Cuban Missile Crisis - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Cuban Missile Crisis

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... saboteurs Cease piratical attacks from bases in the United States and Puerto Rico End violations of Cuban airspace US withdrawal from Guantanamo ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Cuban Missile Crisis


1
Cuban Missile Crisis
By Philip Brenner
2
(No Transcript)
3
CIA Briefing Map Meeting of the ExComm October
16, 1962
4
U-2 Photo of Missile Site, October 14, 1962
5
Missile Warhead
6
ExComm Deliberation During the Crisis
7
(No Transcript)
8
Letter from Nikita Khrushchev to John F.
Kennedy,October 26, 1962
9
Black Saturday Second Letter
10
Black Saturday
Low-level reconnaissance of Cuban anti-aircraft
sites
11
U.S. Lessons
  • Crises can be managed
  • - Secrecy
  • - Small group with open discussion
  • - Exclude and misinform Congress and public
  • Steel Will (Eyeball to Eyeball)
  • - Toughness
  • - Resolve
  • Superior Strength
  • - Build up Military
  • - Exercise Coercive Diplomacy

12
Problems with US Lessons - First Cut
  • Crises cannot be managed
  • Flexibility, not steel will, saved us
  • Force or threat of force precipitated the crisis,
    made it more dangerous

13
US Misconstrues Soviet Motives
Summit in Vienna Austria, June 1961
Berlin Wall Erected, August 1961
14
Jan. 3, 1961
15
(No Transcript)
16
Bay of Pigs
  • The next day, 1,500 U.S. trained Cuban exiles
    landed on Cuba with weapons supplied by the
    United States.

17
Richard Goodwin Meets Ché Guevara
? ? ?
? ? ?
18
Memorandum from Gen. Lansdale to Special Group
(Augmented) -- Pg 1
Operation Mongoose
19
Gen. Lansdale Memorandum (Continued) -- Pg 2
20
(No Transcript)
21
Operation Anadyr
  • In July 1962 the Soviet Union began to send
    ballistic missiles, other weapons and soldiers to
    Cuba. The build-up troubles US military planners,
    even as they conclude
  • that ballistic
  • missiles are
  • not being
  • installed.

22
New York TimesOctober 23, 1961
. . .
23
Soviet Union responds by exploding a 50-megaton
hydrogen bomb in the atmosphere, Oct 30, 1961
White House Statement
24
Problems with US Lessons - Second Cut
  • Crisis management Groupthink and exclusion
    of information
  • Steel will inflexibility and no negotiations
    force becomes only alternative
  • Coercive diplomacy military build-up
    ignores factors such as patriotism

25
Soviet Lessons
  • Crises cannot be managed
  • Crises must be prevented
  • Improve communications with the other superpower
  • Achieve parity (equal military force) with US

26
(No Transcript)
27
President Kennedys American University
Speech June 10, 1963
28
Cuban Lessons
  • Neither superpower can be trusted
  • Cuba must defend itself with asymmetric warfare
  • Support revolution in Third World
  • Strengthen military forces
  • Intensify internal security

29
Castros Five Demands
  • Cessation of the US economic embargo and US
    pressure on other countries to cut commercial
    links to Cuba
  • End US subversive activities against Cuba,
    including the organization of invasions by
    mercenaries and infiltration of spies and
    saboteurs
  • Cease piratical attacks from bases in the
  • United States and Puerto Rico
  • End violations of Cuban airspace
  • US withdrawal from Guantanamo Naval Base

30
Anastas Mikoyan Arrives in Cuba
31
IL-28 Bomber (Bulgarian model in Cuba)
32
How Castro Remembered Mikoyans Visit
-- From James Blight and Philip Brenner, Sad and
Luminous Days
33
OSPAAL Organization of Solidarity of the
Peoples of Africa, Asia and Latin America
34
Cuban Missile Caribbean October
Crisis
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