Tuberculosis

1
Tuberculosis

• By Megan and KC

2
Tuberculosis

• There are 2 phases latent TB and active TB.
• Latent TB is when it first enters the body and
  isnt harmful, you dont even know you have it.
• It turns active (can be yrs.) when your immune
  system cant stop the bacteria from growing.
• It is only contagious if you have active TB.
• It is spread through the air once it reaches your
  lungs.

3
Causative Agent

• Mycobacterium tuberculosis
• Slender rod
• Obligate aerobe
• What does this mean?
• Slow growing (20 hrs.)
• Grow in clumps
• The growth of this bacteria appears mold-like so
  what could the prefix myco- suggest?

4
Symptoms

• Bad cough (3wks. Or longer)
• Pain in chest
• Coughing up blood
• Weakness or fatigue
• Weight loss no appetite
• Chills
• Fever/night sweats

5
Mantoux Test

• Mantoux Test injecting a small amount of fluid
  (tuberculin) into the skin in the lower part of
  the arm.
• After 48-72 hrs, the patient
• must return so a physician can
• look for a reaction to the test.

6
Diagnosis

• The Mantoux Test is negative if there is
• no bump or a very small bump
• on the skin where the fluid was injected.
• The test is positive if there is a larger bump on
  the skin. You will then be given a chest x-ray.
• Further testing is needed after a positive skin
  test

7
Treatment

• Minimum of 6 mos. of antibiotic treatment
• Why do you think treatment takes this long?
• 1st antibiotic introduced in 1944- streptomycin
• Still in use but not primary treatment
• Most powerful TB drugs isoniazid and rifampin
• Vaccines
• BCG ( Bacillus of Calmette and Guerin)- Only
  recommended for children at high risk who have a
  negative skin test

8
Sources

• http//www.health.state.mn.us/divs/idepc/diseases/
  tb/factsheets/tst.html1
• http//www.cdc.gov/tb/topic/treatment/default.htm
• Text book