Early development and aging

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Early development and aging
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I. Embryonic development
A. Cleavage 1. zygote to morula to
blastula 2. blastocyst 3. cleavage position
and fate 4. the beginning of differentiation 5
. accomplishments of cleavage B.
Gastrulation 1. the main events 2. 3 germ
layers a. endoderm b. mesoderm c.
ectoderm 3. two great groups of animals C.
Neurulation
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Day 1 fertilization
10 hours
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1. Cleavage
blastula
morula
Two accomplishments of cleavage
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1. Cleavage
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2. Gastrulation
Germ layers
ectoderm
mesoderm
endoderm
blastopore

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3. Fate of the germ layers
Blastopore?
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(No Transcript)
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Two great groups of animals
Protostomes blastopore becomes a mouth
Deuterostomes blastopore becomes an anus
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Deuterostomes
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Neurulation
Neural tube develops from the endoderm
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II. HOX genes
Evolutionarily conserved gene sequences
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III. Theories of aging
Genetic clock theory
1. Protein in non dividing cells
2. Telomeres and embryonic cells
3. Diseases of aging Progeria and Alzheimers
4. Organs programmed
5. Genes for aging in fruit flies and mice
6. Ink4 protein
Wear and tear theory
1. Errors in DNA replication
2. Accumulation of metabolic garbage
3. Environmental insults
Reproductive obsolescence
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The new generation
Japan, Australia,France, Sweden, Spain, Italy
US 24th
Lowest 23 sub- Saharan Africa
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The End