Horticultural Science Unit A Horticulture CD

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Horticultural Science Unit AHorticulture CD
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Problem Area 4

• Growing Media, Nutrients, and Fertilizers

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Supplying Nutrients toFloriculture Crops

• Lesson 3

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Interest ApproachWhat Does for Plants What
Vitamins Do for You?

• Vitamins
• C health
• D strength
• A eyesight
• Calcium-bones
• Iron-blood

• Elements
• N growth
• P blossoms
• Ca cell strength
• K - roots

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Interest Approach cont.When Do Plants Need
Differing Nutrients?

• New verses ______________?
• Flowers verses ___________?
• Going into winter vs.______?
• Trees verses _____________?
• Grasses verses ___________?
• Vegetables verses _________?

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Student ObjectivesAfter this lesson you will be
able to

• 1. Name the nutrients needed for plant growth.
• 2. Describe pH and how it is modified.
• 3. Describe the components of a fertilizer.
• 4. Explain the methods of applying fertilizers to
  floriculture crops.

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Terms

• Chlorosis
• Complete fertilizer
• Deficient
• Fertilizer
• Fertilizer analysis
• Incomplete Fertilizer
• Limestone
• Macronutrient

• Micronutrient
• Nitrogen (N)
• Phosphorus (P)
• Potassium (K)
• Slow release fertilizer
• Soil pH
• Soil test
• Sulfur

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What are the nutrients needed for plant growth?

• 2 groups
• Supplied by nature (mostly)
• C, H, O
• Supplied by fertilizer
• Nitrogen, Sulfur,

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Macronutrients - elements that are needed by the
plant in the largest amount.

• Primary macros
• nitrogen (N)
• phosphorus (P)
• potassium (K)

• Secondary macros
• calcium (Ca)
• magnesium (Mg)
• sulfur (S).

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Micronutrients -Needed in Smaller Amounts by the
Plants, but Are Still Essential

• Boron (B)
• Copper(Cu)
• Chlorine (Cl)
• Iron (Fe)

• Manganese (Mn)
• Molybdenum (Mo)
• Zinc (Zn)

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C HOPKNS CaFe Mg(mighty-good)

• This pneumonic is and easy way to remember the
  macronutrients.
• Now just remember the Micros!
• Cu, B, Zn, Cl, Mo, Mn
• CuBZn Clean up Mo Mn!

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Soil Tests

• can be performed on the soil to determine which
  nutrients are present or deficient (absent or
  lacking).
• Are only as accurate as the test you get what
  you pay for
• Can confirm nutrient deficiency shown by plant
  leaves.

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pH

• potential of Hydrogen.
• A measure of alkalinity or acidity.
• pH ranges from 1 to 14.
• 1 being acid
• 14 being base (alkaline)
• Most plants prefer pH of 6.5 to 7.0 (neutral)
• pH is adjusted by using limestone or sulfur, as
  well as acid type fertilizers.

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Fertilizer

• Material provided to supply nutrients needed for
  plant growth.
• 2 types of fertilizer
• Complete contains the 3 Primary Macros
• Incomplete missing 1 or more Primaries
• Fertilizer analysis states the percentage of
  primary nutrients.

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16 4 8

• 16 N
• 4 P2O5
• 8 K2O
• Equals 28??? Where is the rest?!?
• Salts and other carriers make up the remaining 72

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Fertilizer

• Available in three phases
• Liquid, solid, gas (rarely used in floriculture)
• Applied by several methods
• Premixed into soil.
• Sprayed onto foliage.
• Injected into irrigation water.
• Slow release dissolves over extended period of
  time.

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Review
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What are the nutrients needed for plant growth?

• Name the 3 nature supplied nutrients.
• CHO
• Name the 3 primary macronutrients.
• NPK
• Name the 3 secondary macronutrients.
• CaSMg
• The micronutrients?
• Fe., Cu B, Zn, Cl, Mo, MN

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What is pH and how is it modified?

• Define pH.
• Measure of acidity / alkalinity
• potential of Hydrogen
• Add limestone to _________ pH?
• Add sulfur to ___________pH?

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What are the components of a fertilizer?

• Incomplete vs. complete?
• Complete has the 3 primary macros
• Incomplete is missing some primaries
• What is fertilizer analysis?

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How are fertilizers applied to floriculture crops?

• List the 3 phases of fertilizers.
• Liquid, solid, gas
• List the application methods.
• Irrigation injection
• Slow release
• Premix into soil
• Spray onto foliage