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Digital Processing of Continuous-Time Signals

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Title: Digital Processing of Continuous-Time Signals


1
Chapter 4
  • ???????
  • ????

2
???????????-1
  • ????????????????????
  • (1) ?????????????????
  • (2) ??????????
  • (3) ???,??????????????
  • ???

3
???????????-2
  • ????????????????????,??????????(analog-to-digita
    l converter, A/D)?
  • ?????,?????????????????,??????????(digital-to-an
    alog converter, D/A)?

4
???????????-3
  • ?????????????????????,?????????????????????????
    ????????,??????????????????????????????????
    (sample- and-hold, S/H) ???

5
???????????-4
  • ? S/H ??????????????(anti-aliasing filter)
    ??????????????
  • D/A ???????????????,????????????(??)???(reconst
    ruction (smoothing) filter)?? D/A ?????????????

6
???????????-5
  • ????????????????
  • ???????????????????????????,??????????????????????
    ??
  • ??,????????????????????????????,???????????,????
    ???????????????

7
?????????-1
  • ?????,?????????????????????
  • ?????,??????????????????????????????

8
?????????-2
  • ???,?????????,?????????????????????????? ?
  • ??,??????,????????????????????????????

9
?????????-3
  • ???????,??????????????????????
  • ?????????????????????

10
????????-1
  • ?? ga(t) ?????????,??? t nT ???????????? gn
  • gn ga(nT), - 8 lt n lt 8
  • ?? T ??????
  • T ?????????? FT,????

11
????????-2
  • ??,ga(t) ????????????????? (continuous-time
    Fourier transform,CTFT)?
  • ????,?? gn ????????????????? (discrete-time
    Fourier transform,DTFT)?

12
????????-3
  • ?????????????,Ga( jO) ? G(e j?),?????,?????????
    ?????????? ga(t) ???????? (impulse train) p(t) ???

13
????????-4
  • p(t) ????????,???? T ,????
  • ???????????? gp(t)

14
????????-5
  • gp(t) ?????????,?????????,???? t nT
    ??,???????????? ga(t) ???? ga(nT)?

15
????????-6
  • ??? gp(t),????????? Gp(jO)
  • ??????? ?(t-nT) ? CTFT ????
  • ?????????,??? p(t) ????????
  • ??

16
????????-7
  • ??? gp(t) ???????
  • ? CTFT ???????, ? CTFT ?

17
????????-8
  • ??,gp(t) CTFT ???????
  • ???????,Gp( jO) ??? O ?????,???????? Ga( jO)
    ?????,?????? OT ????,?????? 1/T?

18
????????-9
  • ???? k 0 ???? Gp( jO) ??? (base band)
    ??,??????? Gp( jO)????? (frequency-translated)
    ???
  • ???? ????????(base
    band),???????? (Nyquist band)?

19
????????-10
  • ?? ga(t) ??????????,? CTFT ?? Ga( jO) ????
  • ????? p(t) ???? P( jO) ,???????
    ,????

20
????????-11
  • Gp( jO) ???????????

21
????????-12
  • ?????????,?OT 2Om,? Ga( jO) ?????????????? ?
  • ????,????,? OT lt 2Om,??? Gp ( jO) ?? Ga ( jO)
    ?????????????

22
????????-13
  • ?OT gt 2Om ,???? gp(t) ??????? T
    ????? (cutoff frequency) Oc ?? Om ??? OT - Om
    ???????? Hr( jO) ,? ga(t) ?? gp(t) ????,?????

23
????????-14
  • ???????????????

24
????????-15
  • ??,? OT lt 2Om ,?? Ga( jO) ?????????????,???????
    ?????????? (folded back),???????? (aliasing)
    ????????,?????? Ga( jO) ????? Ga( jO) ??????

25
????????-16
  • ???? - ?? ga(t) ?????????,??O gt Om?,? CTFT Ga(
    jO) 0
  • ? OT 2Om
  • ?? OT 2p/ T
  • ? ga(t) ?????? ga(nT),-8lt n lt8 ,??????

26
????????-17
  • ?? OT 2Om ??????????? (Nyquist Condition) ?
  • ????? ???????? (folding frequency)
    ???????? (Nyquist frequency)?

27
????????-18
  • ???? ga(nT),??????? gp(t)
  • ?????????? T ?????? Oc,???
  • ????????,?????? ga(t) ?

28
????????-19
  • ga(t) ???????? Om ?????????? (Nyquist
    frequency),??????? ga(t) ????????????????????????
    OT 2Om?
  • ?? 2Om ?????????? (Nyquist rate) ?

29
????????-20
  • ??? (Oversampling) - ?????????????? ?
  • ??? (Undersampling) - ?????????????? ?
  • ???? (Critical sampling) - ?????????????? ?
  • ????????????????????,????????????????

30
????????-21
  • ???????????,3.4 kHz ??????????????? ?
  • ??,????8 kHz ????,?????????? 3.4 kHz ????

31
????????-22
  • ??????????????,???? 20kHz ???????????????????
    ?
  • ??,???? (CD) ??????????? 44.1 kHz
    ??????,?????????????????

32
????????-23
  • ?? - ?????????
  • ??????????????????

33
????????-24
  • ???????

34
????????-25
  • ?????? T 0.1 ???????,??,??????
    ??/? ?
  • ?????????????? g1p(t),g2p(t),? g3p(t)?
  • ???????????????

35
????????-26
  • ?? 3 ????? CTFT ???

36
????????-27
  • ????????,?????
  • ??? T 0.1
    ?????????? (?????)?
  • ??????????????????????????
  • ? g1(t) ????,???????????,?????? ?

37
????????-28
  • ??,?????????????????????? g1(t) ?
  • ??,????????,?????????????,???? ,???????????????

38
????????-29
  • ??,?????,???????????????? ?????
    ? ?????????
  • ????,? ???????
  • ? ???????? ?

39
????????-30
  • ????????? gn ??????????????? ga(t)
    ??????????????????
  • ?????,???
  • ?????
  • ????

40
????????-40
  • ??????
  • ????
  • ???????

41
????????-41
  • ???????????

42
????????-42
  • ??????????????
  • ?
  • ?
  • ????? ,? ???
    ???

43
????????-43
  • ??,CTFT ? O ?????,???? ?
  • ?????????,??????????? ?
    ?????,???

44
???????-1
  • ??????????????? ???
    ,?????? gn ???????
  • ????? ???? DTFT,??????????

45
???????-2
  • ??,?????
  • ?????????????? gp(t)

46
???????-3
  • ??,???????????? ?
  • ?
    ????,????,?? ,?????

47
???????-4
  • ???? (bandlimited) ?????????

48
???????-5
  • ??????,????
  • ?? n ? 0 ?, ?
  • ??,?
  • ????,????? r ,

49
???????-6
  • ?????????????,????
  • ?????
  • ??,??????? ?????????,?????? t,??
  • ???? ?

50
??????????-1
  • ????????????????
  • ,
    ?
  • g1(t) ???? g1p(t) ? CTFT ????

51
??????????-2
  • ????????,????????????????? (frequency-translated)
    ??? (? ),???
    ??????????? ????????????
    ?

52
??????????-3
  • ????,??????? ,??????????????
  • ?????????? ?

53
??????????-4
  • ???,????? g2p(t) ? g3p(t) ???????????,????????????
    ???? cos(6pt) ?

54
??????????-5
  • ????????????? cos(6pt) ???,???????????
  • ???,??????????????,????? g2p(t) ? g3p(t)
    ?????????????? ,?????????????,? cos(14pt) ?
    cos(26pt) ?

55
???????-1
  • ??????????????????????????????????????,???????????
    ??????????,?????????? ???
  • ???????????????? (lowpass signal) ?

56
???????-2
  • ?????,??????????????????????
    ,? ?
  • ???????????????? (bandpass signal) ?
  • ??,????????????????????????????????,??
    ,????????

57
???????-3
  • ???????????????,??????????????????????????????????
    ? ?
  • ??,? ???,????????????????? ?

58
???????-4
  • ???,??????????????, ????? (undersampling)?
  • ? ???????? (bandwidth)
    ?
  • ?????????????? ???????,??

59
???????-5
  • ???????????????
  • ???????????????
  • ??? ??

60
???????-6
  • ????
  • ????, ? ?
    ?? 2 ????????,??? 1/T ???????
  • ??? k ???????????????????????, ???????? ?

61
???????-7
  • ??????????

62
???????-8
  • ? ?????? ???? T
    ?????????????
  • ????? ??????

  • , ??????,???????????????????,
    ???????????????? ?
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