AVANCEMOS II UNIDAD 5 Gram

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AVANCEMOS IIUNIDAD 5Gramática
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ísimo(s), ísima(s), p. 258

• To add emphasis to some adjectives, you can
  attach the ending ísimo(a)(os)(as).
• If the adjective ends in a vowel, drop it before
  adding the ending.
• Ejemplo bello(a)gt Esta cocina es bellísima!
  (This kitchen is very (extremely) beautiful!)
• When the last consonant in the adjective is c,
  g, or z, spelling changes are required before
  adding ísimo (a, os, as).
• c gt qu ricogtriquísimo
• g gt gu largogtlarguísimo
• z gt c felizgtfelicísimo Completa Act. 5,
  p. 258

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Usted/Ustedes commandsMandatos formales, p. 259

• Used for respectful commands. Commands require a
  change in verb endings.

Infinitive Present tense Usted Ustedes
probar(ue) yo pruebo pruebe prueben
comer yo como coma coman
añadir yo añado añada añadan
Pruebe el té. (Taste the tea.)
Coman la merienda. (Eat the snack.) Add
no before the verb to make commands negative.
(No coman la merienda. Do not eat the snack.)
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Irregular usted/ustedes commands
dar (to give) estar (to be) ir (to go) saber (to know) ser (to be)
usted dé esté vaya sepa sea
ustedes den estén vayan sepan sean
Vaya a la cocina. (Go to the kitchen.)
No estén tristes. (Dont be sad.)
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car, gar, zar verbs

• These verbs have a spelling change in the command
  form.

buscar busque
pagar pague
empezar empiece
Completa Actividad 6, p. 260
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Pronoun placement with commands, p. 264

• Placement depends on whether the command is
  affirmative or negative.
• With affirmative commands, pronouns are attached
  to the end of the verb.
• Llévenos al supermercado. (Take us to the
  supermarket.)
• Pónganlas en la mesa. (Put them on the table.)

An accent is added to the stressed vowel of the
command of two or more syllables.
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Negative commands object pronoun placement

• Object pronouns are placed BEFORE the verb and
  after no
• No le venda esta camisa. (Dont sell her/him this
  shirt.)
• No lo prueben. (Dont taste it.)
• Completa Actividad 13, p. 265

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Affirmative Negative words, p. 283

• Indefinite words that refer to non-specific
  people, things, or situations can be affirmative
  or negative.

Affirmative words Negative words
algo something nada nothing
alguien someone nadie no one
algún/ alguno(a)(s) some ningún/ ninguno(as)(s) none, not any
oo eitheror nini neithernor
siempre always nunca never
también also tampoco neither, either
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Rules of affirmative/negative words

• Alguno(a) and ninguno(a) have different forms
  before masculine singular nouns.
• alguno gt algún ninguno gt ningún
• Quieres algún filete? (Do you want some steak?)
• No, no quiero ningún plato con carne. (No, I do
  not want any dish with meat.)

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• A double negative is required in Spanish when
  no comes before the verb. Indefinite words
  that follow no must be negative.
• No veo nada. (I do not see anything.)
• When alguien or nadie is the object of a
  verb, it is preceded by the personal a.
• Conoces a alguien de España? (Do you know anyone
  from Spain?)
• No, no conozco a nadie de España. (No, I do not
  know anyone from Spain.)
• Completa Actividad Actividad 6, p. 284

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Double object pronouns, p. 288

• For placement of both direct and indirect object
  pronouns in the same sentence.
• The indirect object pronoun comes first.
• La camarera nos trajo el caldo a Juan y a mí. gt
  The waitress brought the broth to Juan and me.
• La camarera nos lo trajo. gt The waitress brought
  it to us.
• 2. When a conjugated verb appears with an
  infinitive or a verb in the ndo form, you can
  put the pronouns before the conjugated verb OR
  attach them to the infinitve or ndo form.
• Me los vas a pedir. OR Vas a pedírmelos. (You
  are going to ask me for them.)

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• Me los estás pidiendo. OR Estás pidiéndomelos.
  (You are asking me for them.)
• When attaching pronouns, you must add an accent
  to the stressed vowel.
• 3. If both pronouns start with the letter l,
  change the indirect object to se.
• Le pedí la cuenta al camarero. gt Se la pedí. (I
  asked him for it.)
• Les puedes llevar el té a esas mujeres? gt
  Puedes llevárselo? (Can you take it to them?
• Completa Activitad 13 14, p. 289