Emergency Management

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US National Grid and the Florida State Emergency
Response Team
Richard Butgereit GIS Administrator 850-413-9907 r
ichard.butgereit_at_em.myflorida.com
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US National Grid

• Introduction to the US National Grid
• Why do we need to use the US National Grid?
• How is it similar/differ from other systems?
• How to read USNG coordinates
• Tools for Responders
• Tools for GIS Support Staff

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Introduction to the USNG

• Why do we need to use the US National Grid?
• How is it similar/differ from other systems?
• How to read USNG coordinates

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US National Grid

• Lessons learned have taught us that standardized
  grids are needed for positional reporting.
• As far back as Hurricane Andrew, problems were
  recognized for emergency managers...

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Florida Adopts the USNG

• USNG was adopted by the FFCA
• FDEM adopted the USNG in the States CEMP
• Florida Fire College, Florida Fire Chiefs
  Association, FL National Guard developed
  curriculum and instructor manuals
• Modules incorporated into Firefighter II
  curriculum

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FEMA Adopts the USNG

• Near term priority approved by Administrator
  Fugate
• Establish a standard for FEMA operational maps
  using the National Grid

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Introduction to the USNG

• Why do we need to use the US National Grid?
• How is it similar/differ from other systems?
• How to read USNG coordinates

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Whats wrong with current systems?

• We already have
• Latitude/Longitude
• Township/Range/Section
• Street Address and Zip
• Bingo Grids

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Latitude/Longitude

• Multiple formats are confusing
• DD -85.990151, 30.272240
• DM -85 59.409089, 30.16.334386
• DMS 85 5924.545W, 30 1620.063N
• All the same location!!!

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How far is a second anyway?

• What is the distance from.
• 85 5924.545W, 30 1620.063N
• To here.
• 85 5926.292W, 30 1614.546N

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Township/Range/Section

• Township/Range/Section grid from the Public Lands
  Survey System is an important and good system
• basis of land ownership records
• been in use for over 180 years

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Township/Range/Section

• But a perfect section really doesnt exist
• irregular in coastal areas
• too large to meet needs of ground crews

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Street Address and Zip

• Problematic due to
• rural routes
• post office boxes
• House numbers missing or obscured

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• What do you do when the SIGNS are gone?

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• What do you do when the ROADS are gone?

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Introduction to the USNG

• Why do we need to use the US National Grid?
• How is it similar/differ from other systems?
• How to read USNG coordinates

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Universal Transverse Mercator

• Developed by the United States Army Corps of
  Engineers in the 1940s
• A position on the Earth is referenced in the UTM
  system by the UTM zone, and the easting and
  northing coordinate pair.
• Abbreviated as UTM
• 16R 766000 3364820

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Military Grid Reference System

• is the geocoordinate standard used by North
  Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) for locating
  points on the earth.
• is derived from the UTM grid system, but uses a
  different labeling convention.
• Abbreviated as MGRS
• 16R GU 66000 64820

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United States National Grid

• Practically identical to MGRS.
• Difference is the datum MGRS uses WGS84, which
  USNG uses NAD 83
• Coordinates reported identical.
• Abbreviated as USNG
• 16R GU 66000 64820

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USNG

• it has the advantage of being easily plotted on
  USGS topographic maps by using a simple "right
  and then up" method instead of having to plot
  from right to left when using latitude and
  longitude in the Western Hemisphere. The
  coordinates are also easily translated to
  distance since they are in meters. Thus the
  distance between two coordinates can quickly be
  determined in the field.

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Introduction to the USNG

• Why do we need to use the US National Grid?
• How is it similar/differ from other systems?
• How to read USNG coordinates

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How to read USNG
16R GU 66000 64820
Grid Zone Designation for a world-wide unique
address, identifies the longitude zone number and
the latitude band letter
100,000 Meter Grid identification for regional
areas
Grid Coordinates Easting and Northing position
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Truncate for locality
16R
17R
16R GU 66000 64820

• just like you dont have to dial an area code to
  make a local call
• all Florida locations will be 16R or 17R

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Truncate for locality
16R
17R
16R GU 66000 64820

• 100,000 meter zone designation may be dropped
  when working locally

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Truncate for less precision
16R GU 66000 64820
Locates within 1 meter
66000 64820
Locates within 10 meters
6600 6482
660 648
Locates within 100 meters
Locates within 1000 meters
66 64
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USNG

• Easily scaleable
• Pin-point and cell
• based locational reporting
• Grid within a Grid

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Tools for Responders

• GPS
• GeoPDF
• Mapping applications and websites

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Support for USNG

• http//www.floridadisaster.org/gis/usng
• tools and instructions for GIS staff
• FDEMs GATOR
• new mapping website with USNG tools
• FDEPs Incident Mapper
• simple Google Maps mashup with USNG tools
• GeoPDFs
• new PDF formats have GIS capabilities, including
  USNG support

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Global Positioning Systems

• I have GPS..why do I need to care about any of
  this?
• USNG can be used with GPS
• GPS supplements USNG
• USNG will work when your GPS wont

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USNG and GPS

• Most GPS units explicitly support USNG as an
  option for units
• If you choose USNG, you must also choose NAD 83
  as your datum (or technically, you havent chosen
  USNG)
• You may also choose MGRS with NAD 83 to be the
  functional equivalent of USNG

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GATOR

• http//map.floridadisaster.org/GATOR
• Geospatial Assessment Tool for Operations and
  Response
• web mapping application
• real-time data like weather radar, watches, storm
  reports
• base map and post-event data

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GATOR
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KML for Google Earth

• http//map.floridadisaster.org/ArcGIS/KML
• Critical Facilities including USNG coordinates
  for facilities
• USNG layers statewide 100,000m, 10,000m, and
  1,000m

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KML for Google Earth
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E-Plan

• Hazardous Material Facilities
• For first responders
• User names/password provided through Local
  Emergency Planning Committee
• https//erplan.net

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Incident Mapper

• http//www.floridadisaster.org/gis/kml/viewer.htm
  
• simple Google Maps mashup with USNG tools
• real-time data like weather radar, watches, storm
  reports
• will be transitioning to GATOR

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Tools for GIS Support Staff

• USNG and ArcGIS
• GeoPDF

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USNG in ArcGIS 9.1

• USNG National Grid Tools
• Repackaging of
• Military Analyst
• Product line tool set (PLTS)
• USNG Locational Toolbar
• Available from ArcScripts
• Less complicated, easier to use

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USNG in ArcGIS 9.2/9.3

• Integrated
• Go to X,Y Tool
• Identify
• Graticules

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Military Analyst in ArcGIS 9.2/9.3
USNG coordinates may easily be added to a feature
class. NAR-C is proper NAD 83 choice - North
American Reference CONUS
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Military Analyst in ArcGIS 9.2/9.3
USNG coordinates added to a feature class.
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Map Book Templates

• DS Map Book (free extension to ArcMap
• Produce 4,000 m x 5,000 8.5 x 11 124,000 scale
  maps
• Style guide, templates and video from Delta State
  University linked from http//www.floridadisaster.
  org/gis/USNG/index.htmmapbooks

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Map Book Templates
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Map Books

• If you have a county wide map book (with USNG or
  not), please let us know for inclusion on our
  website

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Questions?
FloridaDisaster.org/gis