The Civil War (War Between the States) 1861-1865

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The Civil War(War Between the States)1861-1865
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Main Causes

• Political Beliefs
• States Rights vs Central Government
• Slavery Beliefs
• Uncle Toms Cabin by Harriet Beecher Stowe
• Cotton Gin created by Eli Whitney
• Cultural Differences
• Economic Differences

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very.jpg
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North South
23 States 11 States
Union Confederate
Yankee Rebel
Blue Coats Grey Coats
USA (United States of America) CSA (Confederate States of America)
Advantages 22 million people in N (S 9mil), factories for making weapons supplies, more railroads than S Advantages most of the fighting took place in S, excellent military leaders
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Abolitionist

• Wanted to end slavery or get rid of it
• Frederick Douglass (on left)
• well-known abolitionist

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n/lincpix/fred-doug.jpg
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The Underground Railroad

• System setup to help slaves (African Americans)
  escape to the Northern USA or Canada.
• Slaves hid in barns and houses

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roject/siebertmap.jpg
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Nat Turner

• Nat Turner lead a rebellion against plantation
  owners in 1831 and killed 60 people

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er/Nat_Turner.html
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John Brown

• White man that lead a raid on US Army post at
  Harpers Ferry, Virginia in 1859 to help free
  slaves
• Captured, found guilty of treason, hung

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n1.gif
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Abe Lincoln

• Slavery is a moral, social, and political evil.
• A house divided against itself cannot stand. I
  believe this government cannot endure permanently
  half slave and half freeIt will become all one
  thing, or all the other.

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• I have no purpose..to interfere with the
  institution of slavery in the states where it
  exists. I believe I have no lawful right to do
  so.
• Wanted to keep slavery from spreading
• Felt slavery would end on its own if prevented
  from spreading
• Elected President in 1860
• Southern states felt secession necessary
• Emancipation Proclamation January 1, 1863- freed
  all the slaves
• Gettysburg Address November, 1863 - meaning of
  war its terrible cost, Union fighting to ensure
  democracy

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Jefferson Davis

• President for Confederacy (Confederate States of
  America)

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Fort Sumter, South Carolina

• South Carolina seceded from US (secession part
  of a country leaves or breaks off from rest),
• Wanted control of Fort Sumter (federal fort in
  SC)
• Lincoln refused to remove US soldiers
• Confederate fired cannons on Ft. Sumter, marking
  beginning of Civil War

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Fort Sumter

• 1st major battle of the Civil War began on April
  12, 1861.
• After 34 hours of cannons fired, the North
  surrendered to the South.

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/graphics/battles/images/sumteranim.gif
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The Battle of Gettysburg, PA

• July 1st 3rd,1863
• General Lee led Confederate troops to
  Pennsylvania to invade the Union
• Armies battled back and forth
• On 3rd day, Lee ordered final attack
• Nearly 14,000 Confederate soldiers charged
  towards Union army
• The North won this battle.
• On November 19,1863. President Lincoln gave
  Gettysburg Address.

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• Union soldiers were ready
• Union stopped attack with rifle cannon fire
• Heavy fire killed about ½ of Confederate soldiers
• Lees army had to retreat

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The Atlanta Campaign

• Union General William Tecumseh Sherman ordered by
  Grant to attack ATL
• Attack began May 1864
• By summers end, Shermans army had captured ATL

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Shermans March to the Sea

• From ATL, Shermans soldiers marched to Savannah
• Destroyed everything southerners needed for war
• Stole food
• Killed animals
• Wrecked railroad tracks factories
• Total War strategy of destroying enemys
  resources

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Thomas Stonewall Jackson

• General of Confederate troops
• Earned Stonewall Jackson name during 1st Battle
  at Bull Run
• Excellent military reputation
• Well-known for famous victory in Shenandoah
  Valley

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portraits/
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Robert E. Lee

• Skilled respected Confederate general
• April 9, 1865 Lee surrendered to Grant at
  Appomattox Court House

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civil20war20gallery.htm
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Ulysses S. Grant

• Appointed commander of all Union armies
• Accepted Lees surrender at Appomattox Court
  House
• At surrender instructed his soldiers not to
  celebrate said, The war is over. The rebels
  are our countrymen again.

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Appomattox Court House

• April 9, 1865 Lee surrenders to Ulysses S. Grant
  at Appomattox Court House in Virginia.

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ommandChangePhotos/McLeanHouseMusic.jpg