Lymes Disease (Borreliosis)

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Lymes Disease(Borreliosis)

• By Christer Suvatne

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Introduction

• Spread by Ticks
• Caused by bacteria (borrelia)(Borrelia
  Burgdorferi)
• It causes borreliosis (lymes disease)
• The disease is multisystemic involvement of
  skin, heart, joints and CNS
• Affects mostly young and middle-aged people

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TICKS
Blacklegged Tick (deer tick) (spreads Lyme
disease)
Wood Tick (dog tick) (does not spread Lyme
disease)
adult male
adult female
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Adult (female)
Adult (male)
Nymph

• Can lead to disease 40-60 adult20-30
  nymph0 larva

Larva
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Two-Year Life Cycle of Blacklegged Tick

• MEAL 1
• Mouse
• Bird

EGGS
LARVAE
NYMPHS
Nymphs molt into adults
Eggs laid, adults die
Larvae molt into nymph stage
SPRING
SUMMER
WINTER
FALL
ADULTS

• MEAL 3
• Person
• Deer
• Dog

Nymphs dormant
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Blacklegged Tick Nymph
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To Get Lyme Disease

• Blacklegged tick must be infected with Lyme
  disease bacteria
• Only the nymphs and adult females can transmit
  the Lyme disease bacteria
• Tick must be attached 24 - 48 hours before it
  passes bacteria to host

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• Most cases are children and middle aged people
• 54 is men
• Most usual symptoms is neurological (54)
  (248ppl)
• Arthritis (15ppl)
• totally 238 people were hospitalized in 2006

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Lymes Disease 3 stages
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Stage 1 Early localized infection 3 to 30 days
after deer tick bite

• Rash (often bulls-eye)(red, warm, painless)
• Fever
• Chills
• Headache
• Muscle and joint pain
• Fatigue
• Flue like symptoms
• Can develop Borreliosis even if rash is not
  present

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As the rash increases in size, it clears in the
middle and develops a red ring around the
outside.  This rashMay expand to a very large
size,Is usually not painful or itchy, and Often
appears on the thighs, groin, trunk, armpit, or
back. rash has been reported in about 60 to 80
percent of adults and 50 percent of children
Erythema migrans (EM) rash characteristic of Lyme
disease
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Sometimes do not have bulls eye
appearance(redden area without an outer
ring)Not everyone gets a rash..the early sign
and symptom. (headache, fever, chills etc) is
similar to other diseases, so difficult to
diagnose Lymes if have no rash
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Stage 2 Early disseminated infection

• Days to weeks after illness onset
• Multiple rashes
• Facial paralysis on one side (bells palsy)
• Fever, stiff neck, headache -gt meningitis
• Weakness, numbness, arm/leg pain
• Irregular heart beat
• Persistent weakness and fatigue

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Multiple Rashes

• Reaction as bacteria move through body
• Not caused by multiple tick bites

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Multiple Rashes

• This is another example of a multiple rash.

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Stage 3 Late persistent infection

• Weeks to months after illness onset
• Fatigue
• Chronic arthritis (usually affect knees)
• Nervous system problems (meningitis)and problems
  with short term memory, concentration,

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Joint Swelling
Joint swelling and pain may occur weeks to months
after onset of illness if left untreated.
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In Norway
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Statistics 1997-2006
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• Showing numbers in Norway
• 2007 had the highest cases of lymes disease.

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References

• www.facebook.com
• www.wikipedia.com
• http//www.lymediseaseassociation.org/
• http//www.tidsskriftet.no/?seks_id1690011

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