ???. ????? ???? ?? ??? ??.(?, ??? h, ???? ??,
??H, ??? ??)
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???? ??(Anterior Pituitary)
GH( growth hormon) ?????
TSH( thyroid stimulating hormone) ????????
ACTH(adrenocortico tropic hormone ??????
FSH(folicle stimulating hormon ?? ?????
LH (leuteinizing hormone) ?? ?????
PRL(prolactin) ????
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???? ??
??????????(MSH)
???? ??
????(OCT) ?????(ADH)
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?? ?? ???(Adrenal medulla)

• Catecholamin
• Dopamine
• Epinephrine(adrenaline)
• Norepinephrine(noradrenaline)
• - VMA (vanillylmandelic acid)
• - HVA (homovanillyl acid)

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????? (Catecholamine)
? ???? ???? ?? ? Adrenaline? Noradrenaline? ???
90 ? Adrenaline? Noradrenaline? ?????? - VMA ?
VMA? ?? ????? ? ??? ?? ? ?? ???? ????
Catecholamine? ???? ?? ? ?? ????? ?? (Chromaffin
Cell)? ???? ??
? ????? , ???????? (Pheochromocytoma) ? ?? ????
(neuroblastoma) ? ??? ???(Ganglineuroma)
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?? ?? ???(Adrenal cortex)
- Mineral corticoide(aldosterone) - ?? Na, K

ACTH, estrogen, ????? -
Glucocorticoid (cortisol) - 17 OHCS
(17-hydroxycorticosteroid) - 17 KS
(17-ketosteroid) - androgen
?????? ?????, amino acid? glucose?? ?? ? ??
DHEA(dehydroepiandrosterone),Androsterone,
Androstenedione, etiocholanolone, Testosterone
C19 - C17 keto ?  
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17-Ketosteroid (17-KS)
? Steroid ?? C17 ??? ???? ???? ??? ? Adrenal
androgen? ?? ?? ?? ? ? ??? ??
Androsterone , Etiocholanolone
Dehydroepiandrosterone 11-Ketoandrosterone,
11-ß-Oxyandrosterone 11-ß-Oxycholanolone
???? adrenal corticoid Ca, Adrenal
hyperplasia, Testicular tumor
Addison Disease, ? ??? ????, ????
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17-Hydroxycorticosteroids (17-OHCS)
? Steroid ?? C17 ??? ??? (-OH)? ?? Steroid ?
Glucocorticoid? ?? ?? ??
Cortisol, Cortisone, Allo-Tetrahydrocortisol
, Dehydrocortisone, Dehydrocortisol
Cushing Syndrome, Hyperthyroidsm Stress, ??
Addison D, ????????, ???????
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5-Hydroxyindole acetic acid (5-HIAA)
? Tryptophan? ??? , ??? , ???? , ??? ??
???? ???? Serotonin ( 5-Hydroxy tryptamine)
? ???? ?? ??? ????
Argentaffinoma (? ?????? )?? ??
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?? ???? ? ? ? ? ? ? ???? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
?
17-KS 17-OHCS VMA 5-HIAA
Hydrolysis Conc HCl H2SO4 ß-glucuronidase HCl HCl
Extract Ethyl ether Dichloromethan Ethylacetate Ethyl ether
Cleaning NaOH Sod sulfate Pot, carbonate Chloroform
Develop m-dinitrobenzen ß-acetylphenyl hydrazine P-nitroanillin m-bisulfate 1-nitroso- 2-naphthol
Wavelength 520?(purple) 410?(yellowish) 540?/360?
Reaction Zimmermanns Porter-Silber
Noraml 8-12?/24hr(M) 5-10?/24hr(F) 3-6?/24hr(M) 2-6?/24hr(F) 1-5 ?/day 1.6-6.4 ?/day
Increased Adrenalcorticoid Ca Adrenal hyperplasia Testicular tumor Cushing synrome Hyperthyroidsm Stress, ?? Neuroblastoma gangloneuromas phenochromocyt Carcinoid condition
Decreased Hypopituitarism Addison D ?????? Addison D ???????? ??????? ??????? phenylketouria
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17 - KS ?? Urine? HCl? ??? ????? ? 1-2,
Dichloroethane?? ???? ?? ?? ?? ? m-dinitrobenzen?
??? 17? ?? ?? Keto?? ??? ?? Stereoid?
m-dinitrobenzen? ?? ??? ? Ethanol ?? Chloroform??
???? 520??? ?? ????.(Zimmermann reaction)
?? ?? ?? ?? ? ?? ??
1 ?? Urine 5 ? 7 formalin 0.1 ? in test tube 20 ? Formaline
2 ???? Add conc HCl 1.0 ? - 100?/15min - cooling
3 ?? Add dichloromethan 5.0? mix/4min , 2000rpm/5min ???? Aspirator
4 ?? Add 1N HaOH 2.0 ?
5 ?? Add sod sulfite 1.0g other tube 2.5 ? ?? ????
6 ?? 100? ?? ?? ? ?? ?? ??
7 ?? Add m-dinitrobenzen 0.4 ?, add 8N KOH 0.4 ?, mix 30 ?/7min ??
8 ?? Add 50 ethanol, chloroform, 2.0?, mix 2000rpm/5min ????
9 ?? Add ethylglycol 1.0?, mix, saline blank 520? reading
10 ?? Test OD/Std OD x 0.6 x 24hr urine vol / 100 17-KS (?/day) Test OD/Std OD x 0.6 x 24hr urine vol / 100 17-KS (?/day)
??? dehydroepiandrosteronel(sigma) 20 ?/ethanol 100 ? ??? 0.6 ? / saline 200 ? diluted ??? dehydroepiandrosteronel(sigma) 20 ?/ethanol 100 ? ??? 0.6 ? / saline 200 ? diluted ??? dehydroepiandrosteronel(sigma) 20 ?/ethanol 100 ? ??? 0.6 ? / saline 200 ? diluted ??? dehydroepiandrosteronel(sigma) 20 ?/ethanol 100 ? ??? 0.6 ? / saline 200 ? diluted
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???? ? ? ? ? ? ????/????
???? (????) Hypothala mus TRH(thyrotropon releasing hormone) polypeptde TSH, Prolactin ????
???? (????) Hypothala mus 2) LH-RH(luteinizing hormon releasing h) polypeptide LH, FSH ????
???? (????) Hypothala mus 3) CRF(corticotropin releasing h) polypeptide ACTH ????
???? (????) Hypothala mus 4)MRF(melanocyte stimulating h-r-factor) polypeptide MSH ????
???? (????) Hypothala mus 5) sRIF(somatotropin release inhibiting f) polypeptide GH ??????
???? (????) Hypothala mus 6) GRF(growth hormon releasing factor) polypeptide GH ????
???? (????) Hypothala mus 7) PRF(prolactin releasing factor) polypeptide prolactin ????
???? (????) Hypothala mus 8)PIF(prolactin releasing inhibiting factor) polypeptide prolactin ????
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??? ?? Anterior Pituitary 1)ACTH(adrenocortico tropic hormone) polypeptide corticoide ???? ???????? ?? ???, insuline???
??? ?? Anterior Pituitary 2) TSH( thyroid stimu lating hormone) ??? ??????? ???????/?? ??
??? ?? Anterior Pituitary 3) GH( growth hormone) polypeptide ?????? ?????? ??????
??? ?? Anterior Pituitary 4) PRL(prolactin) polypeptide ????,??????, ???????
??? ?? Anterior Pituitary 5) FSH(folicle stimulating hormone) ??? ??????, ??? ????, ??????
??? ?? Anterior Pituitary 6) LH (leuteinizing hormone) ??? ??????,????, ??????
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????? ????? MSH(melanocyte stimulating hormone) polypeptide ????? melanine ??????
????? Posterior pituitary 1) Oxytocin amino acid ??? ????, ????
????? Posterior pituitary 2)AVP(arginine vasopresisin) Oligopeptide ?????? ?????(?) ?? ??
????? ?? LPH(lipotropic hormone) ??????
??? Melatonine polypeptie ????, ????
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??? ???? 1) Thyroxine(T4) triiodothyronine(T3) amino acid ??? ????,?????, TSH ????, TSH??? ???? ???? ?? GH ????
??? ? ???? 2) Calcitonin polypeptide ???? Ca phosphat???? ??? P,Ca, ????
? ??? PTH (parathormone) polypeptide ??Ca phosphate ? ??? ???Ca ???? ???P ????
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???? 1) Adrenaline 2) Noradrenaline catecholamin glycogen ???? O2???? ?????? ?????? ?????? insuline ????
???? 1) Glucocorticoide steroide ??????? glycogen ??, ?????? ???????? ????? ?? stress ?????
???? 2) Corticoide steroid ?,???,??? Na, Cl ?? K,H? ????
?? HCG(human chorionic gonadotropin) ??? ??????
?? ANP(arterial natriuretic polypeptide) polypeptide ? ????? ??
?? ANP(arterial natriuretic polypeptide) polypeptide aldosterone ????
?? ANP(arterial natriuretic polypeptide) polypeptide ????
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???? ? ? ? ? ? ????/????
? ? 1) Insuline polypeptide ?,??? glycogen?? ?? ?,????? ????? ??????? ???????-???? ?-????? ????
ß-cell 1) Insuline polypeptide ?,??? glycogen?? ?? ?,????? ????? ??????? ???????-???? ?-????? ????
a-cell 1) Glucagone polypeptide ?-glycogen ???? ? ???? ??,??????
d-cell 1) Somatostatine polypeptide GH, insuline, glucagon ????
pp-cell 1) ?? polypeptide polypeptide ??????
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???? polypeptide ?-?????? ???? ??
I ?? polypeptide ?-?????? ???? ??
S ?? polypeptide ?-??????? ?-?????? pepsinogen ????
EC ?? polypeptide ?-???????, pepsinogen ????, ???????
? Gastrine polypeptide ? ?? ? ????? ??????
??.?? VIP(vasoactive intestinal peptide) polypeptide ????, ???????
??.?? GIP(gastric inhibitory polypeptide) polypeptide ?????? insuline ????
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• R I A (??????? ???)10-12 ...Bersen Yalow
• ?? ?? ??? RIA? ???? ???? ??. I125,
• Specific, Sensitivity ??
• E I A (???????) 10-9 - o-Phenylene diamine
• ELISA - peroxidase. RIA?? ??? ???? ??
• F I A (Fluorescence Immuno Assay) 10-9.
• ELFA 4-methyle umbelliferyl
  phosphate ?? ???
• ???(tracer) ???? ??
• C I (Chemiluminescence Immuno Assay) 10-15
• ??? ??? ???? ????? ????? ??
• Luciferase / Isoluminol / Acridinum
  Ester