Crisis Action Planning

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Crisis Action Planning
Joint Forces Staff College National Defense
University
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Lesson Objective

• Comprehend the value of CAP procedures in crises

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What is a crisis?
An incident or situation involving a threat
to the United States, its territories, citizens,
military forces, possessions, or vital interests
that develops rapidly and creates a condition of
such diplomatic, economic, political, or military
importance that commitment of U.S. military
forces and resources is contemplated to achieve
national objectives. JP 1-02
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The World Environment

• Political
• Diffusion of power
• Political instability

• Economic
• Reduced U.S. economic dominance
• Interdependent world economy
• Increased debt burden for third world

• Sociological
• Soaring population in LDCs
• Decline in military-age cohorts

• Technological
• Rapid advances
• Eroded U.S. supremacy
• Improved weaponry and lethality

• Military
• Modern weapons (include NBC) proliferation
• Increased terrorism...low-intensity conflict

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The Players
State / Energy Department
CJCS JCS Jt Staff
Services
Army Navy Air Force Marine Corps Coast Guard NGB
Intelligence Agencies
DNI DIA CIA NSA
Combatant Commands
Africa Command Special Operations
Command Central Command Strategic
Command European Command Transportation
Command Northern Command Pacific Command
Southern Command
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CAP Process Allows

• Rapid exchange of pertinent information
• Analysis of situations affecting possible COAs
• Development of feasible COAs
• Decisionmaking process to select best COAs
• Coordination of plans and orders to implement
  decisions made

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Political-Military Actions and the
Interagency
Military Operations
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Importance

• Sensible and realistic policy-making creates
  opportunities for progress
• Interagency planning can make or break an
  operation
• Failure to integrate civil dimension Undermines
  unity of effort Pressures military to do
  more Lengthens the duration of commitments
• Early involvement in planning accelerates
  contributions of civilian agencies

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Deciding to Intervene

• How did we get where we are?
• Mission/Objective
• Alternative means to achieve objective
• Tolerance for what level of violence?
• Support for use of force
• Financial and logistical
• Exit strategy
• Definition of victory

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JOPESJoint Operation Planning and Execution
System
Contingency Planning
Concept Development
Plan Assessment
Plan Development
Strategic Guidance

Crisis Action Planning
Execution
Situation Awareness
OPORD
Planning
No Plan
Campaign Plan OPORDs
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Crisis Action Planning Process
Situational Awareness
Major Crisis
Planning
Conduct Operation
Execution
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Crisis Action Planning Process
Major Crisis
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Crisis Action Planning Process
Major Crisis
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Crisis Action Planning Process
Major Crisis
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Crisis Action Planning Process
Major Crisis
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Crisis Action Planning Process
Major Crisis
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Crisis Action Planning Process
Major Crisis
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Crisis Action Planning Process
Major Crisis
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Crisis Action Planning Process
Major Crisis
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Crisis Action Planning Process
Major Crisis
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Crisis Action Planning Process
Major Crisis
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Crisis Action Planning Process
Major Crisis
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Crisis Action Planning Process
Major Crisis
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Crisis Action Planning Process
Major Crisis
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Crisis Action Planning Process
Major Crisis
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Crisis Action Planning Process
Major Crisis
Conduct Operation
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CAP Orders
WARNO PLORD ALORD DEPORD EXORD UPHOLD DEMOCRACY
(94) X X X XX PROMPT RETURN (95) X X X JOINT
ENDEAVOR (95) X XX QUICK RESPONSE (96) X X
BURUNDI (96) X DESERT STRIKE (96)
XX X INTRINSIC ACTION
(96) XX GUARDIAN ASSISTANCE (96) X X X
SILVER WAKE (97) X X ENDURING
/ IRAQI FREEDOM (03) X X X OEF-TRANS SAHEEL
X X UNIFIED ASSISTANCE X X
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Flow Diagram of Crisis Action Procedures
Situation Awareness --------------------Plann
ing --------------------- Execution

• Combatant Commander Assessment that may have
  national implications
• Reports to President/ SecDef/ CJCS

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JOPESJoint Operation Planning and Execution
System
Contingency Planning
Concept Development
Plan Assessment
Plan Development
Strategic Guidance

Crisis Action Planning
Execution
Situation Awareness
OPORD
Planning
No Plan
Campaign Plan OPORDs
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Crisis Action Planning Checklists

• Contained in Enclosure G to JOPES Vol I
• List general responsibilities and considerations
  during CAP
• Identified for various levels
• -- CJCS
• -- supported command
• -- component commands
• -- supporting commands
• -- Services
• -- USTRANSCOM
• -- other commands and agencies

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Crisis Action Planning
Joint Forces Staff College National Defense
University
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RETROSPECT
Joint Forces Staff College www.jfsc.ndu.edu J
oint Electronic Library www.dtic.mil/doctrine
Joint Deployment Training Center
www.jdtc.jfcom.mil Combatant Commands
http//www.defenselink.mil/specials/unifiedcomman
d/
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Crisis Action PlanningCase Study
Joint Forces Staff College National Defense
University
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OPERATIONDESERT SHIELD/STORM
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Middle East Strategic Objectives

• Prevent any Middle East power from achieving
  hegemony over its neighbors
• Secure an uninterrupted supply of oil

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Coalition Objectives

• Iraq must withdraw from Kuwait
• Kuwaits legitimate government must be restored
• Security and stability must be achieved in
  Persian Gulf

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CRISIS
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USCENTCOM Campaign Plan
DESERT SHIELD
I
II
7 AUG
8 NOV
DESERT STORM
I
I
I
16 JAN
23 FEB
27 FEB
7 MAR
DEPLOYMENT
EMPLOYMENT
REDEPLOYMENT
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Campaign Phases
I. Strategic air operations II. Air supremacy
in KTO III. Battlefield preparation IV. Ground
offensive operations
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Campaign Objectives/Phases

• Objective Phase
• Attack leadership C2 I
• Gain and maintain air supremacy I II
• Totally cut Iraq supply lines I II III IV
• Destroy chemical, biological, I III
• and nuclear capability
• Destroy Republican Guards I III IV
• Coalition forces liberate Kuwait city
  IV

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DS/S Command Control
U.S. GOVERNMENT
SAUDI GOVERNMENT
Gen. H. Norman Schwarzkopf, COMMANDER U.S.
CENTRAL COMMAND
Lt. Gen. Khalld bin Sultan, COMMANDER JOINT FORCES
COALITION, COORDINATION, AND COMMUNICATION
INTEGRATION CENTER
USMC
MOROCCO
SYRIA
USA
EGYPT
USN
SAUDI ARABIA
OMAN
USAF
UNITED KINGDOM
KUWAIT
BAHRAIN
USCG
FRANCE
QATAR
UAE
OTHER NON-ISLAMIC NATIONS
CANADA
PAKISTAN
OTHER ISLAMIC NATIONS
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Crisis Action Planning
Joint Forces Staff College National Defense
University
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Back Up Slides
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Deployment Database and Crisis Action
JOPES CRISIS ACTION PLANNING
CONPLAN
Publish
Support
Prepare
Campaign Plan
JSCP
Develop
Execute
Task
Develop
JOPES Contingency Planning
JOPES IT
Deployment of Forces
Monitor
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Execution Flexibility
Maximum flexibility will be left to the
supported commander in determining how the
commander will carry out the assigned mission and
tasks. JP 5-03.1