Answers to the pretest

1
Week Two

1. Answers to the pretest
2. On-line dictionaries
3. Listening practice
4. Reading chapter 1
5. Homework

2
Outline

• Answers to Pretest
• Listening practice VOA Special English
• http//www.voanews.com/english/news/
• http//www.voanews.com/learningenglish/home/
• On-line dictionaries
• Chapter 1 English as a Universal Language
• Listen and take notes.
• Group discussion what the reasons to support
  that English is NOT a universal language? What
  the reasons to support that English is a
  universal language?
• Go through the texts (vocabulary and sentence
  structure).
• Exercise
• QA
• Homework
• Recitation Practice (Group 1) English as a
  Universal Language (p.6-9)
• Reading

3
Answers to Pretest

• Rumors
• Suit
• Keyboards
• Retrieve
• Keynote
• Release
• Interactivity
• Slate
• Hurdles
• EDECBB

4
On-line Dictionaries

• http//memo.cgu.edu.tw/yu-yen/dictionaries.htm
• 1. Merriam-Webster (also included Thesaurus)  ?
  http//www.m-w.com/
• 10.  One Look Dictionary http//www.onelook.com/
   
• 12.      Thesaurus Com ?http//thesaurus.reference
  .com
• http//www.wordnik.com/

5
Follow suit

• to play a card of the same suit as the card led
• to follow an example set
• Examples
• Maybe we ought to follow suit and bring in some
  nice music and stick flowers in every room, and
  get rid of these white walls and computers.
• Life also resembles whist in this, that we are
  obliged to follow suit in a general way to those
  who happen to have the lead.

6
Release (v.)

• The hostages have been released.
• The lion was released from its cage.
• I released my sons hand, and he ran out onto the
  playground.
• The factory faced serious fines for releasing
  dangerous chemicals into the river.
• During exercise, the body releases chemicals in
  the brain that make you feel better.
• Exercise is a good way to release stress.

7
Release (n.)

• The prisoner is eligible for early release.
• The prisoner was given an early release.
• the release of heat into the atmosphere
• Exercise triggers the release of chemicals in the
  brain that make you feel better.
• an accidental release of pollutants into the
  river
• They've filed a request for release from the
  contract.
• They're requesting a release from their
  contractual obligations.
• The release of the book is scheduled for next
  month.

8
Hurdles

• Synonyms balk, bar, block, chain, clog, cramp,
  crimp, deterrent, drag, embarrassment, fetter,
  handicap, hindrance, holdback, encumbrance,
  impediment, inhibition, interference, let,
  manacle, obstacle, obstruction, shackles, stop,
  stumbling block, trammel

9
Primary concern/ be primarily concerned with

• The economy was the primary focus of the debate.
• The family is the primary social unit of human
  life.
• The primary function of our schools is to educate
  our young people.
• We just started our primary flight training.
• The book is based mainly on primary sources
  rather than secondary sources.

10
Keywords and Main Ideas

• Nucleic acid
• How is it discovered
• The structure (with a comparison with amino)
  polymer, its subunits
• Two varieties
• How does it form the genetic code

11
Listening practice

• VOA Special English
• http//www.voanews.com/english/news/
• http//www.voanews.com/learningenglish/home/

12
English as a Universal Language

• Listen and take notes.
• Group discussion
• (1) What the reasons to support that English is
  NOT a universal language?
• (2) What the reasons to support that English is a
  universal language?

13
Group Discussion

• Dialect
• State-run secondary schools

14
(No Transcript)
15
p.6AChinese versus English

• Although there may be as many people speaking the
  various dialects  of Chinese as there are English
  speakers, English is certainly more widespread
  geographically, more genuinely universal than
  Chinese.  

16
(No Transcript)
17
state-run (adj.)

• to be managed by the nation or the state.
• the state apparatus
• Airwaves
• In-service training
• the ecumenical  language

18
P.7 C Media and Transportation

• English prevails in transportation and the media.
  The travel and communication language of the
  international airwaves is English.
• Pilots and air traffic controllers speak English
  at all international airports.
• Maritime traffic uses flag and light signals, but
  if vessels needed to communicate verbally, they
  would find a common language, which would
  probably be English, says the U.S. Coast Guards
  Werner Siems.

19
Airwaves and airway

• airwaves the medium of radio and television
  transmission not used technically.
• Airway a passage for a current of air a
  designated route along which airplanes fly from
  airport to airport especially such a route
  equipped with navigational aids

20
P.7D

• Five of the largest broadcastersCBS,NBC, ABC,
  the BBC, and the CBCreach a potential audience
  of about 300 million people through English
  broadcast. It is also the most popular language
  of satellite TV.

21
P.7EFG The Information Age

• The language of the information age is English.
• More than 80 percent of all the information
  stored in the more than 100 million computers
  around the world is in English.
• Eighty-five percent of international telephone
  conversations are conducted in English, as are
  three-fourths of the worlds mail, telexes , and
  cables. Computer program instructions and the
  software itself are often supplied only in
  English.

22
telex

• a communication service involving teletypewriters
  connected by wire through automatic exchanges
  also a teletypewriter used in telex

23
P.8H

• German was once the language of science. Today
  more than 80 percent of all scientific papers are
  published first in English. Over half the worlds
  technical and scientific periodicals are in
  English, which is also the language of medicine,
  electronics, and space technology.
•  

24
p.8 IJ International Business

• English is the language of international
  business.
• When a Japanese businessman strikes a deal
  anywhere in Europe, the chances are overwhelming
  that the negotiations were conducted in English.

25
P.8K

• Manufactured goods indicate their country of
  origin in English Made in Germany, not
  Fabriziert in Deutschland. It is the language of
  choice in multinational corporations.
• Datsun and Nissan write international memorandums
  in English. As early as 1985, 80 percent of the
  Japanese Mitsui and Companys employees could
  speak, read and write English.
• Toyota provides in-service  English courses.
  English classes are held in Saudi Arabia for the
  ARAMCO workers and on three continents for Chase
  Manhattan Bank staff.

26
In-service

•  going on or continuing while one is fully
  employed ltinservice teacher education workshopsgt
  

27
P.8L Diplomacy

• English is replacing the dominant European
  languages of centuries past. English has replaced
  French as the language of diplomacy it is one of
  the official languages of international aid
  organizations such as Oxfam and Save the Children
  as well as of UNESCO, NATO, and the UN.

28
p.8M Lingua Franca 

• English serves as a common tongue in countries
  where people speak many different languages. In
  India, nearly 200 different languages are spoken
  only 30 percent speak the official language,
  Hindi. When Rajiv Gandhi addressed the nation
  after his mothers assassination, he spoke in
  English. The European Free Trade Association
  works only in English even though it is a foreign
  tongue for all six member countries.
•  any of various languages used as common or
  commercial tongues among peoples of diverse
  speech
•  

29
P.8 N Official Language

• English is the official or semiofficial language
  of 20 African countries, including Sierra Leone,
  Ghana, Nigeria, Liberia, and South Africa.
  Students are instructed in English at Makerere
  University in Uganda, the University of Nairobi
  in Kenya, and the University of Dar es Salaam in
  Tanzania.

30
P.9-O

• English is the ecumenical  language of the World
  Council of Churches, and one of the official
  languages of the Olympics and the Miss Universe
  competition.
•   worldwide or general in extent, influence, or
  application of, relating to, or representing the
  whole of a body of churches promoting or
  tending toward worldwide Christian unity or
  cooperation

31
P.9 P Youth Culture

• English is the language of international youth
  culture. Young people worldwide listen to and
  sing popular songs in English often without fully
  understanding the lyrics. Break dance, rap
  music, bodybuilding, windsurfing, and
  computer hacking are invading the slang of
  German youth.

32
Homework

• E1 (p.4-5), E3(p.9) and E5 (p.11)
• Reading Mongolians Learn to Say Progress in
  English (p.16-18)
• Recitation Practice or Oral Reports