Public Health FOR MICHIGAN FOR YOU

1

Salmonella What You Need to Know

Kenneth Onyewurunwa, (MPH Student)
Walden University
PH 6165-5 (Environmental Health)

Instructor Dr. Rebecca Heick
June,
2009
2
Welcome!!

• Food handlers
• Local government staff
• Health care providers
• General public

3
Objectives

• Increase knowledge
• Burden of disease
• Public health Impact
• Cost of disease

4
Expected Learning Outcomes for participants

• Public health issue/concern
• Health complications
• Prevalence
• Intervention

5
What is Salmonella?

• Source
• Symptoms
• Nature of disease

6
What foods are associated with Salmonella

• Raw meat
• Poultry
• Eggs
• Milk dairy products
• Fish shrimp
• Sauces salad dressing

7
Prevalence/Incidence Reported
cases of Salmonellosis in the U.S. excluding
typhoid fever for the years 1988 to 1995. The
number of cases for each year varies between
40,000 and 50,000. From Summary of Notifiable
Diseases, United States MMWR 44(53) 1996
(October 25).
8
Public Health Impact

• Multi- state outbreaks
• Hospitalization
• Over burdened health system
• Death
• Centers for Disease Control Prevention (2009)
  Retrieved on June 15, 2009 from
  http//www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm58e0129
  a1.htm

9
Medical care costLost productivityFr
enzen PD, Riggs LT, Buzby JC, Breuer T, Roberts
T, Voetsch D, Reddy S and the FoodNet Working
Group (1999) Salmonella Cost Estimate Updated
Using FoodNet Data Retrieved June 15, 2009 from
http//www.ers.usda.gov/publications/foodreview/ma
y1999/frmay99c.pdfTodd Neale (2009) Staff
Writer, MedPage Today. Retrieved on June 15, 2009
from http//www.medpagetoday.com/InfectiousDiseas
e/PublicHealth/13269

• Burden of Disease

10
Intervention

• Clinical
• Public health
• Environmental stewardship
• Moeller, D. W. (2005). Environmental health (3rd
  Ed.). Boston Harvard University Press

11
Clinical Intervention

• What can a person do to prevent this disease?
• Avoid raw or undercooked eggs, poultry, or meat
• Cross-contamination of foods should be avoided
• Test Restaurant Workers with previous cases
• Use of intravenous fluids and antibiotics
• Wash your hands
• Report all cases
• Better Education

12
Public Health Environmental Stewardship
Intervention

• From Farm to Table
• Eliminating middle men
• Eliminating the use of antimicrobials hormone
• Food co-ops or similar Local system

Source 2007
Eastern Marker Corporation. http//www.detroiteast
ernmarket.com/page.php?p1s18
13
Barriers to Intervention

• Effects of globalization
• Antibiotic resistance

14
Summary/Conclusion

• Some key learning points
• Public health issue/concern
• Health complications
• Prevalence
• Intervention

15
Further Reading Materials

• The CDC provides an informational brochure on
  preventing Salmonella enteritidis infection. Food
  Safety Facts for Consumers http//www.cdc.gov/ncid
  od/dbmd/diseaseinfo/salment_g.htm
• http//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwta
  x.cgi?nameSalmonella
• A Loci index for genome Salmonella enteritidis is
  available from GenBank.
• Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Reports from CDC
• Bad Bug Book - Salmonella spp. Foodborne
  Pathogenic Microorganisms and Natural Toxins
  Handbook
•     
•  

16
References

• Food Drug Administration (2009) Retrieved on
  June 15, 2009 from http//www.fda.gov/Food/FoodSa
  fety/FoodborneIllness/FoodborneIllnessFoodbornePat
  hogensNaturalToxins/BadBugBook/ucm069966.htm
• Centers for Disease Control Prevention (2009)
  Retrieved on June 15, 2009 from
  http//www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm58e0129
  a1.htm
• Frenzen PD, Riggs LT, Buzby JC, Breuer T, Roberts
  T, Voetsch D, Reddy S and the FoodNet Working
  Group (1999) Salmonella Cost Estimate Updated
  Using FoodNet Data Retrieved June 15, 2009 from
  http//www.ers.usda.gov/publications/foodreview/ma
  y1999/frmay99c.pdf
• Todd Neale (2009) Staff Writer, Med Page Today.
  Retrieved on June 15, 2009 from
  http//www.medpagetoday.com/InfectiousDisease/Publ
  icHealth/13269
• World Health Organization (2009) Retrieved on
  June 15, 2009 from http//www.who.int/mediacentre
  /factsheets/fs237/en/
• Centers for Disease Control Prevention (2009)
  Retrieved on June 15, 2009 http//www.cdc.gov/nczv
  ed/dfbmd/disease_listing/salmonellosis_gi.html4

17
Thank you.

• Questions?